• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.133-135
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 현재와 미래사회의 핵심역량이 될 컴퓨팅 사고력을 학생들에게 가르치기 위한 정보 교사의 교수내용지식에 어떠한 특성이 있는지를 탐구하였다. 이전의 컴퓨터 교과는 일상적인 컴퓨터 기능을 가르치는데 집중하여 교사의 교수내용지식도 기능 전수에 큰 목적을 두고 있었다. 새로이 개정된 정보 교과는 컴퓨터 과학의 원리와 개념에 대해 학생들이 이해할 수 있는 교육방법에 대한 지식을 가져야 하고, 소프트웨어의 활용 및 소프트웨어 제작에 대한 능력과 교육 방법 또한 함께 가지고 있어야 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2017

Software education of 17 hours is essential in the elementary school in the 2015 revised curriculum. Unplugged is recommended as a teaching-learning method. Teachers should have a high level of PCK about Informatics Subject in order to utilize Unplugged. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between PCK and possibility of teaching about Informatics Subject of elementary school teachers. For this purpose, 172 elementary school teachers were surveyed. The results of this study are as follows. First, elementary school teachers confirmed that the PCK level of informatics subject is low. Second, it was confirmed that there is a high correlation between PCK and possible of teaching. This study is meaningful that it suggested a method to increase the level of PCK about informatics subject of elementary school teachers.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.545-564
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• 2009

TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) adds the technological knowledge to PCK (Shulman 1986), completing the combination of three kinds of knowledge, i.e. teacher's content knowledge (CK), pedagogical knowledge (PK), and technological knowledge (TK). In this study, I seek to design methodological ways to improve TPACK for preservice mathematics teachers by developing and analyzing team project-based classes with technology in a class of the first semester 2009 in a teacher's college in Seoul, South Korea. The goal of the team project is to design classes to teach mathematics with technology by selecting technology tools suitable for specific mathematical concepts or mathematics sections. In the early stage of the class in the college, the confidence levels among the preservice mathematics teachers were relatively low but increased in the final stage their mathematics teaching efficacy up to from 3.88 to 4.50. Also, the pre service mathematics teachers answered the team project was helpful or very helpful in developing TPACK; this result proves that lectures with technology which based on team project are excellent tools for the teacher to design classes with technology confidently. Considering the teacher's TPACK is one of the abilities to achieve the goals required in the information technology era, the preservice mathematics teachers are asked to plan and develop the lectures with technology, rather than just taught to know how to use technology tools or adapt to specific cases. Finally, we see that national-wide discussion and research are necessary to prepare customized standards and implementable plans for TPACK in South Korea.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.10
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• pp.43-58
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• 2000

교육의 질은 교사의 질에 의하여 크게 영향을 받는다고 볼 때, 수학교육의 질적 개선을 성공적으로 이끌기 위해서는 전문가로써의 자질을 갖춘 유능한 교사의 역할이 뒷받침되어야 할 것이다. 일반적으로 교사들이 갖추어야 할 지식을 크게 3가지로 나눈다면 교과의 내용에 관한 지식, 교수 방법에 관한 지식, 학생에 관한 지식으로 나누고 있다. 본고에서는 초등학교 수학 학습지도와 관련된 교과 교육학 및 교과 내용학에 관한 지식과 교사의 전문성을 개발할 수 있는 방안에 대해 개괄적으로 살펴본다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.235-249
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the nature, role and development of pedagogical content knowledge in science teaching. Two research questions were considered: 1) What are the nature and the components of the pedagogical content knowledge in science teaching? 2) What is the value of pedagogical content knowledge and are there any routes and paths to developing pedagogical content knowledge for science teachers? In order to answer these questions instead of analyzing empirical data, former research literatures are reviewed. The results indicate that science pedagogical content knowledge is a special amalgam of science content knowledge and science method knowledge in a special context of science teaching that is uniquely the province of teacher based on their own special form of professional understanding. As a part of one's own distinctive bodies of knowledge, science teachers' pedagogical content knowledge is an important basis for professional development and competent teachers. It is knowledge of how to teach specific content in specific contexts, also it depends on each teachers' distinctive knowledge structure. Pedagogical content knowledge for science teaching is composed of five components: orientations toward science teaching, knowledge and beliefs about science curriculum, knowledge and beliefs about students' understanding of specific topics, knowledge and beliefs about assessment for teaching science, knowledge and beliefs about instructional strategies for teaching science. The development of science pedagogical content knowledge does not start until teachers have acquired a deeply principled conceptual knowledge of content, also it is promoted by the constant use of subject matter knowledge in teaching situations.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.125-130
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• 2022

최근 자연어처리 연구로 지식 기반 대화에서 대화 내용에 자유로운 주제와 다양한 지식을 포함하는 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 지식 기반 대화는 대화 내용이 주어질 때 특정 지식 정보를 포함하여 이어질 응답을 생성한다. 이때 대화에 필요한 지식이 검색 가능하여 선택에 제약이 없는 오픈 도메인(Open-domain) 지식 기반 대화가 가능하도록 한다. 오픈 도메인 지식 기반 대화의 성능 향상을 위해서는 대화에 이어지는 자연스러운 답변을 연속적으로 생성하는 응답 생성 모델의 성능 뿐만 아니라, 내용에 어울리는 응답이 생성될 수 있도록 적합한 지식을 선택하는 지식 검색 모델의 성능 향상도 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 오픈 도메인 지식 기반 한국어 대화에서 지식 검색 성능을 높이기 위해 밀집 벡터 기반 검색 방식과 주제어(Keyword) 기반의 검색 방식을 함께 사용하는 것을 제안하였다. 먼저 밀집 벡터 기반의 검색 모델을 학습하고 학습된 모델로부터 고난도 부정(Hard negative) 지식 후보를 생성하고 주제어 기반 검색 방식으로 고난도 부정 지식 후보를 생성하여 각각 밀집 벡터 기반의 검색 모델을 학습하였다. 성능을 측정하기 위해 전체 지식 중에서 하나의 지식을 검색했을 때 정답 지식인 경우를 계산하였고 고난도 부정 지식 후보로 학습한 주제어 기반 검색 모델의 성능이 6.175%로 가장 높은 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.45-67
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• 2010

On the standards or elements of teaching evaluation, the Korea Institute of Curriculum and Evaluation(KICE) has carried out several research as follows : 1) establishment of observation elements for selecting examples of good instruction between 2001 and 2002, 2) development of the standards on teaching evaluation between 2004 and 2006, and 3) investigation on the elements of Pedagogical Content Knowledge including Subject Matter Knowledge between 2007 and 2008. The purpose of development of mathematics teaching evaluation standards through those studies were to improve not only mathematics teachers' professionalism but also their own teaching methods or strategies. Especially, the standards on mathematics teaching evaluation were developed based on the standards on general teaching evaluation. In this study, the standards were revised and modified by analyzing the results of those studies (namely, evaluation standards) focused on SMK. For this purpose, four domains such as the knowledge of curriculum reconstruction, knowledge of mathematical contents, methodological knowledge, mathematical value were new established based on the theories relevant to SMK and on the base of these four domains, standards or elements on teaching evaluation focused on SMK were reconstructed.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.129-148
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• 2007

Recent reform movement in mathematics education has focused not only on the curriculum development but also on teachers' learning or professional development. Whereas various theoretical paradigms call for different programs of professional development for teachers, one of the common emphases is on the pedagogical content knowledge [PCK] which encompasses contents and methods to teach. Against this background, this study developed comprehensive instructional materials for the purpose of fostering PCK in mathematics for elementary school teachers with 17 essential learning themes such as fraction, plane geometry, and area. Each loaming theme was first summarized on the basis of literature reviews and surveys in terms of knowledge in mathematics contents, knowledge in teaching methods, and knowledge in students' mathematical understanding and learning. Each theme was then analyzed in detail on how it was represented in the national curriculum and its concomitant textbooks along with workbooks. Finally, this report included a reconstruction of one unit in textbooks per each learning theme, followed by teaching notes and suggestions from classroom implementation. This was intended for teachers to apply what they might loam from this material to their actual mathematics instruction. Given the page limit, this paper dealt only with the learning theme of ratio.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2023.01a
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• pp.233-236
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 Computing Curricula 2020에서 제시하고 있는 지식 요소를 바탕으로 초등학교 실과와 중학교 정보 교과의 내용 요소의 변화를 비교·분석해 보았다. 연구 결과, 초등학교는 2022 개정 교육과정에서 총 5개의 지식 요소를 포함하였고, '컴퓨팅 시스템 기초', '디지털 디자인'과 관련한 내용 요소가 추가되었다. 중학교는 2022 개정 교육과정에서 총 11개의 지식 요소를 포함하였고, '운영체제', '지능 시스템(AI)'과 관련한 내용 요소가 추가되었다. 그 중 내용 요소의 비율이 크게 변화한 영역은 '소프트웨어 설계', '자료구조 및 알고리즘과 복잡도', '운영체제', '지능 시스템(AI)' 등이었다. 향후 연구에서는 본 연구에서 분석하지 못한 고등학교 정보과의 내용 요소를 분석해보고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.19-37
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine early childhood teachers' knowledge and the level of their knowledge on the contents of early childhood nutrition education. The subjects were 105 early childhood teachers and they were asked to draw a concept map. The number, characteristics and density of superordinate concepts on the contents of early childhood nutrition education were analyzed. The results were as follows: Firstly, the most frequent superordinate concept was dietary habits. Secondly, food culture was the highest average of the number of subordinate concepts. In a hierarchy, food culture was also the highest score. In specificity scores, food was the highest score. And the density ranged from 0.33 to 3.60. In conclusion, the teachers' knowledge structure on early childhood nutrition education could be regarded as parallel, not well-integrated, rather than hierarchical or well-organized. A variety of nutrition education and customized teacher training should be provided for early childhood teachers to offer early childhood nutrition education.