• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.159-184
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• 1988

Race and ethnicity are important factors which influence the elderIy's residential adjustment behaviors, although it is unclear whether this reflects influences unrelated to race and ethnlcity. Culturally, the norm of family supportoften obseved among various minority ethnic groups is likely to provide flexible family suppof for the elderIy. Economically, the life-long hardship ofminority groups is likely to force them to maintain extended family living arrangements simply to reduce expenses via economies of scale. Thecontroversy about the economic need versus the cultural prescription forextended living arrangements remains unresoIved because it fails to articulatethe meaning of family supports among many disadvantaged groups.This study aims to test previous economic and cultural arguments, byexamining ethnic differences iu the eiderIy's responsiveness to their health andeconomic problems. Two hypotheses about cultural influences on the elderly's resideutiai adjustment are examined. First, do elderly minorities receive famiiysupporis for longer periods when they are poor if economic and health status\ulcorner Second, do elderiy minorities receive family supports more often when their health status declines\ulcorner Using the Longitudinal Suvey on Aging from 1984 to 1990. this study employs Markovian multi-state life tables, and discrete and contonuous competing hazard analyses for the transition in living arrangements. The main results provide substantial evidence against the cultural resource thesis. Elderly minorities experience more frequent transition between living alone and living with relatives than white elderly persons when group differences in the extent of mortality and insititutionalization are controlled. The shorter timf of living alone among elderly monorities stems from their greater likehood of joining relatives as well as greater mortality and attrition rates than elderly whites. Coresidence of elderly whites with their relatives is more likely to occur in response to their needs for health care than of elderly whites. it implies that instability. not flezibility. characterrizes elderly minorities living arrangements.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.57-78
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• 2004

The economic crisis in $1997{\sim}1998$ caused massive unemployment and unprecedentedly increased the number of the poor in Korea. As many unemployed families fell into poverty, the poverty rate skyrocketed to higher than 10 percent. Not later than 2000, unemployment late got back to normal and real average income among urban households approached to the income level prior to the economic crisis. Although the economic crisis has been passed through, poverty was not decreased to the low level prior to the crisis by 2000. Why does it remain high? This study attempts to provide an answer to this question by analysing the poverty trend over the 1990s. Data come from the National Survey of Household Income and Expenditures 1991, 1996, and 20001. Results show that poverty was rapidly reduced in the first half period of the 1990s. This reduction in poverty is largely explained by steady and rapid economic growth. Modest improvement in income inequality also contributed. In contrast, the poverty rate considerably increased in the latter half of the 1990s. Average income was not fully recovered to its prior level, which reflected the economic crisis and the subsequent economic stagnation. Worsened income inequality led to higher poverty rate too. In addition, demographic changes increased the share of economically vulnerable types of families, such as families headed by single parents and the elderly. The most significant factor in explaining the higher poverty rate was extended income differential among non-elderly adults, while the next was the increased number of the elderly families. Yet, findings a little differ depending on which concepts of poverty to adopt. In the analyses based on the concept of absolute poverty, economic growth the most significantly affected the poverty trends in the 1999s. Changes in income inequality played the most important role in explaining the trend in relative poverty. Adopting the concepts of quasi-absolute poverty, which is preferred in this study, results show that rapid economic growth significantly reduced poverty in the first half of the 1990s and both worsened income inequality and stagnated economic growth increased poverty in the latter 1990s.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.323-334
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to grasp the actual condition for social exclusion for the elderly, to understand the predictive factors of social exclusion. To achieve this objective, the social exclusion for the elderly was examined targeting 4,040 old people in more than 65 years old by using the second data for Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing(KLoSA) in 2008 by Korea Labor Institute. First, as a result of examining the actual condition for social exclusion for the elderly, the old people were indicated to be 45.4% for economic exclusion, 78.7% for working exclusion, 17.8% for residing exclusion, 43.8% for health exclusion, 33.7% for educational exclusion, and 34.3% for social-activity exclusion. Second, the possibility to be excluded economically was indicated to be bigger in the older age, in a case of not residing in a city and in the more number in household members. The possibility to be excluded from working was indicated to be higher in a case that old person is woman, in the older age, in a case that old person’s religion is christianity, in a case without spouse, in the more residing in a city, in a case that a household type is poor, in a case of dwelling in apartment, in the more number in household members. The possibility to be excluded from residing was indicated to be higher, in a case without spouse, in the more residing in a city, in a case that a household type is poor, in a case that a residing house type is general house, and in the less number in children. The possibility to be excluded from education was indicated to be higher in a case that old person is woman, in the older age, in a case that religion is not Christianity, in a case without spouse, in a case of not residing in a city, in a case that a household type is poor, in a case of the more children alive. The possibility to be excluded from health was indicated to be higher in a case that old person is woman, in the older age and in a case that a household type is poor. The possibility to be excluded from social activity was indicated to be higher in a case that old person is woman, in the older age, in a case that religion is not Christianity, in a case that a household type is poor, in a case of dwelling in apartment. This study has value as a basic research on social exclusion for the elderly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.77-88
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• 2019

This study is empirically intended to look into the effects of basic income security on poverty elimination and life independence in income security policies. To achieve this, poverty elimination and life independence through the national pension and basic pension as old-age pension for basic income security and the unemployment benefit and livelihood benefit as employment insurance were determined as dependent variables. The 10th data from Korea Welfare Panel Study were used in the statistical package program to analyze these variables. The overall findings showed that the national pension and basic pension as part of the old-age pension had a positive effect on poverty elimination and life independence. The unemployment benefit and livelihood benefit of employment insurance were not significant and they were rejected. And poverty elimination had a significant effect on life independence and it was adopted. Consequently, the old-age pension is a pensionable income security policy given to all the elderly with lower income, which it is very useful for guaranteeing a basic income. Poverty elimination leads to life independence through the guarantee of a certain basic income, suggesting that they are closely related to each other.

• 한국노년학
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.501-512
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• 2012

This is the second research to explore the actual condition of the old women prostitutes serving the old men (so-called 'Bacchus Azumma') in qualitative method. For this, 14 old women prostitutes, aged 38~73, were interviewed as research participants: 9 are korean and 4 are korean-chinese and 1 is chinese. The data obtained through the depth interviews were analyzed using a qualitative analytic method. As a result, three types according to the purpose of approach (heavy petting-intent type, intercourse-intent type, and criminal-intent type) and two types according to occupation or not (full-time type and part-time type) are found. The social concerns and measures on Bacchus Azumma are needed.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.61
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• pp.59-91
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• 2018

Using a Consensus Qualitative Research approach, this study aimed to identify the ageism and explore age-integration as a solution of age discrimination that occurs during the delivery of medical services by nine healthcare professionals who have experience in treating elderly patients. There were two-sided confession has shown by health care professionals about the Ageism. They reported that they don't discriminate by age. However, They also appealed an inconvenience due to the elderly. There were real Ageism in the Healthcare Professional site as a way of Unsuitable care, elderly alienation and dependence on caregivers, polarization of medical service and double discrimination against poor elderly. They found it difficult to offer age integrated health care as a means to mitigate or solve. However they have sought to break barriers to communication, provided a comfortable environment not only for senior citizens but also for all others, and have diversified institutional and service standards. To ensure the healthy life and proper medical service of the rapidly increasing elderly patients, we proposed to do critical review of the factors in the Korean medical system that accelerate the Ageism, reorganization of the health care system for the poor elderly, including the curriculum associated with age-integrating within the health care professional education system, raising the Geriatric Medical Service and the relating professionals and improvements in perception of the health care domains for the elderly and older adults.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.95-96
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• 2012

우리나라는 인구의 고령화가 급속하게 진전되어 총인구 중 65세 이상의 비율이 향후 급증할 것으로 전망되고 있다. 따라서 경찰활동과 관련하여 고령화에 따른 노령인구에 대한 치안서비스의 준비가 논의되어야 할 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 노령인구를 주 대상으로 하여 경찰의 치안서비스 강화에 대해 연구하고자 한다. 고령화에 따른 예상되는 문제점으로 첫째, 노인빈곤과 관련된 생계형 범죄의 증가이다. 이는 생계형 범죄뿐만 아니라 노인자살의 문제를 야기할 수 있는 요소가 된다. 둘째, 사회활동의 증가에 따른 교통사고의 증가이다. 셋째, 노인의 인지능력 저하를 이용한 사기와 같은 재산범죄 증가이다. 이와 같은 현상에 경찰의 사전적 적극적인 시급한 대응이 필요하다. 변화하는 사회적 환경의 변화 속에서 노령인구를 대상으로 한 전문적인 치안서비스가 전개되어야 한다. 노령인구의 범죄피해를 차단할 수 있으며, 또한 노령인구가 범죄의 가해자로서 변질되지 않도록 대안이 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.708-716
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of low-income urban elders by diversified ways, and to analyze the risk factors for malnutrition. Methods: The participants in this study were 183 low-income elders registered at a visiting healthcare facility in a public health center. Data were collected using anthropometric measurements, and a questionnaire survey. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, Fisher's exact test, multiple logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS 20.0. Results: Regarding the nutritional status of low-income elders as measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), 10.4% of the elders were classified as malnourished; 57.4% as at high risk for malnutrition; and 32.2% as having normal nutrition levels. The main factors affecting malnutrition for low-income elders were loss of appetite (OR=3.34, 95% CI: 1.16~9.56) and difficulties in meal preparation (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.13~4.88). Conclusion: In order to effectively improve nutrition in low-income urban elders, it is necessary to develop individual intervention strategies to manage factors that increase the risk of malnutrition and to use systematic approach strategies in local communities in terms of a nutrition support system.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.39-58
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors determining the participation of the poor elderly in economic activity. This study analyzed secondary data of the second wave of Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the factors that are associated with the economic activity of the poor elderly. The results of the analyses showed that age, gender, region, public assistance, education, health status, chronic illness, contacts with acquaintances, and support from children were associated with participation in economic activity. The study's findings have several implications for policies and services. The study identified the need for an age- and gender-specific approach to promoting participation in economic activity among the poor elderly. Regional differences should also be considered in the creation of work opportunities for older adults. In terms of human capital, the positive effect of good health indicates that strategies are needed to address the needs of older adults with health issues. In addition, there is a need for more jobs for elderly job seekers with high levels of education. Finally, policy makers and practitioners should explore interventions for enhancing the social network involvement and community support for the elderly living in poverty.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.589-598
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that increase of the risk for falls in low-income elders in urban areas. Methods: The participants were elderly people registered in one of public health centers in one city. Data were collected by interviewing the elders, assessing their environmental risk factors, and surveying relevant secondary data from the public health center records. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression were performed using SPSS version 14. Results: Stroke, diabetes, visual deficits, frequency of dizziness, use of assistive devices and moderate depression were statistically significant risk factors. The comorbidity of chronic diseases with other factors including depression, visual deficit, dizziness, and use of assistive devices significantly increased the risk of falls. From multiple logistic regression analysis, statistically significant predictors of falls were found to be stroke, total environmental risk scores, comorbiditiy of diabetes with visual deficits, and with depression. Conclusion: Fall prevention interventions should be multifactorial, especially for the elders with stroke or diabetes, who were identified in this study as the high risk group for falls. A fall risk assessment tool for low-income elders should include both the intrinsic factors like depression, dizziness, and use of assistive devices, and the extrinsic factors.