• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2023

The cultivation method of shiitake is divided into two methods: log cultivation and sawdust cultivation. Recently, the importance of sawdust cultivation has been highlighted due to problems such as environmental problems, rising labor costs, and a reduced labor force. Among the 24 Sawdust-cultivated Lentinula edodes cultivars in Korea stored by the National Institute of Forest Science, this study was conducted to select excellent cultivars under the sawdust block cultivation method. After inoculation, the sawdust mediums were cultured for 100 days (60 days in dark and then 40 days in light), and only Sanjo 712ho sprouted the primordia on the 10^th day of light culture (total 70 days of cultivation). As a result of cultivation, the average total yield of the 24 cultivars were 1,816 g and Sanjo 712ho was 2,267 g. The fruiting body yield was the highest in Sanjo 713ho with 3,443 g followed by Sanjo 710ho (3,355 g). Sanlim 10ho, Sansanhyang, and Sanjo 716ho showed low production with 174, 238, and 214 g, respectively. As a result of investigating the morphological characteristics of the fruit bodies, the fresh weight of Sansanhyang and Bambithyang was about twice as heavy as the overall average, and Sulbaekhyang was about twice as light. Bambithyang was the largest and longest in diameter and length of the stipe, and the thickness of the stem was the thickest in Sanjo 716ho. As for the hardness of pileus, Bambithyang showed the highest value at 1,276 g/5 mm, and Sanjo 711ho showed the lowest value at 542 g/5 mm. In summary, Bambithyang showed the best fruiting body characteristics and Sanjo 713ho showed the highest yield in the sawdust block cultivation method. This study, the cultivar with shortened cultivation periods and cultivars with excellent morphological characteristics and high yields.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 2014

This study has been conducted to investigate the treatment time and concentration of GA₃ solution dipping for labor saving in 'Campbell Early' grapevine. The rachis growth at harvest was reduced by GA₃ solution dipping before 5 days flowering, and increased significantly by GA₃ solution dipping treatment at full bloom and after 5 days full bloom. GA₃ 5, 10, 20 mg·L^-1 dipping treatment before 5 days flowering and GA₃ 20 mg·L^-1 treatment of full bloom and after 5 days full bloom showed a rachis twist phytotoxicity symptom. The optimum GA₃ concentrations for rachis growth promotion without phytotoxicity were 5 mg·L^-1 and 10 mg·L^-1. The degree of compact berry, bloom, skin color, SSC and acidity at harvest by GA₃ solution dipping treatment time between concentration were not different from those of control. But the fruit berry weight was decreased by before 5 days flowering treatment when compared with control. There were no differences in full bloom and after 5 days full bloom treatment. The occurrence percent of berry cracking at before 5 days flowering and after 5 days full bloom treatment were significantly increased by GA₃ treatment. The bitter rot occurrence of berry at harvest was not affected by GA₃ treatment. Total rachis length of fruit cluster was increased by full bloom and 5 days after full bloom treatment. The length of rachis increased without reference to them position at full bloom and 5 days after bloom treatment. Accordingly, GA₃ 5 mg·L^-1 solution dipping treatment at full bloom and 5 days after full bloom were can be effectively for rachis growth promotion.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.43
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• pp.121-143
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• 2021

The Aim of the this paper is to figure out impetus of the Naeseo Traditional Folk art Conservation Association. This Preservation Society derived from Hogaeri farmers' band. Through aging and hollowing out Hogaeri farmers' band got into a period of stagnation. In order to overcome slump villager and people of a township organized a conservation society in 1994. Members restored and directed folk song which from age to age for performance. are designated as cultural asset in 2017. Sutguldeong song is only song in inland area. This song are worthy of notice in . which is consist of various agricultural work songs experienced two changes. Rice-planting songs are characteristic. Especially, Executive playing a central role harden foundation of the Preservation Society. The mainspring of activity is the sense of responsibility. Preservation Society laying emphasis on recruiting new members. Preservation Society is planning to develop curriculum for Jurisdiction elementary and middle school students. This Preservation Society is made up of First generation members and Second generation members. First generation members who are born and bred in Hogaeri have been good friends both in joy and in sorrow Early days of Preservation Society. So, They has a strong family bond. In order to induce membership Members are practicing Nongak, popular folk songs, dancing program. Second generation members are not conversant with a folk song. Nonetheless They have a strong mind on a member line.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 2008

This research was conducted to determine the alternative tool of chemical spray for rice cultivation using the unmanned helicopter(Yamaha, R-Max Type 2G-remote controlled system) at farmer's field in Korea. The unmanned helicopter tested was introduced form Japan. In Korea the application of chemicals by machine sprayer for pest management in rice cultivation has been ordinarily used at the farmer's level. However, it involved a relatively high cost and laborious for the small scale of cultivation per farm household. Farm population has been highly decreased to 7.5% in 2002 and the population is expected to rapidly reduce by 3.5% in 2012. In Japan, pest control depending on unmanned helicopter has been increased by leaps and bounds. This was due in part to the materialization of the low-cost production technology under agricultural policy and demand environmentally friendly farm products. The practicability of the unmanned helicopter in terms of super efficiency and effectiveness has been proven, and the farmers have understood that the unmanned helicopter is indispensable in the future farming system that they visualized. Also, the unmanned helicopter has been applied to rice, wheat, soybean, vegetables, fruit trees, pine trees for spraying chemicals and/or fertilizers in Japan Effect of disease control by unmanned helicopter was partially approved against rice blast and sheath blight. However, the result was not satisfactory due to the weather conditions and cultural practices. The spray density was also determined in this experiment at 0, 15, 30, and 60cm height from the paddy soil surface and there was 968 spots at 0cm, 1,560 spots at 15cm, 1,923 spots at 30cm, and 2,999 spots at 60cm height. However, no significant difference was found among the treatments. At the same time, there was no phytotoxicity observed under the chemical stray using this unmanned helicopter, nor the rice plant itself was damaged by the wind during the operation.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.42
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• pp.257-290
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• 2021

The Wonju Nongyo (agricultural work song) is geographically classified as eastern minyo (folk song) which has many distinctive, regional features such as tunes, forms and the use of a melodic line. There has been growing attention to the transmission value of the nongyo including the Wonju Eorirang of the Wonju Origol Nongyo and its region of origin. The Wonju Nongyo is of great value and worthy of preservation in the western part of Gangwon Province. For this reason, it seems fairer to say that a focus should be directed towards establishing the identity of the song and increasing the contextualisation of transmission. At the same time, the preservation association's efforts in passing the traditional song down and education activities fairly deserve equal attention. In addition to the way the folk songs are handed down, a discussion on the facilitation of their use will be required. An in-depth discussion about the restoration and use of the song will be encouraged in a multifaceted manner. Unfortunately, few of the previous literatures on nongyo has gone so far as to investigate Arirang as a separate research topic. In fact, the Wonju Origol Nongyo should be viewed as an intangible cultural asset that paved the way for performance artistry of the Korean agricultural work songs to be seen at a national folk art festival. From the perspective of regional characteristics (traditionally termed "tori"), the Wonju Eorirang represents the cultural value of the manners and customs of our locals which constitute unwritten and neglected literary property and musicality of the song. Particularly, a more attention should be paid to making a record of woodcutters and diversity of farmers' small cooperative groups. The existence of the Wonju Eorirang indicates that the melodies to which the song are sung in Nongyo are of infinite variety. A minyo-singer unfolds various journeys of life through various modes and structure of epic chants, ranging from first encounter, love to marriage, realistic problems to relationship with husband's family and death. The epic chant of the Wonju Origol Nongyo contains a rich variety of regional sentiments about life. In particular, the epic chants of the Galtteukgisor and Ssoeltteukgisori are a genius example of sexual satire and a sense of humor. In the past, the agricultural work songs were rhythmic songs served to synchronize physical movements in groups, coordinating tasks in upland farming and rice paddy with the usage of catchy, repetitive verses easy to pass down. The Wonju Origol Nongyo is a precursor of the work songs which took the farming activities a notch higher to be part of the excitement and festivals. In the context of transmission, a festival serves to demonstrate the value of history and life. The value of the Wonju Eorirang should be appreciated and a concerted effort should be made to find a way to facilitate the transmission of the folk song. A folk-singer is a traditional oral poet and a storyteller of minyo and the forms and species of melody solely depend on the signer. The combination of performance and witticism is shown by the singer freely expressing himself. The Origol Nongyo symbolizes ethnic arts cleverly combining playful effects such as tune, rhythm and old agricultural work of the region. It is to be hoped that much of the efforts is directed to designating such folk songs as the archetype of a cultural heritage. In terms of the foundation on which the folk songs are transmitted, the usage(Performance Content) of a community would be an alternative.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.59-71
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• 2009

Objectives：The present study has been undertaken to investigate the effects of Mantidis $O\ddot{O}theca$ and Mori Fructus on treatment of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Methods： In this experiment, the rats were ovariectomized. Rats were administered by Mantidis $O\ddot{O}theca$ and Mori Fructus. The levels of bone mineral density, osteocalcin.ALP.calcium.phosphorus in serum, calcium. phosphorus.deoxypyridinoline in urine and calcium.phosphorus.ash weight in bone were measured. Results： 1. The levels of femoral and fibula-tibial bone mineral density were significantly increased in comparison with OVX group at 4, 8 weeks in Mantidis $O\ddot{O}theca$ group. And the levels of femoral and fibula-tibial bone mineral density were significantly increased in comparison with OVX group at 8 weeks in Mori Fructus group. 2. The levels of serum osteoclacin and ALP showed significant decrease in comparison with OVX group at 4, 8 weeks in Mantidis $O\ddot{O}theca$ and Mori Fructus group. The levels of serum calcium showed significant decrease in comparison with OVX group at 4 weeks in Mantidis $O\ddot{O}theca$ and Mori Fructus group. The levels of serum phosphorus showed significant decrease in comparison with OVX group at 4, 8 weeks in Mantidis $O\ddot{O}theca$ and Mori Fructus group. 3. The levels of urine calcium, phosphorus and deoxypyridinoline showed significant decrease in comparison with OVX group in Mantidis $O\ddot{O}theca$ and Mori Fructus group. 4. The levels of fibula-tibial calcium and phosphorus showed significant increase in comparison with OVX group in Mantidis $O\ddot{O}theca$ group and Mori Fructus group. The levels of femoral calcium and phosphorus showed significant increase in comparison with OVX group in Mori Fructus group. The levels of femoral and fibula-tibial ash weight showed significant increase in comparison with OVX group in Mantidis $O\ddot{O}theca$ group and Mori Fructus group. Conclusions： Reviewing these experimetal results, it appeared that Mantidis $O\ddot{O}theca$ and Mori Fructus had efficacy on treatment of osteoporosis.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.19-34
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• 2023

The proportion of single-person households has been steadily increasing, and the young account for the highest proportion at 35.9% among all single-person households. However, research on young single-person households has been relatively recent. Research on single-person households has mostly focused on all single-person households or elderly single-person households, and comparative research between different age groups is lacking. Therefore, this study categorizes all single-person households into young, middle-aged, and elderly groups to investigate the differences in the factors that affect their residential satisfaction and to analyze how these residential environment factors affect life satisfaction through the mediating effect of residential satisfaction. The 2020 Seoul Survey Urban Policy Index Survey data were analyzed using a structural equation model to investigate the impact of each factor. First, a finding is that various residential environment factors directly affect residential satisfaction and life satisfaction. Next, it was found that residential satisfaction directly affects life satisfaction in the models of young and middle-aged single-person households. Through this, it was confirmed that there are differences in residential environment factors that affect residential satisfaction and that residential satisfaction plays an important mediating role. Finally, it was found that the factors that affect the residential and life satisfaction of young single-person households are more diverse compared to other age groups. This study provides policy implications that age group differences should be considered first in order to improve the residential and life satisfaction of single-person households. In particular, for young single-person households, it is necessary to consider more diverse alternatives to improve their residential and life satisfaction.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.73.4-74
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• 2021

한국천문연구원은 2017년 제1차 구술채록사업에 이어 2020년 제2차 사업을 진행하면서 최초로 원외 원로에 대한 구술채록을 시도하였다. 국가 대표 천문연구의 산실로서 연구원 존재 의의를 확립하기 위하여 원내 원로에 국한되었던 구술자 대상을 확장한 것이다. 그 첫 외부 구술 대상자로 방득룡 전임 노스웨스턴 천문학과 교수를 선정하여 2020년 7월부터 준비단계에 들어갔다. 방득룡 전(前)교수가 첫 번째 한국천문연구원 원외 인사 구술자로 선정된 이유는, 그가 우리나라 천문대1호 망원경 구매 선정에 개입한 서신(1972년)이 자료로 남아있었기 때문이다. 한국천문연구원에서 2017년에 수행한 제1차 구술채록사업에서 구술자로 참여한 오병렬 한국천문연구원 원로가 기증한 사료들은 대부분 연구원 태동기 국립천문대 구축과 망원경 구매 관련 자료였으며 이 가운데 1972년 당시 과학기술처 김선길 진흥국장에게 Boller and Chivesns(사(社))의 반사경을 추천한 방득룡 전(前)교수의 서신은 한국 천문학 발전사에서 중요한 사료였다. 연구진은 이 자료를 시작으로, 방득룡 전(前)교수의 생존 여부와 문서고의 공기록물들에서 그의 흔적을 찾아가기 시작했다. 놀랍게도 그는 실제 세계와 한국천문연구원 문서고 깊숙이 기록물들 모두에서 상존하고 있었다. 1927년생인 방득룡 전(前)교수, Dr. John D. R.은 미국 플로리다 한 실버타운에서 건강한 정신으로 생존하여 있었고 연구진의 인터뷰에 흔쾌히 응했다. 2020년 9월 16일에 한국천문연구원 본원 세종홀 2층 회의실에서 영상통신회의로 그와의 구술인터뷰가 진행되었다. 이 구술인터뷰는 원외 인사가 대상이란 점 외에도 방법적으로는 전형적인 대면 방식이 아닌 영상 인터뷰였다는 점에서 코로나 시대의 대안이 되는 실험적 시도였다. 현대 한국천문학 발전사의 재조명 측면에서도 의미가 있었다. 1960년대 초반부터 1992년 정년퇴임까지 30년을 미국 유수 대학교 천문학과 교수로 재직하며 활발한 활동을 해 온 한국계 천문학자가 우리나라 최초 반사망원경 구매 선정에 적극 개입하였던 역사는, 공문서 자료들과 서신 사료들에 이어 그의 육성으로 나머지 의구심의 간극이 채워졌다. 또 구술자 개인이 주관적으로 중요하다고 여기는 '기억'이 중요한 아카이빙 콘텐츠 확장의 단초가 될 수 있다는 것을 보여줌으로써 구술사 연구에 있어서도 중요한 관점을 주었다. 애초 연구진이 방득룡 전(前)교수의 공식 기록에서 아카이빙의 큰 줄기로 잡았던 것은 1948년 도미, 1957년 위스콘신 대학교 천문학 박사학위 취득, 1962년부터 노스웨스턴 대학(일리노이주 에반스턴)의 천문학 교수진, 1992년 은퇴로 이어진 생애였다. 그러나 그와의 구술 준비 서신 왕래와 구술을 통하여 알게 된 그가 인생에서 중요시 여겼던 지점은, 1948년 도미 무렵 한국의 전쟁 전 상황과 당시 비슷한 시기에 유학한 한국 천문학자들의 동태, 그리고 1957년부터 1962년까지 프린스턴 대학교에서 M. Schwarzschild 교수와 L. Spitzer 교수를 보조하며 Stratoscope Project를 연구하였던 경험이었다. 기록학적 의미에서도, 전자를 통해서 그와 함께 동시대 한국 천문학을 이끌었던 인재들의 맥락정보를 얻을 수 있었으며, 후자를 통해서는 세계 천문학사에 큰 영향을 미친 석학에 대한 아카이브 정보와의 연계 지점과 방득룡 전(前)교수의 연구 근원을 찾을 수 있었다. 이들은 추후 방득룡 콘텐츠 서비스 시에 AIP, NASM, Lyman Spitzer 콘텐츠, 평양천문대, 화천조경천문대, 서울대와 연세대, 그리고 한국천문연구원까지 연계되어 전 세계 폭넓은 이용자들의 유입을 유도할 수 있는 검색 도구가 될 수 있다. 이번 방득룡 구술사 연구에서 구술자 개인의 주관적인 소회가 공식 기록이 다가갈 수 없는 역사적 실체에 일정 부분 가까울 수 있다는 것, 그리고 이를 통하여 개인의 역사는 공동체의 역사로 확장될 수 있다는 사실을 발견할 수 있었다. 또 연구진은 방득룡 전(前)교수의 회상을 통하여 구술자 개인의 시각으로 한국과 미국 천문학계의 공동체 역사를 재조명할 수 있었고, 이것을 아카이브 콘텐츠 확장 서비스에 반영할 수 있다는 기대를 가지게 되었다. 무엇보다 이 연구를 통하여 다양한 주제의 아카이브로 연동될 수 있는 주제어와 검색도구를 구술자 개인의 회상으로부터 유효하게 도출할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 향후 한국천문 구술아카이브의 확장을 통하여 보다 다양한 활용과 연구 재활용의 선순환이 가능하다는 것도 알 수 있었다. 이는 최근 기록학계에서 대두되고 있는 LOD(Linked Open Data)의 방향성과도 흡사하여 한국천문학 구술사연구의 차세대 통합형 기록관리의 미래모형을 기대케 하는 대목이다.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.19-34
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• 2018

This study was initiated because many studies would be necessary to promote Korean ginseng products when the sales of Korean ginseng are declining and many Korean ginseng farmers are facing economic difficulties. The increase in domestic sales is important, but this study is targeting for foreigner's perceptions of Korean ginseng and how to improve the products. The goal of this study is to analyze how to increase their purchase intentions of Korean ginseng products. Questionnaire survey research methods were used to learn more about making certain improvements to ginseng products, consumers are hoping, how affect their perceptions and purchase intentions of Korean ginseng, as well as how foreigners' perceptions of Korean ginseng products affects purchase intentions. Because it's difficult to find any studies about foreigner's Korean ginseng purchase intentions, the survey was expanded to include how people take care of their health, the accessibility of purchasing ginseng products, psychological factors as well as consumer characteristics, satisfaction with Korean ginseng, and intentions of buying Korean ginseng products. The result of the analysis on how making certain desired improvements to and perceptions of Korean ginseng products affect purchase intentions indicated that Korean ginseng perceptions highly affected the purchase intentions; however making certain improvements to ginseng products showed a low impact on the purchase intentions. In other words, making certain improvements, such as convenience of the ginseng products, doesn't affected Korean ginseng purchase intentions directly. On the other hand, it showed that the usefulness, its high quality, and safety trust of Korean ginseng have a big impact on purchasing intentions. If the ginseng that is grown and processed in Korea is better promoted for its high value, the Korean ginseng farmers who are facing many economic difficulties will be able to raise their income.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.91-98
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• 2016

This aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of phosphate on the quality properties of the surimi-like materials. Surimi-like materials as a control was prepared with beef heart by three times of washing treatment. Three types of surimi-like materials were manufactured by different conditions(T1: 2% salt, T2: 1.95% salt+0.05% phosphate, T3: 1.90% salt+0.10% phosphate). The moisture content was significantly lower in T1 than the control, and T3 sample had the highest crude protein content(P<0.05). The cooking loss was significantly lower in T2 than the control, and T2 sample had the highest water-holding capacity(P<0.05). The lightness and whiteness values were significantly lower in the treatment samples compared to the control sample; whereas redness values was higher than the control(P<0.05). Beef heart surimi-like materials added with salt and phosphate had higher in texture properties in the control, and T3 sample had the highest hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness values(P<0.05). Therefore, the addition of phosphate could increase the protein content and gel properties as well as water-holding capacity of surimi-like materials from beef heart.