• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.406-413
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• 2023

Captive breeding and reintroduction are crucial strategies for conserving endangered species populations. However, fish raised in predator-free environments, show a lack of recognition of predationrelated stimuli such as chemical and visual signals. It is critical to recognize chemical signals from injured conspecifics, also known as alarm signals, and the order or shape of predators to indicate the spread of predation risk in the habitat. We conducted a laboratory experiment to determine and adjust the optimal exposure period to induce appropriate anti-predator behavior response to different types of stimuli (Chemical, Visual and Chemical+Visual) for the endangered species Microphysogobio rapidus. Our results demonstrate that predator avoidance behavior varies depending on the types of stimuli and the duration of predation risk exposure. First, the results showed captive-breed M. rapidus show lack of response against conspecific alarm signal (Chemical cue) before the predation risk exposure period and tend to increase response over predation risk exposure time. Second, response to predator (visual cue) tend to peak at 48 hours cumulative exposure, but show dramatic decrease after 72 hours cumulative exposure. Finally, response to the mixed cue (Chemical+visual) tend to peak prior to the predation risk exposure period and show reduced response during subsequent exposure periods. This experiment confirms the lack of responsiveness to conspecific alarm signals in captive-bred M. rapidus and the need for an optimal nature behavior enhancement program prior to release of endangered species. Furthermore, responsiveness to predator visual signal peak at 48 hours cumulative exposure, suggest an optimal predation risk exposure period of up to 48 hours.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10b
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• pp.505-507
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• 2004

컴포넌트 기반 개발은 컴포넌트 재사용을 통해 생산성을 향상시키고, 검증된 컴포넌트의 사용으로 소프트웨어 품질을 증대시키며, 개발비용 및 일정의 단축을 유도하는 등 기존의 소프트웨어 개발 방법에 비해 다양한 이점을 보유하고 있다. 이러한 이점에도 불구하고 컴포넌트 기반개발을 성공적으로 정착시키란 쉬운 일이 아니다. 이는 바로 컴포넌트 기반 개발의 특성상 발생할 수 있는 위험을 체계적으로 관리하지 못했기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 컴포넌트 기반 개발 시 발생할 수 있는 위험을 분석하고 영향을 미치는 측정 메트릭을 조사하여 위험을 정량적으로 측정하기 위한 초석을 마련하였다. 또한 컴포넌트 기반 개발 시 발생할 수 있는 위험을 체계적으로 관리하기 위한 'CBD 개발과제 위험 노출도를 줄이기 위한 OT(Opportunity Tree)'를 제시하였다.s;를 제시하였다.

• KOREAN ASSOCIATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSES
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.25-32
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• 2012

최근에는 산업장 근로자나 노인에게 주로 발생되던 청력손실이 청소년에까지 점차 확대되면서 청소년의 청력뿐 아니라 청소년의 청력에 영향을 미치는 여러 환경 및 요인에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 그 중 외국어 공부나 음악감상용으로 청소년들 사이에 생활필수품처럼 널리 이용되고 있는 휴대용 카세트가 청소년의 소음성 난청원으로 매우 위험하다는 연구결과가 제시되어 학부모, 교사, 전문가에 의해 청소년 청력상태에 대한 조사와 청력손실을 유발하는 위험요인에 대해 많은 연구가 실시되었다. 청소년기에 취미/오락활동, 가정내 기계 기구, 음악, 교통 등의 소음에 상시적으로 노출될 수 있다. 직업적으로 소음에 노출된 적이 없는 청소년에게서 소음성 난청이 발생할 수 있다는 연구결과가 나오고 있는데, 청소년의 소음성 난청은 큰 소리를 내는 장난감과 개인용 음향기기, 콘서트장, 밴드활동 등의 음악과 관련이 있으며 이외에 모터사이클, 모터 스포츠 등의 레저 활동과 관련이 있다. 이러한 소음은 작업장 소음에 의한 초기 청력손실처럼 3~6 kHz 역의 청력손실을 특징적으로 보여준다. 이 글에서는 주요 취미활동과 관련하여 MP3 등 개인용 음향기기와 헤드셋 착용 근로자의 소음 노출 수준과 이에 따른 청력영향을 살펴보고, 소음저감방법에 대해 알아보고자 한다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.8-12
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• 2004

지하로부터 채굴되는 천연가스의 황화수소(H$_2$S)가스 농도가 일정 수준 이상이면 이를 사우어가스(sour gas)분위기라고 하는데, 이러한 부식성 분위기에 강재가 노출되면 강재 내부에 수소유기균열(hydrogen induced cracking)이 발생할 위험성이 높아진다.(중략)

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

Drought occurs extensively over a long period and causes great socio-economic damage. Since drought risk consists of social, environmental, physical, and economic factors along with meteorological and hydrological factors, it is important to quantitatively identify their impacts on drought risk. This study investigated the relationship among drought hazard, vulnerability, response capacity, and risk in Chungcheongbuk-do using a structural equation model and evaluated their impacts on drought risk using Bayesian networks. We also performed sensitivity analysis to investigate how the factors change drought risk. Overall results showed that Chungju-si had the highest risk of drought. The risk was calculated as the largest even when the hazard and response capacity were changed. However, when the vulnerability was changed, Eumseong-gun had the greatest risk. The sensitivity analysis showed that Jeungpyeong-gun had the highest sensitivity, and Jecheon-si, Eumseong-gun, and Okcheon-gun had highest individual sensitivities with hazard, vulnerability, and response capacity, respectively. This study concluded that it is possible to identify impact factors on drought risk using regional characteristics, and to prepare appropriate drought countermeasures considering regional drought risk.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.655-666
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• 2021

Purpose: This study is to develop a method for measuring dynamic speeding risks using vehicle trajectory big data and to demonstrate the feasibility of the devised speeding index. Method: The speed behaviors of vehicles were analysed in microscopic space and time using individual vehicle trajectories, and then the boundary condition of speeding (i.e., boundary speed) was determined from the standpoint of crash risk. A novel index for measuring the risk exposure of speeding was developed in microscopic space and time with the boundary speed. Result: A validation study was conducted with vehicle-GPS trajectory big data and ground-truth vehicle crash data. As a result of the analysis, it turned out that the index of speeding-risk exposure has a strong explanatory power (R²=0.7) for motorway traffic accidents. This directly indicates that speeding behaviors should be analysed at a microscopic spatiotemporal dimension. Conclusion: The spatial and temporal evolution of vehicle velocity is very variable. It is, hence, expected that the method presented in this study could be efficaciously employed to analyse the causal factors of traffic accidents and the crash risk exposure in microscopic space using mobility trajectory data.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.660-668
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• 2017

In this study, we conducted an assessment of the risks posed by the noxious chemicals often handled at the analysis centers of organizations involved in Work Environment Measurement (WEM) using the Chemical Hazard Risk Management (CHARM) system. For this purpose, six organizations involved in WEM located in Seoul and Gyeonggi, which conducted the risk assessment, were selected and, as a result, 29 materials were selected as chemical substances presenting a risk of exposure. In terms of their physical properties, there were 16 liquid and 10 solid materials, and for the special management materials (CMR), the findings were as follows: 'Carcinogenic' 1A - 11 and 1B - 1 (2 - 8); 'Mutagenic' 1A - 4 and 1B - 3 (2 - 8); and 'Repro-toxic' 1A - 0 and 1B - 1 (2 - 6). In the risk estimation, 30.4%, 66.1% and 3.6% of the materials presented 'low', 'average' and 'high' risks, respectively. In addition, two of these six institutions had materials presenting a 'high' risk. This study is significant in that the risk assessment was conducted using CHARM, a chemical substance assessment tool. It is expected that the results will be utilized as the basic data for safety assessment, the establishment of a plan for emergency measures and drawing up a safety management manual, and the institutional and legal management of accidents and risks in the analysis centers of organizations involved in WEM and the management of chemicals by drawing attention to the risks involved.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.1037-1049
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• 2015

The most of natural disasters that occur in North Korea are flood, typhoon and damage from heavy rain. The damage caused by those disasters since the mid-1990s is aggravating North Korea's economic difficulties every year. By recognizing the seriousness of the damages from the floods, the North Korean government has carried out the river maintenance, farmland restoration, land readjustment and afforestation projects since the last-1990s, but it has failed preventing the damages. In order to estimate the degree of flood risk regarding damage from chronic floods that occur inveterately in North Korea, this research conducted an additional simulation for rainfall-runoff analysis to reflect the characteristics of the ungauged area that make foreign countries hard to obtain the hydrological data and do not open the topographical data to public. In addition, this research estimates the degree of flood risk by selecting the factors of the hazard, exposure and vulnerability by following the standards of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

• The Optical Journal
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• s.105
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• pp.27-29
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• 2006

레이저 광선이 가져다준 많은 장점과 편리함에 비하면 레이저의 위험성이라는 부정적인 요소가 차지하는 비중은 미미하다고 볼 수 있다. 그러나 우려되는 것은 레이저를 생산하거나 이용하는 공장의 작업장을 비롯하여, 수술 또는 치료용으로 사용하는 의료기관의 수가 지속적으로 늘어나고 있음을 감안할 때, 이러한 장소에서 레이저를 동작시키는 사용자를 포함한 주변사람이 레이저광선에 직접 또는 간접적으로 노출되어 사고를 당할 확률도 그만큼 높아지고 있다는 점이다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.9-13
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• 2004

지하로부터 채굴되는 천연가스의 황화수소가스 농도가 일정 수준 이상이면 이를 사우어가스(sour gas)분위기라고 하는데, 이러한 분위기에 강재가 노출되면 수소유기균열(hydrogen induced cracking, 이하 'HIC균열'이라고 함)이 발생할 위험성이 높아진다.(중략)