• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.479-498
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• 2013

As education is one of key factors to improve national competitiveness, quality education becomes a top priority in all countries around the world. In South Korea, The Basic Skills Competency Test is administered annually to select below-basic third graders and provide intervention programs. The Basic Skills Competency Test was designed to diagnose the minimal competency of third graders according to a national-level standards. The purpose of this study was to analyze standard-setting procedures and set cut-off scores. This study offered the empirical evidence that standard-setting is generally applicable in schools by the modified Ebel method. More future researches addressing appropriate and efficient standard-setting methods in real school situations are needed to be taken in.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.320-329
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify resilience's mediating effect between acculturative stress and depression among Chinese students in Korea. Methods: Between February and May 2012, 276 Chinese students from 3 universities located in Chungnam province participated in the current study using a questionnaire survey. Data was analysed using SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The mean score of acculturative stress, resilience, and depression was 82.7, 129.0, and 15.6 respectively. The acculturative stress was significantly related to perceived health status (F=10.57, p<.001), TOPIK(t=7.55, p=.006) and the major(F=2.87, p=.024). Resilience was related to the race(F=13.49, p<.001), perceived heath status (F=10.57, p<.001), tuition(F=8.52, p<.001), and level of Koran language(F=5.91, p=.003). Resilience correlated to acculturative stress (r=-0.21, p<.001) and depression(r=-0.48, p<.001) by showing a mediating effect between accuturative stress and depression. Conclusion: In order to improve resilience as a mediating factor with depression of Chinese students in Korea, we suggest the development various programs about external supporting programs.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.348-356
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• 2013

The present study investigated the effects of Hovenia Dulcis (HD) fruit extract powder on the improvement of physical activity, especially exercise capacity. Forty mice were divided into 4 groups including normal controls, negative controls, 100 (HD-100) and 200 (HD-200) mg/kg HD fruit extract powder groups for 5-times exercises using treadmill. Normal control did not performed treadmill running but others did 5-times for 10 days. HD fruit extract powders were administrated orally one-times per day for 10 days before treadmill exercise and normal and negative controls were fed with excipient water. After 5-times exercise, blood biochemical analysis showed that aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CK) activities and blood lactate concentration were statistically increased in negative controls than in normal controls. They were decreased in HD fruit extract powder groups, compared with negative controls. These results were considered as the effects of HD fruit extract powders on reduced tissue damages during exercise. Other measured indices did not reveal remarkable differences. All together, these results suggest that HD fruit extract powders may enhance the exercise performance by recovering the exercise-fatigue via blood lactate concentration by reducing blood LDH activity and via reduction of blood CK and AST activity.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.655-664
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was undertaken to identify which delirium screening instrument would be more useful in clinical practice. Methods: Data were collected from 118 nurses from six hospitals in five provinces in Korea. For the delirium screening three instruments were compared: NEECHAM Confusion Scale (NEECHAM), Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC), Delirium Observation Scale (DOS). The MMSE-K was used for concurrent validity. The nurse subjects were surveyed as to the practical clinical value of each instrument. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient and Kuder-Richardson 20 were used to confirm the reliability. Results: The range of three scales reliability was .70~.82 and the range of correlation coefficient was .63~.82 with MMSE-K. For sensitivity of NEECHAM, Nu-DESC and DOS was 1.00, 1.00 and 0.81 respectively and specificity NEECHAM, Nu-DESC and DOS was 0.88, 0.89 and 0.89 respectively. Nurses rated the practical use of the DOS scale as significantly easier to use than the NEECHAM and Nu-DESC. Conclusion: NEECHAM, Nu-DESC and DOS scales were acceptable in terms of reliability, validity, sensitivity and specificity. However, nurses rated the DOS scale as easier scale to use and had more relevance to their practice.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1172-1183
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• 2004

Purpose: Ego-integrity in Erikson's stage theory is used frequently among health team members related to the care of the elderly and has specific meanings within the context of quality of life in later life. However, the concept of ego-integrity in the elderly has not been well articulated in the literature. This study was conducted clarify and conceptualize the phenomena of ego-integrity in the elderly. Method: A Hybrid Model of concept development was applied to develop a concept of ego-integrity, which included a field study carried out in Seoul, South Korea using in-depth interviews with old adults who were admitted as a right person for research subject according to attributes of ego-integrity analysed in the theoretical phase. Results: The concept of ego-integrity emerged as a complex phenomenon having meanings in several different dimensions which encompassed several attributes. Conclusions: Ego-integrity is a concept having needs that should be treated in a specific way and it is possible to enrich the meaning and methods to manage ego-integrity in nursing interventions for promoting quality of life so that its application may have effects that have positive impacts on the elderly's well being.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.16-21
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose a new folding method (the blossom method) to increase storage efficiency of drag-sail. To resolve the issue caused by increase in the thickness of the sail, we allowed margin space (offset) along the folding line and made holes at the intersection of offset lines to prevent distortion of film. In addition, to verify applicability of the blossom method, we fabricated quarter of the sail by using Mylar film and conducted a deployment experiment. If the blossom method is applied, storage ratio (storage volume: deployed area) is 1: 68.64, that is approximately 1.88 times more than the z-fold method of folding sailing.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.87-96
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the features of the standards of observation and measurement in foreign national science curriculums. For the purpose of this study, we analyzed the science standards of the USA (National Science Education Standards, the Science Standards of the State of California, Massachusetts, Colorado, Nebraska, Virginia and Florida), the United Kingdom (England), Singapore, Canada (the State of Alberta), Australia (the State of Victoria) and New Zealand. The results of the study indicated that foreign national science curriculums put an emphasis on accurate and systematical observation, usage of the five senses, usage of observation tools, and an understanding of observation. Regarding the 'measurement' factors, foreign national science curriculums emphasized systematic and accurate measurement. Measurement targets and tools were presented for each grade. The usage of appropriate units was also included in the foreign national curriculums which we examined.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.62
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• pp.200-222
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• 2013

A recent argument of network neutrality is converted by the differentiation of transmission and cost adjustment. However, It is raised that this phenomenon caused strategy for vertical integration operator to exclude a competitive operator. This study analyzed a number of instances about differentiation of transmission of ISP and problems of ISP that vertical integration in IX markets. The result of research, differentiation of transmission increased service differentiation about application programs used a best effort network like OTT or Smart TV. But this study was analyzed that a related law was vague for solving this issue. Besides, ISPs that is vertical integrated and commercial operated in an IX market discriminated competitive services, and this phenomenon can be proceeded plainly and orginated in an issue of a related law.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.325-330
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• 1996

전남지방의 전통 수산발효식품인 토하젓의 인지도 향상 및 국가경쟁력을 갖춘 지역특산품으로 발전시키기 위한 일련의 연구로써, 식품학적 기초자료를 얻기위하여 숙성기간이 다른 시판 토하젓을 구입하여 정미성분을 분석.검토하였다. 저온(5$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$)에서 90일간숙성시킨 토하젓의 전체 유리아미노산 함량은 건물당 1873.0mg/100g)보다 2배이상 많았다. 한편 숙성된 토하젓의 주요 유리아미노산(719.4mg/100g) 보다 2배 이상 많았다. 한편 숙성된 토하젓의 주요 유리아미노산은 glutamic acid, alanine, leucine, valine 및 phenylalanine으로 전체 유리아미노산에 대해 58.6%를 차지하였다. 핵산 관련물질은 담금 직후 및 숙성된 토하젓 모두 hypoxanthine의 함량이 월등히 많았으며, 그 다음으로 AMP 및 IMP순이였다. 그리고 숙성된 토하젓은 담금 직후의 토하젓과 비교해서 AMP 및 IMP는 적었으나, hypoxanthine의 함량은 많았다. 불휘발성 유기산을 GC분석한 결과, 담금 직후 및 숙성된 제품 모두에 lactic acid가 가장 많아 각각 건물당 389.3mg/100g 및 752.3mg/100g이였고, succinic acid는 미량 함유되어 있었다. 90일간 숙성된 TMAO, betaine 및 total creatinine 함량은 건물량 기준으로 각각 63.6mg/100g, 179.1mg/100g 및 123.7mg/100g이었다. Omission test를 이용하여 각정미성분을 관능검사한 결과, 유리아미노산 및 불휘발성 유기산이 토하젓의 맛에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 핵산 관련물질은 그다지 맛에 대한 기여도가 높지 않았다. 따라서 시판 토하젓의 맛에는 유리 아미노산 및 불휘발성 유기산이 중요한 역할을 하며, 핵산 관련물질이나 TMAO, betaine 및 total creatinine은 보조적인 역할을 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1133-1144
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• 2017

Cluster analysis with meteorological data allows to segment meteorological region based on meteorological characteristics. By the way, meteorological observed data are not adequate for cluster analysis because meteorological stations which observe the data are located not uniformly. Therefore the clustering of meteorological observed data cannot reflect the climate characteristic of South Korea properly. The clustering of $5km{\times}5km$ gridded data derived from a numerical model, on the other hand, reflect it evenly. In this study, we analyzed long-term grid data for temperatures and precipitation using cluster analysis. Due to the monthly difference of climate characteristics, clustering was performed by month. As the result of K-Means cluster analysis is so sensitive to initial values, we used initial values with Ward method which is hierarchical cluster analysis method. Based on clustering of gridded data, cluster of meteorological stations were determined. As a result, clustering of meteorological stations in South Korea has been made spatio-temporal segmentation.