• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.164-171
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• 2005

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics, endoscopic findings and risk factors related to the upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) seen in full-term infants. Methods: A clinical analysis for 9 cases with UGIB confirmed by endoscopy was carried out retrospectively. Patients were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Eulji Hospital, from January to December 2003. Results: UGIB from gastric or duodenal mucosal lesions has been seen in 0.13% in newborns infants. All patients were full-term AGA neonates without asphyxic findings at birth. Hematemesis, melena or recurrent vomiting developed within $4.4{\pm}3.8days$ after birth. Vital sign and laboratory test was normal on admission. Endoscopic findings showed hemorrhagic gastritis in 6 cases and peptic ulcers in 3 cases. All patients were successfully managed by medical treatment for $18.6{\pm}5.0days$. On treatment, clinical symptoms improved within $0.9{\pm}0.3days$. Follow-up endoscopy was not performed because there was no recurrence of symptoms in all patients. Case mothers had no history of gastritis, ulcer or anti-ulcer medications before and during pregnancy. Conclusion: If the healthy full-term infants express UGIB within a few days after birth, it is necessary to take careful history of family, mother and delivery process and to practice endoscopy for mucosal lesions of the patients. A follow-up endoscopy dose not seem to be necessary if the infant is clinically well.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.56-59
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• 2005

Trans-posterior septal posterior arthroscopic portals are useful in performing arthroscopic diagnosis and treatment of the lesions located in posterior aspect of knee joints. Except inferior surface of posterior horn of lateral meniscus, we easily observed entire lateral compartment, especially inferior surface of anterior horn and lateral tibial condyle by figure of 4 position through posteromedial trans-posterior septal arthroscopic portal. And it was possible to obtain visual field from posterior aspect and we could use anteromedial and anterolateral portals for instrumentation without clouding. So, this procedure may be useful in performing surgery of lateral compartment especially, anterior aspect in the knee joints.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.851-854
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• 1999

Hemangioma in the esophagus is an uncommon tumor. There have only been about 30 cases reported in the world literatures. It occurs predominantly in men and although majority are asymptomatic, may cause bleeding and dysphagia. Hemangioma in the esophagus was diagnosed with a barium swallowed esophagography and endoscopy. The main treatment modes recommended are surgery and endoscopic resection. We experienced one case of cav ernous hemangioma occurring at the distal esophagus. The patient was a forty-six year old male with dysphagia and indigestion. Barium esophagogram showed a filling defect at the distal portion. Esophagoscopy showed a bluish polypoid mass. Surgical resection was per formed and the pathologic diagnosis was confirmed as cavernous hemangioma. Postoperative course was uneventful and the patient had been followed up without any problems.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.206-209
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• 2008

Tracheal tuberculosis is a relatively uncommon form of tuberculosis and can result in acute tracheal obstruction early in the disease course. This is a report of a case of tracheal tuberculosis with unusual clinical presentation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.441-444
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• 1997

Pure lipoma, originating from the trachea is a very rara disease entity A-37-ycar-old-male patient had suf'leered from intermittent episodes of dyspnea and has been treated under the diagnosis of bronchial asthma for 6 months. On chest CT scan and bronchofiberscopic examination, a round mass with the pedunculated neck was found in the mid-portion of the membranous portion of the intrathoracic trachea. Under the guide of fiberoptic bronchoscope, the mass was extirpated using polypectomy w re loop and eletrocauterization . He was discharged without any events on third postoperative day of operation and has been well without recurrence for 6 months.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 2005

Purpose: To evaluate the safety, efficacy and technical problems of the endoscopic balloon dilatation of esophageal anomalies in children. Methods: The medical records of 8 children treated by endoscopic balloon dilatation for esophageal anomalies over a 10-year period at Pusan National University Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. The balloon catheter (Maxforce TTS or CRE, Boston Scientific Co., USA) was positioned across the area of narrowing by direct visualization. The balloon was slowly inflated with normal saline to specified pressures for each balloon and maintained for 60 seconds and then deflated. After 60 seconds pause, the procedure was repeated with a larger sized balloon (increments of 1 mm for each subsequent dilation) till effective dilatation was confirmed by direct visualization without complications. Results: Three male and five female were included and their mean age was 4.2 years. A total of 27 (average of 3.2 per patient) dilatation were performed. Underlying diseases of patients are postoperative stricture of esophageal atresia in 3 cases, esophageal ring in 2 cases, achalasia, corrosive esophagitis and hypertensive LES in one case respectively. The size of initial dilating balloon was chosen on the basis of the diameter of the narrowing determined by endoscopy. The first dilation in patients with severe esophageal stricture was made with a 6 mm sized balloon. Complications observed were esophageal perforation and respiratory holding during the procedure in one case respectively. Successful outcome was seen in 6 patients (75%). Conclusion: Endoscopic balloon dilatation can provide a safe and effective mean of treating esophageal anomalies in children and should be considered the treatment of choice in the initial management of those cases.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.96-100
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• 2002

Colitis cystica profunda is a rare benign condition characterized by the presence of mucus-filled cysts in the submucosa of the colon and the rectum. Although it may diffusely involve the entire colon, this disease primarily affects the pelvic colon and rectum. It has rarely been described in the pediatric literature. The surgical treatment has been widely advocated. We report a 7-month-old case, successfully treated by colonoscopic polypectomy without complication. Histologically, components of juvenile retention polyp were mixed with colitis cytsica profunda.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2000

Purpose: It has recently been recognized that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an important factor in the pathogenesis of recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) in children. But, the best treatment for H. pylori infection is still unsettled. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 2 weeks dual therapy with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and amoxicillin for children with H. pylori infection associated with RAP. Method: Our study included 24 children with RAP who were H. pylori positive assessed by CLO test and histologic examination (silver stain). We used the regimen consisted of PPI (omeprazole, 0.7 mg/kg/day) and amoxicillin (50 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks to eradicate H. pylori. Eradication of H. pylori was determined 4 weeks after the termination of treatment using the CLO test and histologic examination. Results: The endoscopic diagnoses of patients were nodular gastritis in 11 cases, superficial gastritis in 7 cases, peptic ulcer in 4 cases and normal finding in 2 cases. H. pylori was eradicated in 12 cases by omeprazole and amoxicillin dual therapy for 2 weeks and the eradication rate was 50%. In 4 of 12 children in whom H. pylori had not been eradicated with that regimen, we successfully eradicated H. pylori with other regimens of which 2 or 3 drugs among omeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin, colloidal bismuth subcitrate ($Denol^{(R)}$) and metronidazole were used. Conclusion: The dual therapy with PPI and amoxicillin for 2 weeks had no clear advantage over other regimens for the eradication of H. pylori infection in children. We concluded that the combi-nation of PPI and amoxicillin for 2 weeks is not so good for H. pylori eradication as other commonly used regimens.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.83-83
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• 1996

저자들은 이 연구를 통해 인두신경증의 원인적 요소를 알아보고 진단에 필요한 검사법의 선정 및 치료율을 향상시킬 수 있는 약제의 선택에 도움을 받고자 하였다. 상세한 문진과 이학적 검사를 통해 선정된 73명을 대상으로 전례에서 식도조영술, 식도위 내시경, 식도내압 검사 및 24시간 산도(pH)검사를 시행하였다. 최소 추적기간은 3개월 이었으며 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 대상례중 남자는 24명, 여자는 49명이었다. 2. 식도조영술상 54례(74%)에서 정상소견을 보였다. 3. 식도내압검사상 49례(67.1%)에서 정상소견을 보였다. 4. 24시간 산도검사상 15례에서 명확한 위식도 역류가 관찰되었으며 17례에서는 경도의 위식도 역류를 보여 총 43.8%에서 위식도 역류가 확인되었다. 5. Omeprazole, prepulsid 및 diazepam의 복합요법으로 총 61례(83.6%)에서 증상이 완전소실되거나 호전되었다. 특히 24시간 산도검사에서 위식도역류가 있었던 예에서는 87.5%에서 호전이상의 반응이 있었으며 위식도역류가 없었던 예에서는 80.5%에서 반응을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 보았을 때 식도조영술은 진단적인 가치가 떨어지며 식도내압 검사와 함께 24시간 산도측정이 치료제의 선택과 치료율의 향상에 기여할 수 있다고 사료되었다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 1998

Purpose: It is well known that duodenal ulcer disease does not relapse if H. pylori is cleared from the gastric mucosa. Little is known about the recurrence of duodenal ulcer in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the eradication of H. pylori in duodenal ulcer in children upon the duodenal ulcer recurrence. Methods: 105 patients (M:F=78:27) diagnosed as duodenal ulcer by endoscopy in 1987~1995 were reviewed clinically, and were parted into two groups. The two treatment groups were ranitidine/antacid (RAN/ANT) and ranitidine/amoxicillin/denol (RAN/AMX/D). The latter was for H. pylori-positive children with duodenal ulcer who were diagnosed by serology and/or antral biopsies for histology, culture, and urease testing. The recurrence rates were compared between the two groups. Results: 1) 30 patients with primary duodenal ulcer underwent endoscopy for H. pylori and 27 (90.0%) of them were positive for H. pylori. 2) 27 of H. pylori-positive children received RAN/AMX/D. 23(85.2%) of them showed cure of duodenal ulcer and eradication of H. pylori. 3) The duodenal ulcer recurrence rate in RAN/ANT group was 65.3% and the rate in RAN/AMX/D was 4.3% by a year. Conclusions: There is a strong correlation between the duodenal ulceration and H. pylori infection in children, and the eradication of H. pylori in duodenal ulcer patients reduces the recurrence of the ulcer. Because of the low incidence of duodenal ulcers in children, a multicenter prospective study is required to determine the effect of treating H. pylori infetion on the long term natural history of duodenal ulcer disease.