• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.287-301
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• 2006

Two experiments were performed to investigate effects of background depth information on the judgment of two-dimensional shapes, using the Posner et al.'s(1969) physical match task. In both experiments, the focus was on whether the background depth information affects the decisions of physical shape sameness of two letters or figures presented successively. In Experiment 1, artificially constructed rues of linear perspective and texture gradient were used, whereas cues contained in a real road situation were used in Experiment 2. The results of both experiments showed that the depth cues affect the perception of two-dimensional shapes. That is, when two stimuli of the same physical shape were likely to be perceived differently due to the given depth cues, response accuracies('yet' in this case) decreased and reaction tines of physical match increased. And when two stimuli of the different physical shape were likely to be perceived the same due to the given depth cues, response accuracies('no' in this case) decreased and reaction times of physical match increased likewise. These results wert discussed in terms of some conceptual methodological problems of the previous studies on the shape constancy and the directions of future research.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.367-369
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• 2006

사람은 일반적으로 깊이를 지각하는데 두 눈으로 들어오는 영상의 시차(binocular disparity)를 이용하며 6-15m 정도의 범위 내에서는 매우 뛰어난 깊이 판별 능력을 보인다. 그러나 사람은 하나의 눈만으로도 깊이를 지각하는데 별 어려움을 느끼지 못한다. 이것은 공간의 깊이 지각 단서로 양안단서안이 아니라 다양한 단안단서(monocular Cue)들이 함께 사용되기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 사람이 공간 깊이정보 파악에 사용하는 것으로 알려진 여러 단안 단서들 중 영상의 채도(saturation) 정보와 디포커스(defocus) 정보, 기하학적 깊이(geometric depth) 정보에 기반을 둔 단안 영상에서의 상대적 깊이지도의 생성방법을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.343-344
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• 2011

최근 3 차원 디스플레이 기술의 발전에 힘입어 3 차원 컨텐츠에 대한 수요도 늘고 있다. 스테레오스코픽(Stereoscopic) 렌즈를 이용하여 3 차원 컨텐츠를 만들거나 여러 장의 2 차원 영상을 이용한 3 차원 복원 연구가 활발히 진행되는 가운데 본 논문에서는 단일 2 차원 영상을 이용해서 깊이 지도를 획득하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 단일 영상을 보고 3 차원 구조를 파악하는 인간의 시각 체계의 능력에 착안하여 본 논문에서는 단일 영상을 이용하여 깊이 정보를 추출하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 깊이 단서들 중, 가림 단서를 소개하고 추가로 인간의 시각 체계에서 사용하는 깊이 단서들을 결합하여 기계 학습 알고리즘에 접목시킨다. 실험을 통해 우리는 제안 알고리즘이 물체의 외곽정보를 이용하여 양질의 깊이 지도를 준다는 것을 확인할 수 있다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.345-352
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• 2013

In this paper, a depth estimate method is proposed using GPU(Graphics Processing Unit) in monocular image. a monocular image is a 2D image with missing 3D depth information due to the camera projection and we used a monocular cue to recover the lost depth information by the projection present. The proposed algorithm uses an energy function which takes a variety of cues to create a more generalized and reliable depth map. But, a processing time is late because energy function is defined from the various monocular cues. Therefore, we propose a depth estimate method using GPGPU(General Purpose Graphics Processing Unit). The objective effectiveness of the algorithm is shown using PSNR(Peak Signal to Noise Ratio), a processing time is decrease by 61.22%.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.477-488
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• 2012

The effort of implementing realistic 3-D depth on 2-D images has been continued persistently with a theoretical understanding of depth perception and its related technical development. The present article briefly reviews a number of popular stereoscopes for studying stereoscopic depth perception according to their implementation principles, and introduces a behavioral experiment as a technical example in which the active-shutter glasses were used. In the present study, participants were tested for their visual memory against perceived depth among a set of items. The depth of the memory and test items was manipulated to be 1) monocular, 2) binocular, or 3) both-monocular-and-binocular respectively. The memory performance was worst in the binocular-depth condition, and best however in the both-monocular-and-binocular condition. These results indicate that visual memory may benefit more from monocular depth than stereoscopic depth, and further suggest that the storage of depth information into visual memory would require both binocular and monocular information for its optimal memory performance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.1-13
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• 2012

3D video is regarded as the next generation contents in numerous applications. The 2D-to-3D video conversion technologies are strongly required to resolve a lack of 3D videos during the period of transition to the full ripe 3D video era. In 2D-to-3D conversion methods, after the depth image of each scene in 2D video is estimated, stereoscopic video is synthesized using DIBR (Depth Image Based Rendering) technologies. This paper proposes a novel depth fusion algorithm that integrates multiple depth cues contained in 2D video to generate stereoscopic video. For the proper depth fusion, it is checked whether some cues are reliable or not in current scene. Based on the result of the reliability tests, current scene is classified into one of 4 scene types and scene-adaptive depth fusion is applied to combine those reliable depth cues to generate the final depth information. Simulation results show that each depth cue is reasonably utilized according to scene types and final depth is generated by cues which can effectively represent the current scene.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.12b
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• pp.445-448
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• 2011

본 논문은 그룹화된 객체별 깊이정보를 차등 적용한 2D/3D 동영상 변환 기법에 관한 연구이다. 기존의 연구에서는 프레임의 움직임 정보와 기하학적 깊이 단서를 이용해 깊이정보를 추출하여 2D/3D 동영상 변환을 한다. 그러나 영상의 움직임 정보를 획득할 수 없는 영역의 경우 정확한 깊이정보를 얻을 수 없어 해당 영역의 3D 효과를 얻을 수 없는 문제점이 있다. 제안하는 기법에서는 객체 및 배경을 추출하고 움직임 정보와 기하학적 단서를 이용한 깊이정보를 그룹화된 객체별 차등 적용하여 움직임 정보가 없는 영역에서도 3D 효과를 얻을 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 최종적으로 원본 영상과 생성된 깊이맵을 DIBR(Depth Image Based Rendering) 과정을 통해 3D 동영상을 생성한 결과 움직임 정보가 없는 영역에서도 3D 효과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.351-356
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• 2012

This paper presents the 2D/3D conversion technique using depth map which is generated based on the haze and relative height cue. In cases that only the conventional haze information is used, errors in image without haze could be generated. To reduce this kind of errors, a new approach is proposed combining the haze information with depth map which is constructed based on the relative height cue. Also the gray scale image from Mean Shift Segmentation is combined with depth map of haze information to sharpen the object's contour lines, upgrading the quality of 3D image. Left and right view images are generated by DIBR(Depth Image Based Rendering) using input image and final depth map. The left and right images are used to generate red-cyan 3D image and the result is verified by measuring PSNR between the depth maps.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.193-221
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• 2007

This study explored the efficient hierarchical data structure of mobile interfaces. The first experiment demonstrated the effects of grouping(clear/unclear), depth level(2/3/5), and the number of items(32/64/128) on the search time and the number of errors. The results indicated that participants spent less time and made fewer errors to perform the task when the clear mobile interfaces, low depth level, and fewer items were provided. In addition, the results indicated that there were no effects of the depth level and the number of items on the search time and number of errors in clear mobile interfaces conditions. As depth level and the number of items changed, on the other hand, participants spent longer time to complete the task and made more mistakes in unclear mobile interfaces conditions. The second experiment investigated the effects of grouping(clear/unclear), the number of items(32/64/128), and spacial cues(colors/ windows/ number of cues) on search time and the number of errors in hierarchical data structures which had five depth levels. The results indicated that participants spent less time to complete the task and made less errors in a mobile interface when grouping is clear and the number of items are fewer. The results were identical with the first experiments. In addition, the main effect of spacial cues indicated that providing spacial cues via pictures and numbers can be helpful to reduce errors in search behaviors.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose method of generation of depth map using vanishing line and texture. vanishing line is generated by parallel lines in image. For generate vanishing line, show boundary of particular angle through Gabor Filter and extract line through Hough Transform. Initial Depth Map is estimated based on vanisihng line and combine Relative Depth map that generated using Texture Cue. The proposed algorithm advanced due to combine Initial Depth Map and Relative Depth Map.