• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.465-471
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• 2009

To prevent the explosive spalling of the high strength concrete and control the rise of temperature in the steel rebar during fire, a fiber cocktail method has been proposed simultaneously with the use of polypropylene and steel fiber. After applying the fiber cocktail (polypropylene and steel fibers) into the mixture of high strength concrete with a compressive strength of between 40 and 100 MPa and evaluating the thermal properties at elevated temperatures, the fire test was carried out on structural members in order to evaluate the fire resistance performance. Two column specimens were exposed to the fire without loading for 180 minutes based on the standard curve of ISO-834. No explosive spalling has been observed and the original color of specimen surface was changed to light pinkish grey. The inner temperature of concrete dropped rapidly starting from 60mm deep. After 60 minutes of exposure to the fire, the temperature gradient of fiber cocktail reinforced high strength concrete was measured as 2.2oC/mm, which is approximately 5 times less than that of normal concrete. The final temperatures of steel rebar after 180 minutes of fire test resulted in 488.0oC for corner rebar, 350.9oC for center rebar, and 419.5oC for total mean of steel rebar. The difference of mean temperature between corner and center rebar was 137.1oC The tendency of temperature rise in concrete and steel rebar changed between 100oC and 150oC The cause of decrease in temperature rise was due to the water vaporization in concrete, the lower temperature gradient of the concrete with steel and polypropylene fiber cocktails, the moisture movement toward steel rebars and the moisture clogging.

• Electric Engineers Magazine
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• v.254 no.10
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• pp.34-40
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• 2003

the# star city 신축공사는 철골(판매시설), 철근콘크리트(주거시설)가 병행, 시공되고 대지와의 접촉면이 큰 고층 건축물로 각종의 다양한 전기, 전자, 통신설비 기기가 도입되고 있어 문제가 되는 것이 접지의 시공법이다. 건축물에 있어서 뇌보호란 크게 외부 뇌보호와 내부 뇌보호로 나눌 수 있으며 외부 뇌보호는 직격뢰로 부터 건물등을 보호하는 것이고 내부 뇌보호는 낙뢰시 전위상승으로 인한 영향 및 뇌전류의 전자효과를 저감하는 것으로 특히 과전압 내성이 작은 전자기기 등을 대상으로 하는 보호이다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.10-17
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• 2016

Steel corrosion is a very significant problem both to durability and structural safety since reinforcement has to support loads in tensile region in RC(Reinforced Concrete) member. In the paper, newly invented FRP Hybrid Bar and normal steel are embedded in RC beam member, and ICM (Impressed Current Method) is adopted for corrosion acceleration. Utilizing the previous theory of Faraday's Law, corrosion amount is calculated and flexural tests are performed for RC beam with FRP Hybrid Bar and steel, respectively. Corrosion amount level of 4.9~7.8% is measured in normal RC member and the related reduction of flexural capacity is measured to be -25.4~-50.8%, however there are no significant reduction of flexural capacity and corrosion initiation in RC samples with FRP Hybrid Bar due to high resistance of epoxy-coated steel to corrosion initiation. In the accelerated corrosion test, excellent performance of anti-corrosion and bonding with concrete are evaluated but durability evaluation through long-term submerged test is required for actual utilization.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.101-109
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• 2018

Field experiments as well as numerical analyses with finite element analysis codes are two valuable and complemental ways to understand the structural response under explosive blast load. However, there seems to be only limited information available about finite element analysis and experimental validation on the response of structural components under internal explosions. For complementary use of the two ways, the numerical analyses should be validated with field experiments by comparing their results. In this paper, a small-scaled reinforced concrete building with a room is employed for experimental investigations. An amount of TNT is detonated at the center of the room. Pressure at three different sites in the room, displacement of centers of two walls, and damage patterns of four walls are measured and compared to results from numerical analyses. The experimental results are much similar to the numerical analyses results. The finite element analysis code ANSYS AUTODYN is employed to numerically analyze both pressure distribution inside the room and response of walls subjected to blast pressure. The feasibility and validity of the numerical analysis on the reponses of structural components under internal explosions are discussed in terms of structural damage assessment, and evaluated as the same damage in the analysis and the experiments.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.715-722
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• 2014

In this paper, internal blast effect of reinforced concrete core structure were investigated using Ansys Autodyn, which is a specialized hydrocode for the analysis of explosion and impact. It is expected that internal blast case can give additional damage to the structure because it causes rebound of blast loads. Therefore, in this paper, the hazard of internal blast effect is demonstrated using UFC 3-340-02 criteria. In addition, analysis result of Autodyn, experimental result regarding rebound of blast load, and example of UFC 340-02 are compared to verify that Autodyn can analyze internal blast effect properly. Furthermore, progressive collapse mechanism of core structure which is one of the most important parts in high rise buildings is also analyzed using Autodyn. When internal blasts are loaded to core structure, the core structure is mostly damaged on its corner and front part of core wall from explosives. Therefore, if the damaged parts of core wall are demolished, progressive collapse of the core structure can be initiated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.61-64
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• 2008

Reinforced Concrete structures are constructed under the basic assumption of perfect bonding between steel and concrete. The corrosion of steel in the reinforced concrete columns results in the excessive cracks and gradual deterioration of concrete between steel and concrete. The cyclic loading test was conducted with the three corrosion rates in the laboratory. Throughout this test, it is investigated a bond behavior of reinforced concrete columns under a steel corrosion. Main variables of the test are a corrosion of steel reinforcement and a level of stress.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.753-760
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• 2012

In this study, experimental research was carried out to evaluate and improve the constructability and seismic performance of high strength R/C interior beam-column joints regions, with or without the shear reinforcement, using high ductile fiber-reinforced mortar. Six specimens of retrofitted the beam-column joint regions using high ductile fiber-reinforced mortar are constructed and tested for their retrofit performances. Specimens designed by retrofitting the interior beam-column joint regions (IJNS series) of existing reinforced concrete building showed a stable mode of failure and an increase in load-carrying capacity due to the enhancement of crack dispersion by fiber bridging from using new high ductile materials for retrofitting. Specimens of IJNS series, designed by the retrofitting of high ductile fiber-reinforced mortar in beam-column joint regions increased its maximum load carrying capacity by 96~102.8% and its energy dissipation capacity by 0.99~1.11 folds when compared to standard specimen of SIJC with a displacement ductility of 5.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.255-266
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• 1997

본 논문의 목적은 내진상세를 가진 철근콘크리트 골조의 비탄성 거동 예측에서 현재 사용되고 있는 해석적 방법이 가지는 신뢰성을 검토하고 실험에서 실측할 수 없었던 내부 힘의 분포 및 변화과정을 관찰하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 이미 실험이 수행된 2경간 2층 내진상세 모멘트-저항 철근콘크리트 평면골조(1)를 대상으로 ICARC 2D 프로그램(3)을 사용하여비탄성해석을 수행하였다. 해석결과가 실험결과에 최대한 일치하도록 관련 모델 변수들을 조절하였다. 이러한 해석결과가 실험결과와 어느 정도 일치하는 지 비교하였으며, 해석결과 얻어진 내부 힘의 발전과정을 관찰한결과 다음과 같은 결론에 도달하였다. (1)전체 횡력-횡변위 관계는 실험결과에 매우 유사하게 해석결과를 얻을 수 있다. (2)구조물의 힘의 분포 및 재분재 과정에 관련하여 해석은 구체적인 정보를 제사하였으며 실험결과 나타난 균열 및 변형결과와 대체로 일치한 소성힌지 발생과 파괴메카니즘을 나타내어 그 유용성을 입증하고 있다. (3)해석결과가 대체로 실험결가아 일치하나 국부거동과 관련하여 일부분 실제거동과 상당한 차이를 나타내어, 보다 정확한 모델을 개발할 필요성을 느낀다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.49-57
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• 2014

A deterioration of typical reinforced concrete (RC) bridge deck is due to the use of calcium chloride, cracks and water penetration inside of the deck slab with steel reinforcement. In order to eliminate the defects of RC decks in terms of material, therefore, the steel-strapped deck system is studied and developed by maximizing the arching effect while the girders are restrained using straps in lateral direction to the bridge. This parametric study was performed to analyze the structural characteristics of steel-strapped deck, and to identify the factors of the thickness, span length and lateral restraint stiffness of deck slab considering the concrete non-linearity. Finally, a design equation, which is adequate to South Korea, is suggested.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 2000

콘크리트 구조물이 지진 등으로 손상을 입었을 때 그 내부 상태를 파악하는 일은 구조물의 안전성 판단에 필요한 중요 과정중 하나이다 손상도 파악에 사용되는 비파괴 검사 방법 중 레이더법은 현재 콘크리트 부재의 두께와 매립된 철근 및 공동 탐사에 적용되고 있다 레이더법은 다른 비파괴 검사 방법에서와 마찬가지로 측정된 신호의 처리와 해석에 따라 그 결과가 좌우된다 . 이논문에서는 상용 레이더 시스템에서 얻어지는 화상 데이트터를 개선하는 방법을 개발하여 철근이 매립된 콘크리트 시편에 적용하였다 실험에 사용된 기편의 크기는 1,000mm(길이)$\times$600mm (폭) $\times$140mm(두께) 이고 철근의 매립깊이는 표면으로부터 철근 중심까지 60mm 이다 레이더 실측 실험에서 철근의 수평배근 간격을 60 90, 120, 150 mm 로 변화시켜 간격탐사가능성을 시험하였다 결과적으로 상용 시스템에 비해 샹상된 판별효과를 나타냈으며 배근 간격이 90, 120, 150mm 인 시편에서 그 간격을 정확히 찾아내었다.