• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.220-232
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• 2016

A survey of ectomycorrhizal fungi was performed during 2009-2011 and 2015 in Byeonsanbando National Park. A total of 3,624 individuals were collected, which belonged one division, 1 class, 5 orders, 13 families, 33 genera, 131 species. The majority of the fruiting bodies belonged to orders Agaricales, Russulales, and Boletales, whereas a minority belonged to orders Cantharellales and Thelephorale. In Agaricales, there were 6 families, 9 genera, 49 species, and 1,343 individuals; in Russulales, 1 family, 2 genera, 35 species, and 854 individuals; in Boletales, 4 families, 19 genera, 40 species, and 805 individuals; in Cantharellales, 1 family, 2 genera, 5 species, and 609 individuals; and in Thelephorale, 1 family, 1 genus, 2 species, and 13 individuals. The most frequently observed families were Russulaceae (854 individuals representing 35 species), Boletaceae (652 individuals representing 34 species), and Amanitaceae (754 individuals representing 25 species). The greatest numbers of overall and dominant species and individual fruiting bodies were observed in July. Most species and individuals were observed at altitudes of 1~99 m, and population sizes dropped significantly at altitudes of 300 m and higher. Apparently, the highest diversity of species and individuals occurred at climatic conditions with a mean temperature of $23.0{\sim}25.9^{\circ}C$, maximum temperature of $28.0{\sim}29.9^{\circ}C$, minimum temperature of $21.0{\sim}22.9^{\circ}C$, relative humidity of 77.0~79.9%, and rainfall of 300 mm or more.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.688-692
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• 1998

To detect naturally occuring antimutagenic substances from wild mushrooms in Korea, the screening for the antimutagenic compounds containing in ethanol and water extracts of 13 wild mushrooms toward benzo(a) pyrene (B(a)P) and $N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine\;(MNNG)$ using the Ames assay system with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 were studied. The ethanol extracts of Polyporus dispansus, Cantharellus infundibuliformis, Agaricus subrutilescens, Daedalea dickinsii, Panaeolus papilionaceus and Hydnum repandum showed significantly antimutagenic activity toward B(a)P. The water extracts of Hydnum repandum showed the strong antimutagenic activity toward B(a)P in S. typhimurium TA100, however the water extracts of the mushrooms did not show antimutagenic activity. Whereas 5 out of 13 samples exhibited antimutagenicity toward a direct mutagen of MNNG. The water extracts from mushrooms also not showed antimutagenic activity. The antimutagenic effect increased with increasing concentraion of the ethanol extracts from Polyporus dispansus.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.24-38
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• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate the Ecobridge district which connects green corridor from Central park to Pulkoksan and to establish of ecological space through analysis of avifauna community, plant community structure. In the results of analysis of avifauna, 3 species 23 individuals(Pica pica, Parus major, [asser montanus) in Ecobridge district, 5 species 37 individuals(Peca pica, Parus major, Passer montanus, Oriolus chinensis, Hirundo rustica) in Central park forest. There were 15 species 72 individuals in Pulkoksan. The plant community structure were classified of three types. As divided types were artificial forest(Pinus rigida, P. koraiensis, etc.) natural forest(Quercus mongolica, Q. serrata, Q. acutissima, Q. spp.) and semi-natural forest, which have shown the successional trends from the artificial forest to Quercus spp. community. The Ecobridge district was used as the space for the passers-by owing to its the simple vegetation. Species diversity was appeared that there was the order of Ecobridge district$\longrightarrow$Central park forest$\longrightarrow$Pulkoksan forest. Similarity index was calculated 20~23% between Ecobridge district$\longrightarrow$Central park, Pulkoksan forest. Therefore the highest species diversity and multistratum vegetation structure of Pulkoksan were the most suitable for the establishment to ecological space in the district.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.3 s.86
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• pp.306-313
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• 1998

The occurrences of ectomycorrhizal fungi were investigated in a pine-mushroom forest at Hongcheon, Korea. The fairy rings of Tricholoma matsutake were figured by the sporocarp places of T. matsutake for three years $(1995{\sim}1997)$, and the occurrences of other ectomycorrhizal fungi were surveyed with x and y dimensions for two years $(1996{\sim}1997)$. The diameters of fairy rings of T. matsutake ranged from 2m to 10m, which indicated that the age of the fairy rings as $10{\sim}50$ years when we consider that the growth of the fairy ring used to show about 10 cm per year. Russula bella, R. sororia, R. delica and Cantharellus minor were the major species occurred on the site during the survey period, and each species occupied 16.0%, 12.8%, 12.4% and 7.0% of total mushroom occurrence, respectively. From the results, we could conclude that the surveyed stand was a productivity-declining forest from the view point of pine-mushroom production. In addition, Amanita pantherina, Suillus bovinus, Ramaria flaccida and Laccaria amethystea were considered to be the indicator species for declining of pine-mushroom productivity since some fruiting bodies of the species appeared around the fairy ring of T. matsutake.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2011

This study has been examined characteristics of Yeoju Lee family, rich group at Miryang in the middle of the Joseon Dynasty, around Geumsidang(今是堂) Lee Gwang-jin remains as a cultural landscape appeared in pictures, poetry, and a strange story. Geumsidang Lee Gwang-jin returned to his old home abandoned the middle government post after the death of Moonjeong queen in socially confused stage and tried to manage an annex to a Geumsidang located in Baekgok of Eungchun riverside, and Geumsidang he managed was affected by his teacher and uncle Wolyoun Lee Tae of a view of nature, filial behavior, and nature management etc. Also, 'Painting of 12 landscapes to Geumsidang' is landscape painting with the actual view not like the '8 landscapes of So-Sang' or '8 landscapes of Sa-Si' which is abstract landscape and Lee Gyeong-hong drew 12 landscapes of Geumsidang that includes Angbong(鶯峰: nightingale peak), Yongdu mountain(龍頭山), Mubong Buddhist temple(舞鳳寺), Maam mountain(馬巖山), Wolyeon-dae(月淵臺), Saindang village(舍人堂村), Youngnam-ru(嶺南樓), Miryang eubseong(密陽邑城), Eyeonso(梨淵沼: pear tree deep water), Yullim(栗林: chestnut tree forest), Miryang river(密陽江), Sammundong fields(沙門野), land and government office owned by Yeoju Lee family as landscape objects. 'Poems of 12 landscapes to Geumsidang' by Lee Yong-gu 11th sons of Lee Gwang-jin was written based on 'Painting of 12 landscapes to Geumsidang', and sang for time, season, and changes of the weather. All 12 poems are all a quatrain with seven Chinese characters in each line consisted of all 28 words, but does not match completely with shown elements in pictures because it is not a simple description of pictures but it is recreated by writer's personality. Therefore these painting shows not only th meaning of filial behavior but also village owned by Yeoju Lee family rich group in Miryang, and these poem recreated the pictures by changing as certain scenic spot with the object of enforcing territory of Yeoju Lee family.