• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 1989

Forage productivity of cropping systems of rye - silage corn, silage corn - oats, silage corn - rape was studied in the south-eastern part of Korea where rice black-streaked dwarf virus(RBSDV) infection of corn are severe. Rye(cv. Paldanghomil) was planted on Oct. 20 of 1986 and harvested 10 times from April 5 to May 5 at the 5-day intervals in 1987, corn (cv. Suweon 19 and Jinjuok) was planted 5 times from April 5 to May 15 at the 10-day intervals in 1987, and oats(cv. Megwiri) and rape (cv. Velox) were planted 4 times from Sept: 4 to 25 at the 7-day intervals and harvested 4 times from Nov. 10 to Dec. 10 at the 10-day intervals in 1987. Considering yield, nutrition value, and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), forage productivity of the cropping systems was compared. As harvesting time of rye delayed, plant height, dry matter(DM) yield, percent DM, crude fiber, and digestible DM yield increased, but crude protein, crude fat, and IVDMD decreased. However, nitrogen free extract was not different among the harvesting dates. As planting date of corn delayed, RBSDV infection rate increased. but DM yield of silage decreased. However, silage yield of Jinjuok was higher, but RBSDV infection rate was lower compared with Suweon 19 at all planting dates. DM yield of oats and rape decreased as planting date delayed. However, at Sept. 4 and 11 plantings yield of oats on Nov. 10 was much lower than that of rape, but the differences in yield between two crops decreased with delayed harvesting, and yield was similar on Dec. 10. A cropping system harvesting rye around April 20 and followed by planting corn in late April was best among the rye-corn systems considering yield and nutrition value of both crops. However, among the corn-oats or corn-rape cropping systems early April planting of corn and followed by early Sept. planting of oats or rape showed best results with similar yield potential of the best rye-corn cropping system.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the reproductive and growing performances in sow farms located in Chungnam. Data collected from a total of 15 sow farms divided into 3 farm groups for 1 year were analyzed. The results obtained were as follows; The average of sow at small and large farms were 114.25 and 487.88 heads, respectively. And then, the difference among 3 groups in sow farm was not found significantly in farrowing rate. The significant difference among 3 farm groups was significantly found(p<0.05) in total litter size. The litter size born alive at sucking in small sow farm and middle farms were 9.93, and 10.48 pigs. The difference between small and large farms in number of pigs at weaning were significantly shown 8.89, and 9.35 pigs(p<0.05), respectively. The difference among 3 sow farms for ages at weaning showed significantly (p<0.05). The cycles of farrowing rate per year in small, large and middle farms were 2.17, 2.23 and 2.32, respectively. The significant difference among 3 sow groups was found in farrowing rate(p<0.05). The growing rate up to weaning for middle farms was significantly the higher level(94.70%) than that for other farms(p<0.05). The differences among 3 farm groups for marketing weight were not significantly shown.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.685-698
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• 1996

Southern Louisiana has one of the largest Vitnamese refrgee neighborhoods after the mid-1970s. It is impressive that one of their adaptive strategies comes from their religious lives which are centered on either Catholicism or Buddhism. The Buddhism community, especially, exhibits an exotic symbolic system of value and attitude, and thus contributes to cultural diversity in the adopted country. The landscape of the Buddhist temple is a visible symbol to them that the host socirty accepts their maintenance of their own cultural identity and that they are also an integral part of American society. Their making-place and being-in-place procedures, although their culture is being transformed in the original shape, put an emphasis on interaction with the host xociety. These procedures have been facilitated by consolidating their identity as a minority group as well as by interacting with the host society. The on-going influx of foreign immigrant groups seems not to drive them to assimilate into the melting-pot society, but to contribute to contribute to the increase in the cultural diversity of the United States.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.273-302
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• 2006

The introduction of cash payments for care is a distinct trend that characterizes changes in care policies since the 1990s. Recently, many developed countries have newly introduced or extended cash payments for care that allow care users to be able to plan themselves for their cares instead of receiving direct care services from the state. Cash payments for care can be said to be one of the alternative policies by which user choices are extended, and it becomes possible to establish demand-cantered care delivery systems more economically and effectively, hence addressing the issue of the financial limitations and rigid systems that are common in modern welfare states, which make it difficult to response to various needs. However, the design and administration of cash for care vary across different countries. Such variations of cash for care policies influence on the combination of consumerism (based on liberal market values intrinsic in the care market) and citizenship based on social solidarity. Those variations eventually produce impacts on the balance of responsibilities and the roles of families, the state and market regarding care in other words, balancing of welfare pluralism. This paper has attempted to find general meanings and particularity of cash for care polices in modem welfare states by means of looking at the characteristics of cash for care policies of four different countries (Netherlands, France, Germany and Italy) and their impacts on their care market. If the four countries are ranked by the degree that they emphasize citizenship in light with social rights, the Netherlands, France, Germany and Italy could be placed in due order. From an economic point of view and in terms of cost containment, those countries will be placed in an inverse order, It is apparent that in the course of planting cash for care policies in the existing social systems involving different socio-cultural conditions and labour markets, sometimes more emphasis is placed on the citizenship of care users, family carers and care providers than on cost containment issue, and sometimes vice versa. Behind this lies the process of different social valuation on what care is about; who can better deliver care; who should be responsible for care; how responsibilities should be shared and so on.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.52
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• pp.73-91
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• 2017

This study is based on the political and economic standpoint of each country, Use advanced equipment to prevent new terrorism from causing widespread damage, In order to establish a countermeasures against terrorism in accordance with the reality of Korea, which is effective in responding to terrorist attacks, Korea conducted a SWOT analysis of the terrorist environment and terrorist environment through specialists. First, internal strengths of Korea 's terrorist environment include stable security situation, weakness of religious and ethnic conflicts, strong regulation and control of firearms, and counter terrorism capabilities and know - how accumulated during major international events. Second, the internal weaknesses of the terrorist environment in Korea include the insecurity of the people, the instability caused by the military confrontation with North Korea, the absence of anti-terrorism law system, the difficulty of terrorism control and management by the development of the Internet and IT technology. Third, the external opportunities for Korea 's terrorist environment are as follows: ease of supplementation and learning through cases of foreign terrorism failure, ease of increase of terrorist budget and support with higher terrorism issues, strengthening of counterterrorism through military cooperation with allied nationsRespectively. Fourth, the external threats to the terrorist environment in Korea are the increase of social dissatisfaction due to the continuous influx of defectors and foreign workers, the goal of terrorism from international terrorist organizations through alliance with the United States,Increased frequency of incidents, and increased IS coverage of terrorism around the world. In addition, the SWOT in - depth interviews on the terrorist environment of the expert group were conducted to diagnose and analyze the problems, terrorism awareness and legal system in the Korean terror environment. The results of the study are summarized as follows.First, the basic law on terrorism should be enacted.Second, the establishment of an integrated anti-terrorism organization.Third, securing and nurturing specialized personnel in response to terrorism.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.6 s.96
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• pp.875-881
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate work analysis and productivity of school foodservice systems through Questionnaire. The subjects Participated in this survey were 342 cook who engaged in school foodservice. The results were as follows : Average number of meal produced by a cook was 114 meals and 85 meals in conventional and commissary foodservice, respectively. Average lead time per meal were 7.65 and 9.37 minutes in conventional and commissary foodservice. It was no significant in average lead time per meal before noon were 2.86 and 3.35 minutes, as working time before dining and total working time of commissary foodservice required more time than conventional foodservice in conventional and commissary foodservice.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.443-448
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• 1996

In order to investigate the function of xylA promoter(Pxyl) as regulatory region Pxyl-lacZ fusion gene was constructed by the insertion of xylA promoter to the multiple cloning site of upstream of lacZ gene in a multicopy numbered plasmid pMC1403 containing promoterless lac operon, which was designated pMCX191, and Pxyl-lacZ fragment from pMCX191 was inserted to low copy numbered plasmid pLG339, designated pLGX191. The expressions of ${\beta}-galactosidase$ in these recombinant plasmids containing Pxyl-lacZ fusion gene were induced strongly by the addition of xylose, repressed by the addition of 0.2% glucose in the presence of xylose. The catabolite repressions were derepressed by the addition of 1 mM cAMP as same as native xylA gene. The fragment of xylA promoter was partially deleted from the upstream of xylA promoter by exonuclease III to investigate the regulation site of xylA promoter and the degrees of deletion derivatives of xylA promoter were analyzed by the DNA base sequencing. By the investigations of the induction by xylose, repression by glucose and derepression by cAMP on xylose isomerase production, the regulation site of xylA promoter may be located in segment between -165 and -59 bp upstream from the initiation site of xylA translation.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.430-436
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• 1996

The induction by xylose and repression by glucose of xylose isomerase(XI) were investigated to elucidate the regulation for production of XI in Escherichia coli. Regulation for expression of xyIA gene which codes XI is under control of xylR which is a regulatory gene for xylose catabolism. When xyIR gene was resided in chromosome, the inductions of XI by the addition of 0.4% xylose were increased to 1.9 and 1.7-fold in case of locating on multicopy(pEX202/DH77) and low copy Plasmid(pEX102/DH77), respectively, as compared with that of xylA gene which was resided in chromosome(JM109). xyIR gene product derived from xyIR gene on chromosome might react to xylA gene on the plasmid as same as xylA gene on chromosome. In JM109 and xylA transformant; pEX202/DH77 and pEX102/DH77, the inductions of XI were completely repressed by the addition of 0.2% glucose and these catabolite repressions were derepressed by the addition of 1 mM cAMP In comparison with the addition of 0.4% xylose only for the induction XI was inductively produced 1.7 to 2-fold with the addition of xylose plus 1 mM cAMP in DM minimal media. pEX13/TP2010, xylA transformant of the deficient mutant($xyl^-,\;cya^-$; TP2010) of XI and cAMP production, did not induce XI by the addition of xylose only but induced in case of simultaneous addition of xylose and cAMP. These results show that cAMP and xylose are the indispensable effectors for the induction and derepression of Xl in E. coli.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of onion and garlic juice on the lipid oxidation of fish oil as antioxidants and quality characteristics of fish muscle. The samples were treated with onion and garlic juice at 5%(w/w) or 10%(w/w) of fish muscle, and stored at 4$\pm$1$\^{C}$ and -18$\pm$2$\^{C}$ for 7 and 42 days, respectively. The results of this study were as follows: Lipid oxidation in samples was measured by AV, POV and TBA value. AV and TBA values of the samples treated with 5% onion and garlic juice were lower than those treated with l0% onion and garlic juice. POV of the samples treated with onion were lower than those treated with garlic juice. Lightness and yellowness of the sample were the highest in 10% onion and garlic juice-treated ones. The score of overall quality in sensory evaluation was the highest in the samples treated with onion juice stored at 4$\pm$1$\^{C}$.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate total life habits of male and female adult through questionaire. Questionaire was composed of items such as perception of body shape, food habits, preference habits, the concern of the health and weight control. For this study, the subjects were divided into three groups like low-weight group, standard-weight group, over-weight group according to their body shape. The results can be summarized as follows: 7.9% of the subjects were included in low-weight group, 55.2% in standard-weight group, 36.9% in over-weight group. The subjects' perception of ideal body shape was significantly different from that of actual body shape. Males were more satisfied with their body shape than females. Most of females were unsatisfied with present their body shape and prefered slim and long body shape. Males, specially low-weight group, had adherence to smoking, alcohol and health food compared with the other groups. Food habits of males were considered to be fair compared with those of females. Meal amounts of over-weight group were significantly higher than those of the others. Low-weight group took more snacks and took a stong dislike of food. Males exercised hard and thought their health status to be fair. Low-weight group of males and standard-weight group of females considered their health status to be bad. 69% of the subjects were concerned about weight control. Low-weight group of males had a desire to gain weight while most of females had a desire to lose weight.