• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.307-319
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of tele-physical therapy of health and non-health majors. It can provide basic research data for the provision of medical services in the future by identifying the level of awareness of the need for tele-physical therapy and the factors that affect it. Methods: The subjects were adults aged 20 to 29 in Korea, with 199 participants consisting of 83 health majors and 116 non-health majors. The survey was conducted over a period of 14 days. The survey comprised 19 questions, including 10 questions about general characteristics and 9 questions about tele-physical therapy recognition. The results were statistically analyzed using a statistical package program. Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding the recognition of tele-physical therapy, with an average of 2.64 points in health majors and an average of 1.71 points in non-health majors, showing a low overall score. There was no significant difference in perception of the necessity of tele-physical therapy, with an average of 3.71 points in health majors and an average of 3.49 points in non-health majors, showing a high score, which was defined as a score of 3 or higher. Conclusion: Health and non-health majors showed low awareness of tele-physical therapy. A high level of perceived necessity for tele-physical therapy was shown. In the perception of tele-physical therapy in health majors, 'awareness', 'health improvement', and 'convenience' affect the perception of the necessity of tele-physical therapy. In non-health majors, 'knowledge and skills', 'health improvement', 'expected treatment satisfaction', and 'resolving restrictions on hospital visits' affect the perception of the necessity of tele-physical therapy.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.605-634
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate families' responses and attitudes and the experiences of Korean LGBT individuals after revealing their sexual identity and sexual orientation and to determine how families' attitudes affected the mental health of these individuals. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were performed with 12 male and female LGBT participants, ranging from 19-30 years of age, who resided in Seoul and metropolitan areas, and reported coming out to or being outed by their families. One-to-one interviews were carried out using semi-structured questions, and the data from the interviews were analyzed using consensual qualitative research (CQR). Most of the families had very negative responses and attitudes to the participants coming out and exhibited rejection or avoidant attitudes; only a few of the families responded with receptive attitudes. As a result, the LGBT participants reacted with friction and coping behaviors, such as persuasion, participation in professional counseling, abandonment or avoidance, and running away from home. Most of the effects of the families' attitudes on the participants were negative psychological effects, such as anger, sadness, a sense of alienation, depression, anxiety, fear, trauma, helplessness, lowered self-esteem, alcohol dependence, and suicidal ideation and attempt, while receptive attitudes provided a sense of stability. For all participants, they reported that they were more likely to be hurt by their families' negative attitudes than by social attitudes. This study is significant because it provides framework for specifying families' attitudes and LGBT individuals' experiences after coming out in Korean society. It also outlines LGBT individuals' coping behaviors, psychological difficulties, and the process of coming out and provides suggestions for individuals to overcome. The results are expected to help counselors create practical strategies to better understand LGBT individuals and the psychological difficulties they may experience and provide proper interventions while counseling both the individual and the family.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.95
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• pp.59-93
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• 2011

Die vorliegende Abhandlung beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob Jacque Derrida das Problem des Global-Terrorismus im politisch-theologischen Sinne mit seiner Philosophie der Gastfreundschaft lösen kann. Fur Derrida ist der '11. September' das 'Ereignis', und das Symptom einer autoimmunitären Erkrakung der westlichen Welt. Derrida findet im '11. September Ereignis' die Struktur der Aneignung des Eignen und der Enteignung im Heideggerschen Sinne. Das 'major event' wird nicht in einer vergangenen Aggression bestanden haben, die präsent und wirksam ist und noch schlimmer in der Futur sein wird. Derrida versucht einen philosophischen, politisch-theologischen Ansatz zur Bedingungen der Möglichkeit der absoluten, vollkommenen Auflösung des Globalen Terrorismus zu programmieren. Dafür fordert er das Postulat Verwirklichung des 'Messianischen ohne Messianismus'. Die Gegenüberstellung zwei politischer Theologien zwischen der Europäischen Demokratie und der Islamischen Vereinigten Staaten kann erlöst werden, wenn die 'neue religiöse Spiritualität', die gegenüber der dogmatischen Religionswahrheit frei ist, mit der 'Wiederkehr der Religion' im echten Sinne vorkommt. In der 'Neuen Religion' Derridas ist der Begriff der 'Gastfreundschaft' wichtiger als der der 'Toleranz', den er als 'abrahamitisch' definiert. Die von Derrida postulierte neue Religion ist eine offene Religion, in der das Unvergebbare unbedingt zu vergeben ist. Ihre politische Transformation ist der Begriff der 'Neuen Europäischen Gemeinschaft' und des 'Anderen Kaps'. Derrida postuliert diese neue Idee des Kosmopolitismus als die notwendige Bedingung der vollkommenen Auflösung des autoimmunitären Global-Terrorismus.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2023

Blast furnace slag, a by-product of the steel industry, is mostly recycled as concrete admixture, but electric arc furnace slag has not been recycled to date. In particular, since electric arc furnace slag partially contains free lime (free-CaO) in the discharge, it is necessary to review this in order to recycle f or construction materials. Recently an atomizing process which is a method of rapidly cooling electric arc furnace slag has been developed and applied. Therefore, in order to use the fine aggregate of oxidized slag from electric furnace restored by this method as an aggregate for concrete, physical damage and chemical reviewing are required. In this study, a physical and chemical review was conducted on the fine aggregate of Electric Arc Furnace Oxidizing Slag (EFOS) as a by-product of the steel manufacturing process with atomizing process. In this experimental study, EFOS was experimentally examined about whether it can be used as concrete fine aggregate. Also, we intend to provide basic data for the future use of the EFOS fine aggregate. As a result of the experimental study, it was found that the fine aggregate of the EFOS satisfied the quality standards of the fine aggregate for concrete in most items specified by Korean Standard.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2023

This study aims to develop CLSM fill material for emergency restoration using landfill coal ash. As a result of examining physical properties such as particle size distribution and fines content of landfill coal ash, bottom ash, fly ash, and general soil were mixed, and SP was found to have a density of 2.03 and a residual particle pass rate of 7.8 %. CLSM materials that secure fluidity in unit quantities without using chemical admixtures such as glidants and water reducing agents have a high risk of material separation due to bleeding. As a result of this experiment, it was found that the bleeding ratio did not satisfy the standard in the case of the specimen with a large amount of fly ash and a lot of addition of mixing water. As a result of the compressive strength test, the strength development of 0.5 MPa or more for 4 hours was found to be satisfactory for the specimens using hemihydrate gypsum with a unit binder amount of 200 or more, and the remaining gypsum showed poor strength development. Although it is judged that landfill coal ash can be used as a CLSM material, it is necessary to identify and apply the physical and chemical characteristics of coal ash buried in the ash treatment plant of each power generation company.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.5-14
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• 2023

Recently, earthquakes have occurred frequently in worldwide. These earthquakes cause various forms of natural and physical damage. In particular, liquefaction in which the ground shows liquid-like behavior causes great damage to the structure. Accordingly, various liquefaction damage reduction methods are being studied and developed. Therefore, in this study, a method of reducing liquefaction damage in the event of an earthquake applicable to existing structures was studied using the sheet pile method. The 1-G Shaking table test was performed and the ground was constructed with Jumunjin standard sand. A two-story model structure was produced by applying the similitude law, and the input wave applied a sine wave with an acceleration level of 0.6 g and a frequency of 10 Hz. The effect of reducing structure damage according to various embedded depth ratio was analyzed. As a result of the study, the structure settlement when the ground is reinforced by applying the sheet pile method is decreased by about 71% compared to when the ground is not reinforced, and the EDR with minimum settlement is "1". In addition, as the embedded depth ratio is increased, the calculation of the pore water pressure in the ground tends to be delayed due to the sheet pile. Based on these results, the relationship with structural settlement according to the embedded depth ratio is proposed as a relational equation with the graph. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data in developing sheet pile methods applicable to existing structures in the future.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 2010

An experimental study was carried out on a reduced scale model tunnel to investigate the efficiency of disaster prevention at underground and ground ventilation equipments for the fire in road tunnels. Based on Froude modeling, the 1/50 scaled model tunnel (20 m long) was manufactured. The vertical shafts that are used in the analysis of efficiency of disaster prevention are the two models that had considered when the real tunnels are designed and the amounts of smoke exhaust are applied the miniature of the real tunnels' smoke exhaust, 560 and $280\;m^3/s$. As the result of analysis, it is the possible the emissions of the entire quantity of CO gas through the vertical shafts. In the ground ventilation equipments, the concentration of CO is discharged 2.23~2,73 ppm smaller than the underground ventilation equipments. And the temperature rise in the ground ventilation equipments is $0.53{\sim}0.94^{\circ}C$ lower than in the underground ventilation equipments because of a cooling effect of the surface of the tunnel wall. As a result of analysis of CO concentration and the temperature rise in the modeling ventilation equipment, the position of ground ventilation equipment is more effective than the underground ventilation equipment in disaster prevention measures.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.161-168
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• 2023

Converter slag is a by-product generated by refining the pig iron produced into molten steel in the blast furnace, occupying about 15 % of the weight of steel production. It has a high free-CaO content that can generate expansion cracks when used for concrete aggregate. This is the main reason to make it difficult to recycle. To solve this problem, government guideline requires that converter slag has to be aged in an open yard for 90 days. However, aging can not be perfectly performed because it entails time and cost. In this study, we tried to investigate the applicability of converter slag as a cementitious material rather than an aggregate by mixing converter slag with mortar formulations. According to the EDS results of the converter slag in the experiment, we found that screening in the aggregate phase was more effective than that in the powder phase. When the particles separated by a magnet in the aggregate state were pulverized and used for concrete up to a 15 % replacement ratio, various engineering characteristics, such as flow, length change, and compressive strength, showed engineering characteristics similar to those of the control mix.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.312-326
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• 2023

Purpose: This study attempted to analyze the staffing level and critical care nursing fees of intensive care units at tertiary and general hospitals and to provide a professional judgment-based recommendation on staffing level and critical care nursing fee schedules. Methods: Staffing grades and critical care nursing fee schedules for the first quarter of 2017~2020 and the fourth quarter of 2020~2022 were analyzed. A survey was conducted on nursing managers and nurses about the current and appropriate staffing levels. A total of 77 nurse managers and 708 nurses working in Intensive Care Unit(ICU)s at tertiary and general hospitals participated in the study. Results: Grade 1 staffing increased from 25.6% in 2017 to 92.1% in 2022 at tertiary hospitals and from 0.8% in 2017 to 28.4% in 2022 at general hospitals. The current staffing ratios of tertiary and general hospitals were 1:2.21 and 1:2.77, respectively. The appropriate staffing ratio according to nurse managers and nurses was 1:1.00 in patients with more than a ventilator application and 1:2.00 in patients without any ventilator application in tertiary hospitals, and it was 1:1.25 in patients with more than a ventilator application and 1:2.00 in patients without any ventilator application in general hospitals, respectively. Conclusion: The appropriate staffing level was suggested from 1:1.0 to 1:2.0. The new nursing fee schedules were suggested from 1:1.0 (Grade 1) to 1:3.0 (Grade 5) and recommended to be paid based on the staffing grade, minimum number of nurses, and standard annual working days. It is expected to increase staffing levels and provide a better nursing work environment.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.375-383
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• 2023

To determine the cause of the population decline in Gobiobotia naktongensis, substrate preference and burying behaviour were investigated in this study. In general, the species was shown to prefer a substrate size of 1 mm or less, depending on the flow. In addition, the burying depth varied according to the size of the fish and increased with a decrease in water temperature. Our findings showed that the main cause of the population reduction was the physical changes in the substrate structure due to the dams or barrages construction. Notably, the accumulation of silt and mud in the substrate upon the formation of an upstream lentic water region for structural construction and bed armouring caused by scouring and reduced downstream inflow of fine sediment were deterministic in the fish habitat changes, causing problems in burying. As sand substrate structure is critical for the survival and inhabitation of psammophilous species, efficient strategies should be developed with proper habitat management to reduce the anthropogenic damage