• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.13-21
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the sensory processing factors that contribute to the temperament and character traits in early childhood. Methods : In this cross-sectional study, caregivers of typically developing children aged 3-6 years responded to the Sensory Profile and the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory. Multiple regression analysis was performed with temperament and character traits as criterion variables and sensory processing quadrants as predictive variables. Results : Sensory sensitivity significantly predicted novelty seeking and cooperativeness. The high frequency of sensory sensitivity behavior was related to high novelty seeking and low cooperativeness. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that sensory sensitivity contributes to the novelty seeking temperament and cooperativeness character in early childhood.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.143-156
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• 2005

There is a growing interest in the education of gifted children nation-wide. The present study was performed to find out characteristics of students who are receiving special education as gifted using a new psychological inventory which measures the temperament and charcter separately. We compared students who have been selected for their trlent in math and science with students who do well academically. Academic competence was operationally defined by grades or by IQ. Gifted children are usually thought to be characterized by an innate ability, and it was expected that there would be some difference between temperaments of the gifted group and those of the academically competent group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups not only in their temperaments, but also in other sub-scales of character. This result suggests that in spite of the extensive effort and cost involved in the selection process, the children who are currently selected as gifted show no distinction when compared to academically competent students. Based on the results some practical suggestions were made in order to improve the selection of the gifted children.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1_spc
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• pp.391-407
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• 2008

In order to observe from a cross-cultural point of view, the temperament and character of German and Korean adolescents were compared. The 715 German subjects aged 12-18(M=14.70, SD=1.80) and 1411 Korean subjects of the same age(M=15.18, SD=1.69) were assessed through JTCI 12-18 as to whether there exist differences in temperament and character between the two groups. According to the outcomes of the t-test, the German and Korean adolescents show significant differences in all 6 main scales of temperament and character, with only one exception in the character scale, that of 'self-transcendence.' If we analyze the effect size, because even small differences in great samples becomes statistically significant differences, the significant outcomes appeared only in two scales, one of temperament(Harm Avoidance) and the other of character(Self-Directedness): Korean subjects showed a higher tendency of Harm Avoidance related to inhibitions and anxiety and a lower tendency of Self-Directedness, meaning self-acceptance, purposefulness etc. Sex-differences according to the effect size showed only on the scale of Reward Dependence, which was the same in both samples. The outcomes are discussed according to the concepts of individualism and collectivism which are used to divide the Western and Asian cultures. It is also suggested to view these outcomes in the education-political and social bases of each country.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.38-47
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• 2022

Objective : We investigated how sensory processing patterns contribute to temperament and character traits in undergraduate students. Methods : A total of 107 undergraduate students were recruited in September 2022 via convenient sampling method. They completed the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile and the Temperament and Character Inventory. Multiple regression models were applied to analyze the effect of sensory processing quadrants (low registration, sensation seeking, sensory sensitivity, sensation avoiding) on each temperament (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, persistence) and character (self-directedness, cooperativeness, self-transcendence) traits. Results : Sensation seeking significantly predicted high levels of novelty seeking, reward dependence, persistence, self-directedness, and self-transcendence but low harm avoidance. Low registration predicted high harm avoidance but low levels of reward dependence, persistence, and self-directedness. Reward dependence was predicted by high sensory sensitivity and low sensation avoiding. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that sensory processing patterns affected novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, persistence, self-directedness, and self-transcendence in young adults.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.89-107
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• 2013

Research on entrepreneurial giftedness is in its initial stage and the importance is increasing these days. The purpose of this article was to provide a standard type of entrepreneurial gifted students by measuring their temperament and character separately. In the year of 2010 to 2011 participants of 'Future Creative Entrepreneur' projects which was governed by Korean Patent Office and Korean Intellectual Property Association participated the present study. They composed of middle and high school students and the total number of them was 246. For all the 7 temperament and character scales; the novelty seeking, the harm avoidance, the reward dependence, the persistence, the self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence, scores of the entrepreneurial gifted students were significantly different from the norm group (average students at the same age). In a nut shell, entrepreneurial gifted students were optimistic in their temperament and mature in their character. They also manifested high ability of adjustment and control so they can manage their features of temperament which include all the advantages and weaknesses. The Entrepreneurial gifted students were differentiated from gifted science and math students, academically competent group, and high IQ group. Implications and further research directions were discussed.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.117-134
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• 2019

The study is to compare the temperaments and characters of the gifted in invention with those of the genearl students, and also the characteristics of the subgroups of the gifted in invention through the LPA analysis. The results of the study are as follows: First, we compared the results of JTCI (Junior Temperament and Character Inventory) between the students entering Institute of Invention Science Education and the general students; through this comparison, we found out that the gifted in invention are more creative and willing to accept, generally feel more positive, and have the motivation to pursue meaningful goals and values above the personal needs than the non-gifted. Second, through the LPA analysis, the gifted in invention were divided into two subgroups; one group which showed far higher scores on pursuing stimulus, the subscale of temperaments, and slightly higher scores on autonomy, the subscale of characters, and the other group which showed the similar scores on pursuing stimulus and far higher scores on autonomy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.165-178
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• 2022

In this study, to explore the psychological and biosocial characteristics of the temperament and character's latent profile group, first, the latent group was identified with the seven variables of the Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI), and second, the difference between the psychological and biosocial characteristics of three identified latent groups. A total of 287 university students participated, and the latent groups was identified through latent profile analysis, a human-centeted statistical method, using Cloninger's TCI, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(CERQ), Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS), Composite Scale of Moriningness(CSM), Pittsburgh Sleep Qulity Index(PSQI), and Satisfaction With Life Scale(SWLS). As result, first, three latent groups were identified through latent profile analysis using the seven variables of TCI. second, significant differences were identified in CERQ, PANAS, which are psychological variables, CSM, PSQI, and SWLS, which are biosocial variables among the latent groups. In conclusion, the importance of Self-Directedness(SD), a character factor that can be developed rather than Harm-Avoidance(HA), a temperament factor from nature, was confirmed. And the necessity of follow-up studies on psychological and biosocial variables for adaptive and mature personality was discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2011.01a
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• pp.323-326
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• 2011

본 연구는 재학생들에 대한 게임 과몰입 위험요인과 보호요인으로 작용하는 기질 및 성격적 특성을 살펴봄으로써 게임 과몰입으로 인해 학업 및 대학생활 적응에서 어려움을 겪는 학생들을 돕기 위한 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 게임 과몰입이 학업적응 및 학업성취와의 관련성과 게임 과몰입 방안을 마련하기 위한 기질 및 성격적 특성에서의 위험요인과 보호요인을 확인할 수 있다.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.25-46
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate gifted students' gender difference in ego state and personality, the characteristics of the functional types and the temperable types in personality traits and relations between gifted students' ego state and their personality traits by Ego-gram test based on Borne's personality theory and MMTIC test based on Jung's psychological theory. The subjects of this study were 230 of gifted students of K Gifted Center, The data analyzed by chi-square, t-test, one-way anova in accordance with each research question. The results of this study can be used as the material data for academic and career counseling and for guidance in students' human relationships. The results showed that there were gender differences in the ego state and personality traits in two dimensions. Second, gifted students showed significant difference from Korean standardization in the functional types and the temperable types of personality. These results showed that there were solid relations between the types of ego-gram and personality of gifted students.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 2023

Objectives : The purpose of this study was investigating the differences in temperament, personality, and cognitive function among athletes and non-athletes, as well as differences within athlete groups participating in different-paced sports like baseball and basketball. Methods : A total of 57 professional basketball players, 51 professional baseball players, and 44 non-athletes subjected to temperament and characteristics inventory assessments and computerized neurocognitive function test. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to analyze the average differences in demographic characteristics, temperament, personality traits, and cognitive functions among the three groups, followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests. Comparisons between starters and non-starters within the athlete groups were conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results : In the analysis of temperament, the basketball and baseball player groups exhibited higher reward dependence and persistence compared to the control group. Additionally, in the assessment of personality traits, both basketball and baseball player groups scored higher in self-directedness and cooperativeness compared to the control group, whereas self-transcendence scores were lower. In cognitive ability assessments, baseball and basketball players outperformed the control group in emotional perception tests. Both baseball and basketball players showed lower card movement counts compared to the control group. Conclusions : This study compared the differences in temperament, personality, and cognitive abilities between professional basketball and baseball players and non-athletes. These results provide valuable insights into the temperament, personality, and cognitive abilities of professional athletes, contributing important information for athlete development and coaching goals in the future.