• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.116-127
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• 2014

The studies were carried out to process one cycle for a day to the large section tunnel lining concrete. Climatic characteristics of the tunnel inside are changed, when the temperature of the concrete placement is low, the mold remove time is increased that the heat of hydration speed be delayed because affects the strength development, to compensate for this, after installing the curing sheet on both sides of the steel form and installation of tunnel entrance, when it comes to providing the additional heat source of $28{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ therein, it was to be achieved early strength development control standards (4.5MPa) presented as a crack control scheme or more, thus, It was able to remove after age of 14hr from mold. On the other hand, under the conditions of $10{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ that a natural curing temperature in the tunnel, it was analyzed must ensure the curing time of 36hr or more after concrete placement. Throughout this study, the concrete strength development and the temperature in the early-age concrete, it can find that reverify the curing temperature is greatly affected, even concrete fly ash is mixed 10%, if it is possible to raise the surface temperature for a predetermined time, is not a problem in the early strength development.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.629-632
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• 2008

As concrete is a material which is subject to wide quality fluctuations by temperature, grip of seasonal feature and maintenance of ambient temperature and humidity to secure the quality required after casting concrete are able to keep away from harmful effects. In case of summer, a high temperature has caused rapid hydration reaction of cement in early age, which has caused to decrease strength by autogenous shrinkage. Therefore we need to consider a countermeasure for decrease in the hydration heat of hot-weather concrete, according to minimize water and cement content and use mineral admixtures In this experimental research, the compressive strength development for replacement ratio of mineral admixtures, curing temperature and methods of concrete was investigated to confirm the effects of mixture design and curing condition on compressive strength of concrete.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.133-140
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• 2019

The concrete mix should be designed and produced to reflect the specific site conditions during concrete placement. That is, the concrete mix design should be planned considering temperatures, work environments, pouring methods, etc. The objective of this research is to understand the external factors of curing temperature and delay time that influence concrete strengths during pouring work, and provide concrete mix design that can be most robust to the effects of external factors. The Taguchi's robust method is used in preparing the concrete mix design to achieve the research objective. In a case study, an indoor concrete test was performed to find the optimal combination of concrete mixes with external factors of curing temperature and delay time. Concrete test cylinders were made to test concrete strengths given different external factors. The study results showed that the optimal performance of concrete strength can be achieved by applying the robust method when preparing a concrete mix design.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.65-71
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• 2013

Despite of the various merits of soil pavement, it has not been widely adapted because portland cement was conventionally used as soil stabilizer to improve the mechanical properties such strength parameters. Recently, natural soil stabilizer(NSS) were developed and virtually adopted to several case of soil pavement construction under control of heavy metal pollution compared to cement-used cases. However, the application of natural soil stabilizer is not settled yet, and empirical design have been widely adopted. In this study, therefore, the strength parameter of soil-NSS mixture was estimated by some triaxial compression tests, CU-test. From the tests, the relationship between curing period and strength parameter such as internal friction and effective cohesion was examined. As a result, effective cohesion of dredged clay and granite soil increased as curing time is increased. However, internal friction is almost same result in all soil type used in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.17-30
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• 2023

This study investigates the impact of water immersion and high temperature on the shear strength of cemented sand through direct shear tests. Standard Jumunjin sand was used and cemented with binders, such as ultra-rapid hardening cement and an epoxy aqueous solution. The binder was mixed at concentrations of 4%, 8%, or 12%. Subsequently, cylindrical cemented specimens with a diameter of 64 mm and height of 25 mm were produced using compaction. The curing period was three days, and the specimens were cured under dry air, immersion, and heating conditions. The heating condition involved subjecting the immersed specimens to a microwave oven three times for three minutes to achieve an internal temperature of approximately 90℃. Regardless of the binder type, the cohesion of the cemented sand increased with higher binder content, whereas the internal friction angle exhibited a slight increase or decrease. Compared with ultra-rapid hardening cemented sand, epoxy-cemented sand displayed an average cohesion that was five times higher and an internal friction angle that was 10° higher. Overall, irrespective of binder type, the shear strength decreased during water immersion and increased during heating. Notably, the epoxy-cemented sand exhibited a three-fold increase in cohesion and a more than 20° increase in the internal friction angle during heating.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.155-156
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• 2003

시멘트는 압축강도가 크고 내구성이 좋으며 가격이 저렴한 우수한 토목건축재료이다. 그러나 인장강도가 낮아서 사용 시 발생하는 휨에 의한 인장변형에 의하거나 양생 후 해 표면 크랙이 발생하는 결점이 있다. 이러한 결점을 보완하기위해 크랙의 발생 억제, 성장 지연을 목적으로 시멘트에 보강용 섬유를 투입하고 있다[1]. 시멘트에서의 보강섬유의 역할은 크랙발생에 필요한 에너지를 최대한 증가시키켜 시멘트가 경화되기 시작할 때, 구속에 의해 발생하는 인장응력 및 균열을 억제하구 내부에 형성되는 결함을 방지함에 있다[2]. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.464-464
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• 2023

최근 이산화탄소(Carbon Dioxode, CO₂) 배출량 증가로 인하여 지구온난화와 같은 기후변화 문제가 심각한 사회 문제로 대두되고 있다. 이에 따라 2015년 12월 12일 프랑스 파리에서 열린 제21차 유엔기후변화협약에서 교토의정서를 대체하는 파리협정(Paris Agreement)을 채택하였으며, 국내에서는 이러한 국제사회의 기후변화 대응에 동참하고 온실가스 감축을 이행하기 위한 2050 탄소중립 정책을 추진하였다. 이산화탄소를 다량으로 발생시키는 철강·산업·건설·에너지 분야 중건설 분야에서 배출되는 이산화탄소는 전체 배출량의 19.9%로 특히 시멘트를 제조하는 과정에서 많은 양의 이산화탄소가 배출되고 있다. 기존의 건설 분야 에서는 이산화탄소를 저감하기 위해 콘크리트 배합 또는 양생과정에서 챔버 내 이산화탄소를 가스 형태로 주입하여 탄산화 반응을 통해 콘크리트 내부에 이산화탄소를 영구히 저장시키고자 하였다. 그러나 이는 챔버 사용, 양생조건 등 적용 조건이 제한적이며, 콘크리트 내 이산화탄소 흡수 효율이 높지 않아 이를 개선할 수 있는 기술이 필요하다. 이를 개선하기 위해 최근에는 콘크리트 배합수 내 이산화탄소를 용해시켜 배합과정에서 콘크리트 내부로 이산화탄소를 강제로 인입시키는 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 그러나 콘크리트 배합수로 사용되고 있는 일반물이나 지하수의 경우 가압을 하여도 약 1,400mg/L의 이산화탄소를 용해시키며, 가압을 통해 용해된 이산화탄소는 쉽게 대기 중으로 방출되는 한계점을 지니고 있어 현장에서 사용하기 어려운 문제가 있다. 이러한 한계점을 극복하기 위해서 본 연구에서는 200nm 이하의 크기를 가지는 나노버블기술을 이용해 압력을 가하지 않은 상태에서 수중에 이산화탄소를 용해시킬 수 있는 시스템을 개발하고자 한다. 나노버블기술을 이용한 수중 이산화탄소용해 시스템을 통해 수중에 이산화탄소를 용해시켜 콘크리트 배합수로 활용하기 위한 기초 연구가 될 것으로 판단된다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.535-544
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• 2013

Influence of sulfate on the early hydration in the solidification treatment of abandoned mine tailings was characterized. Solidified specimens using hydrated lime as a binder were prepared with various amounts of added $Na_2SO_4$ and different curing days. Unconfined compressive strength measurement, heavy metal leaching test, XRD analysis were performed after 7-, 14- and 28-days curing. According to curing days strength of solidified specimens using only distilled water increased but those with addition of $Na_2SO_4$ decreased. External cracks of specimens developed definitely with increasing $Na_2SO_4$ concentration and curing days. Concentrations of Cu, Cd, Zn, and As in the leached solutions from solidified specimens decreased significantly but Pb was leached readily in cases of hydrated lime dosage more than 10 wt%. Gypsum and $MgSO_4$ were identified in the cracked solidified specimens by XRD analysis, and pillar-shaped crystals of SEM image were identified as gypsum in reference with EDS analysis. Crystallization of sulfate in the process of lime-tailing solidification caused cracking, which should be supplemented for solidification treatment of highly sulfur-contained tailing.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.277-284
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• 2001

Hardened concrete contains pores of varying types and sizes, and therefore the transport of air through concrete can be considered. The rate of permeability will not only depends on the continuity of pores, but also on the moisture contents in concrete and finishing material on concrete. Also it knows that the durability of reinforced concrete structure is concerned with air permeability which effects on the carbonation occurred by invasion of CO2 gas and the corrosion of steel bar occurred by O$_2$. In this paper, the effects of curing conditions and finishing materials on carbonation and air permeability are investigated according to the accelerated carbonation test. As results, carbonation velocity and air permeability are effected by curing conditions and finishing materials, and air permeability coefficient is effected by moisture content. Also the relationship between carbonation velocity coefficients and air permeability coefficients has been quite well established.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.340-345
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• 2010

국내의 건축물은 강한 내력을 갖기 위해 사용되는 HSC빈도가 점진적 증가하고 있으며, HSC로 시공되어진 건축구조물에서의 화재 발생시 폭렬현상의 문제점이 대두되고 있다. 이에 국내외에서 폭렬현상에 대한 연구들이 진행되었고, 이를 통해 폭렬현상에 원인을 알게 되어 이를 토대로 폭렬 방지 방안을 세웠다. 이에 따라 폭렬현상의 원인 중 합수율이 있으며, 이는 콘크리트가 함유하고 있는 수분으로 고온시에 팽창하여 폭렬현상의 매커니즘이 형성된다. 또한 이러한 함수율이 폭렬 발생에 미치는 영향을 크게 하는 요인으로 탄산화와 양생방법이 있다. 우선 탄산화는 반응을 일으킬 경우, 생성물이 공극을 채워 고온시 팽창된 수분이 외부로 나가는 것을 방해하여 수증기압을 축적시키고, 양생방법에 따라 함수율이 달라지게 되어 고온시 팽창될 수분의 양을 결정하게 된다. 특히, 함수율에 의해 발생되는 폭렬을 방지하기 위해 고강도 콘크리트 내부의 수분을 제거하는 강제건조를 하거나 팽창된 수분이 빠져나갈 곳을 만들기 위해 고온에서 녹는 PP섬유를 사용해 공극을 만들어주는 방법이 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 HSC의 폭렬현상방지 대책을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 한다.