• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2008

Powdery mildew of lettuce that is a newly reported disease became a threat to organic cultivation of lettuce in Korea since the disease caused by Podosphaera fusca resulted in a half of yield loss in heavily infected fields. To improve micro-environmental conditions around lettuce, ACF (air-circulation fan) was installed on inside roof of plastic house at 6 m intervals. The ACF increased 57% of lettuce yield and reduced 71.4% of lettuce seedling death. COY (cooking oil and yolk mixture) consisted of cooking oil 0.3% and egg yolk 0.08% reduced lettuce seedling death from 89.3% to 92.9% under the greenhouse. Seven-day interval spray of COY resulted in high control values of powdery mildew of lettuce ranging from 89.6% to 96.3%, which was comparable to a fungicide, Azoxystrobin. Lettuce yield was increased about two times compared to a non-treated conventional cultivation. Qualities of lettuce such as hardness and chlorophyll content were also improved by COY and ACF combination. Effect of COY on control of the disease was improved when $CaCO_3$ or $SiO_2$ 1,000 ppm was supplemented. Results indicated that the COY made of cooking oil such as canola emulsified with yolk was highly effective on control of powdery mildew of lettuce and suitable for organic agriculture, especially when combined with ACF.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.22 no.3 s.245
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• pp.52-55
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• 1990

계란은 종래 전란 혹은 난백 및 난황으로만 분리되어 식품에 이용되어 왔으나 최근 분리, 정제기술의 진전으로 계란에 함유되어 있는 단백질을 비롯한 성분이 추출되어 의약품, 화장품 및 건강식품의 소재로서 이용되고 있다. 계란은 유, 육과 마찬가지로 동물성 단백질원이라는 측면 외에 유, 육이 가지고 있지 못한 기능 즉 계란으로부터 생명이 탄생한다는 신비스러운 기능을 갖고 있다. 계란이 단순한 에너지의 공급원이 아니라 생명체를 탄생시킨다는 것은 아직까지도 과학적인 방법에 의하여 밝혀지지 않은 새로운 기능을 가진 성분이 계란 중에 함유되어 있을 가능성이 크다는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 본란에서는 계란의 새로운 용도개발을 위하여 기능성을 중심으로 계란성분을 고찰해 보기로 한다.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 1997

Egg yolk oil was obtained by roasting and Pressing egg yolks of hen's egg breeding on the open bin system and the cage system, respectively. Lipids in egg yolk oil were extracted with a mixture of chloroform and methanol (2 : 1, V/V), and fractionated into neutral lipid, glycolipid, and phospholipid by silicic aicd column chromatography. Fatty acid composition of each fraction was determined by gas chromatography. The major fatty acids of total lipids and neutral lipids are in sequence of oleic acid, palmitic acid, and linoleic acid. The major fatty acids of the glycolipids are palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and lauric acid successively. The major fatty acids of phospholipids are oleic acid, lauric acid, and Palmitic acid consecutively. About the fatty acids composition of egg yolk oil in the open barn system, the contents of saturated fatty acid are lower and the contents of unsaturated fatty acid are higher than that of the case system. The contents of unsaturated fatty acid in egg yolk oil is higher than that of saturated fatty acid in total lipids and nutral lipids. Unsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid of e99 yolk oil in the open barn system is higher than that of the cage system in glycolipids and phospholipids.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2002

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding organic acid mixture and yeast culture on the Performance and e99 quality of laying hens fur sixteen weeks. Four hundred and fifty 19-wk-old ISA Brown layers were alloted to five treatments with five replications of each. The supplemental levels of organic acid mixture(OAM) and yeast culture(YC) in the experimental diets were 0(control), OAM 0.1, 0.2%, and YC 0.1, 0.2%, respectively. Corn -Soy basal diet containing 16.0% CP and ME 2,770 kca1/kg ME. Eggs were collected and weighed every day. Eg3 Production, fred intake and fled conversion were recorded in every four weeks. Fatty acid composition of e99 Yolk, e99she11 breaking strength, thickness and Haugh unit were measured a(her every eight weeks. Egg Production and daily egg mass of birds fed 0.2% OAM and 0.1% YC tended to be higher than those of the other treatment groups. Egg weight was the highest in hens fed with 0.2% OAM treatment, but was not significantly different. Feed conversion of hens in all OAM and YC treatments was lower than those of control, but was not statistically different. Eggshell breaking strength of hens on OAM treatments tended to be higher than those of YC treatment and control. Haugh units of the birds fed OAM was significantly higher than controls (P<0.05). 599 yolk color score of OAM treatment was higher than those of YC treatments and control, but the difference was not significant. At 27-wk-old, arachidonnic acid content in eggs from the birds fed 0.1% OAM diet was significantly higher(P<0.05) than controls. The results of this experiment indicated that dietary organic acid mixture and yeast culture tended to improve the egg Production and internal egg quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.99-99
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• 1996

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.209-213
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• 2000

Phosvitin, an iron chelating protein in egg yolk, was measured for its ability to inhibit lipid oxidation in egg oil model system. Phosvitin(75$\mu$M) could inhibit both iron(50∼150$\mu$M) and copper(5∼15$\mu$M) catalyzed oxidation of egg oil, and much more effective in the presence of iron than copper. The antioxidant activity of phosvitin in egg oil decreased with increasing temperature up to 121$\^{C}$. But phosvitin was relatively heat stable maintaining 79 and 73% of its antioxidant activity after being heated for 6 min at 100$\^{C}$ and 2 min at 121$\^{C}$, respectively.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.482-488
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• 2007

The optimum conditions for the extraction of lecithin from egg yolk were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). On the basis of the results of preliminary experiments, the most effective values were selected. The effects of three independent variables, dilution ratio, solvent composition, and extraction temperature on the response of crude egg lecithin (g) were then determined. The optimum conditions for egg lecithin separation obtained using ridge analysis were 6.51, 95.83%, and $40.2^{\circ}C$ for the dilution ratio, solvent composition, and extraction temperature, respectively. Using the optimum conditions, 55.04% of crude lecithin in total phospholipid can be obtained from 100 g liquid egg yolk. The experimental values (56.21% crude lecithin in total phospholipid) agreed with the predicted values.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.655-668
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• 2012

Foliar diseases are major constraints to profitable organic tomato production. Especially, powdery mildew, leaf mold and gray mold of tomato occur severely on organic cultured tomatoes in Korea. This study was conducted to develop organic tomato cultivation technology using environmental-friendly disease control methods (resistance cultivar planting, air circulation fan installation, oil-egg yolk mixtures, and microbial agents). When tomatoes were cultivated in plastic film house installed with air circulation fan, daily range of temperature was decreased by $2{\sim}7^{\circ}C$, average relative humidity was decreased by 1~5% compared to those in plastic house without air circulation fan. Consequently, incidence of tomato leaf mold and tomato gray mold was reduced by 55.0% and 24.4%, respectively. Control effect of microbial agents and oil-egg yolk mixtures against major tomato diseases was examined in plastic house. As a result, the control value of microbial agents against tomato gray mold and tomato leaf mold showed at the range of 49.0~55.9 %(gray mold) and 39.2~58.2%(leaf mold), respectively. The control value of oilegg yolk mixtures against tomato powdery mildew showed 97.6%. Fifteen tomato cultivars were evaluated for disease resistance against leaf mold and powdery mildew in organically cultivated tomato field. Among 15 tomato cultivars, seven cultivars including 'Super-top' were found to be high resistant to tomato leaf mold. Also 'Powerking', one of fifteen tomato cultivars, showed to be high resistant to tomato powdery mildew.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.635-639
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• 1995

The effective extraction of antioxidative substances from soybean was investigated by using various solvents, such as water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, chloroform, benzene, ethyl acetate, ether, dichloromethane, and hexane. Extraction was performed by cold method at $30^{\circ}C$ and by reflux method at $85^{\circ}C$. The antioxidative effect of the extracts was determined by peroxide value during the oxidation of soybean oil containing the extracts at $105^{\circ}C$ for 10 hours, and also by TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) formed during the peroxidation of egg lecithin liposomes. The antioxidant activity of the extracts from raw soybean was higher than that from defatted soybean. The antioxidant activity of the extracts by reflux method was higher than that by cold method. The methanol extract from defatted and roasted soybean(DRS) showed the highest antioxidative effect against oxidation of soybean oil, while the water extract from DRS in egg lecithin liposomes. In the peroxidation of egg lecithin liposomes, the antioxidative effect of polar solvents extracts were higher than those by nonpolar solvents extracts.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.295-301
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• 2020

In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in the catch rate of Monochamus saltuarius, based on sexual maturation by using aggregation-sex pheromone traps. Ovariole development of caught M. saltuarius females was compared to that of the ones not caught using traps. In a mesh cage set up at the Hongneung experimental forest, we placed a multi-funnel trap with or without an aggregation-sex pheromone lure. M. saltuarius adults, which emerged from pine logs, were grouped in four according to the emergence dates (0, 1, 7, and 10 days after emergence [DAE]). We released beetles into the mesh cage to investigate the catch rate using the traps. In each group, a total of 80 beetles (20 beetles × 4 replications) were tested, making it a total of 320 beetles. Among the four groups, M. saltuarius adults in the 7 DAE group were caught more frequently using the traps, especially with a pheromone lure; the other groups showed a low catch rate. A similar number of female and male beetles were caught using the traps. Regarding ovariole development, all the female adults in the 0 and 1 DAE groups were immature, while those in the other two groups were completely developed. Therefore, aggregation-sex pheromone traps might have a limitation in the prevention of pine wilt disease because of the transmission of pine wood nematode during maturation feeding of newly emerged M. saltuarius adults. However, aggregation-sex pheromone traps can be effective for collecting sexually mature M. saltuarius adults, for the investigation of seasonal occurrence of beetles in forests.