• Title/Summary/Keyword: 낙관적 기술결정론

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Does IT ODA Promote Democracy in Developing Countries? : A challenge to optimistic technological determinism (IT ODA, 개발도상국의 민주주의 발전을 가져오는가? - 낙관적 기술결정론에 대한 도전 -)

  • Song, Hyojin
    • Informatization Policy
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.73-95
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    • 2015
  • This research has a purpose to verify whether the Internet diffusion through the Official Development Assistance (ODA) can bring about democratic changes in authoritarian political system of developing countries. This research has found out that IT ODA has 'positive(+)' effect on the Internet diffusion in recipient countries. It seems to support the expectation of donor countries that they can lead the political democratization by constructing infrastructure and promoting the use of the Internet. However, as the impact of IT ODA on the Internet diffusion is not considerable as well as the Internet diffusion has no strong influence on the development of democracy in developing countries, and also each of these aspects of countries looks different, it is hard to see that the democratization hypothesis based on the optimistic technological determinism is reasonable. Therefore, this paper argues that IT ODA must be based on not blind optimism that IT transfer will lead to the political democratization in developing countries, but the social structuralism which is based on distinctiveness and uniqueness of countries. and suggests that the discuss of the effect of IT ODA proceed with the constructive way.

The Role of Psychological Distance and Relative Optimism in Information Security Decision Making (정보보호 의사결정에서 정보보호 침해사고 발생가능성의 심리적 거리감과 상대적 낙관성의 역할)

  • Jongki Kim;Jiyun Kim
    • Information Systems Review
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.51-71
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    • 2018
  • Many studies in the field of information security reveal the need to increase awareness. However, although awareness of information security has been raised to a considerable extent, actual security behavior has been shown to fall short of that. Therefore, we wanted to identify the role of psychological factors in making information security decisions by conducting a experimental study. The results show that there are differences in perception of information security risks according to the probabilistic distance and the degree of relative optimism due to social distance. In relation to their relative optimism and intention of information security, they reduced the level of perceived risk compared to those close to them and found that their influence varied according to their probabilistic distance. This study has made valuable attempt in terms of methodology and it is meaningful that the psychological factor is taken into consideration for the information protection behavior, so that the range of relative optimism that actually affects the perception of risk is narrowed. It is expected to contribute to the improvement of information security level of information technology users and protection of information assets by empirically identifying necessity of various approaches to decision making process for information security.

Digitally Divided by Choice and the Diffusion of ICTs (정보통신기술의 확산과 선택에 의한 정보격차)

  • Jung, Byung-Kul
    • Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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    • v.6 no.2 s.12
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    • pp.103-129
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    • 2006
  • In spite of decreased attention to digital divide, it has been pointed out as one of the main obstacles to realization of information society. At the outset, two conflicting explanations, optimism and pessimism, have directed their attention to objective basis of digital divide in common. They, however, have been neglected the fact that accessibilities can be varied not only by objective conditions but by subjective conditions such as individual recognition of necessity and willingness. Subsequent choices can be a crucial factor to determine whether to or not to access. In USA, over 50% of potential users determined not to access to the internet by their own will and choices. By the user survey on internet, 'do not feel the necessity' ranked the first reason not to use the internet in South Korea. The respondents who chose 'no time to use' tend to decrease but kept holding their shares, too. The relative importance of 'not to access' by individual choice have been increased. Whether the non-users of ICTs by choice is in or beyond the scope of digital divide, it evidently shows the necessity and importance of directing our attention to it on the way to information society.

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