• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5849-5859
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to find out the impact of age and hypertensive status on postprandial hypotension(PPH). Twenty-six hypertensive elderly ($77.7{\pm}7.2$ years old), twenty-five normotensive elderly ($80.2{\pm}6.8$ years old) and twenty-six young adults ($20.0{\pm}1.5$ years old) took part in the study. The blood pressure (BP) and heart rates (HR) were measured every 15 minutes, from 30 minutes before a meal to 90 minute after a meal in sitting position, using an ambulatory blood pressure monitor. In the hypertensive group, postprandial reduction in systolic BP continued from 30minutes to 90minutes. The reductuion rate of systolic BP of hypertensive elderly group was significantly greater than other groups (p<.05). However, there were no significant differences in trend of HR change between the groups (p=.082). The incidence of PPH was significantly higher in the hypertensives than other groups (73.1% vs 24% vs 0%, respectively, p=.001). In conclusion, age and hypertensive status had a significant impact on PPH. Elderly persons require more intensive BP monitoring and nursing intervention.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 1990

In the past decades there has been a growth of interest in the use of stellate ganglion block (SGB) as part of the diagnosis and therapy for the disease of the head, neck and upper extremities. For the evaluation of changes in hemodynamics and temperature of the affected extremity after the SGB, unilateral SGB (either right or left) was performed by local injection of 10 ml of 1% lidocaine without epinephrine in 45 patients (right side SGB: 25, left side SGB: 20) with various diseases. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate and skin temperature of the ipsilateral hand were studied before and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 minutes after the block. The results were as follows: 1) Changes of blood pressure: Systolic and distolic blood pressure after either right or left side SGB showed no statistically significant change. 2) Changes of pulse rate: While the left side SGB showed a mild decrease without statistical significance, the right side SGB showed a statistically significant decrease at 30 and 60 minutes after the block (p<0.05). 3) Changes of skin temperature of the blocked hand: Either side SGB produced a gradual increase in temperature with time and showed statistical significance from 10 minutes in the left side block (p<0.01), and a from 10 minutes after the block in the right side (p<0.01). Both sides SGB showed a maximal increase at 30 minutes after the block and a small decrease at 60 minutes after the block compared to the 30 minutes value. 4) Despite the successful SGB. 4 of 45 patients failed to produce a significant increase in skin temperature on the affected upper extremity. In conclusion, unilateral SGB with 1% lidocaine at the 6th cervical vertebral level is a safe method for use on an outpatient basis, and an increase in skin temperature in the affected upper extremity is necessary to confirm the successful therapeutic effect on disease of the upper extremity.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.91-102
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• 1990

The effects of extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ and various $Ca^{2+}$ antagonists on endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine were studied in the isolated rabbit thoracic aorta in order to elucidate the control mechanism of endothelium derived relaxing factor (EDRF) release. Endothelium was removed from aortic strips by gentle rubbing with cotton ball. The effect of hemoglobin on basal tension was also observed with hemolysate. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) to acetylcholine (ACh) showed biphasic pattern; the initial rapid relaxation phase and the late slow relaxation phase. 2) With the depletion of the extracellular $Ca^{2+}$, EDR was gradually suppressed, especially the late slow relaxation. 3) Verapamil, nifedipine, $Mn^{2+}$ and $Cd^{2+}$ had not any effect on EDR, while $La^{3+}$ and $Co^{2+}$ suppressed EDR completely. 4) The resting tension of the strips with rubbed endothelium was not altered by the addition of hemoglobin. That of the strips with intact endothelium, however, was enhanced and EDR to ACh was completely blocked From these results, we suggest that extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ is necessary for ACh-induced slow relaxation while $Ca^{2+}$ antagonists have not any effect on EDR.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.236-247
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of health program s on hypertension in a public health center located in Y-si. Most interesting were the effects on hypertension-related knowledge, self-care behavior, quality of life, and physiological parameters for hypertensive patients. Nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was employed. A total of 48 patients with hypertension living in Y-si were assigned to either the experimental group (n=23) or the control group (n=25). The experimental group was provided with an 8-week health program on hypertension between August 31 and October 23 in 2015. Data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 21.0 using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test. The result indicated a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group with respect to the scores of hypertension-related knowledge (t=-3.76, p<.001), self-care behavior (t=-3.33, p=.002), physiological parameters, including systolic blood pressure (t=6.27, p<.001) and diastolic blood pressure (t=4.70, p<.001), total cholesterol levels (t=3.08, p=.003), and Abdominal circumference (t=2.52, p=.015). We conclude that the self-group program on hypertension has a significant effect on the change of hypertension-related knowledge and self-care behavior for hypertensive patients.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.218-226
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• 2020

This study aims to evaluate the effect of mobile healthcare service which was provided to employees diagnosed with hypertension in employee's health checkup. The study subjects were 146 employees and nurse measured their blood pressure, body mass index, and blood tests at the clinic in a workplace. The general characteristics of the participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics. After providing health care service using mobile text message for 8 weeks, blood test and blood pressure was measured. As a result, it was confirmed that blood pressure(SBP: 139.32±10.38 → 133.96±11.31, DBP: 98.13±6.21 → 94.28±8.56) and blood test(HDL: 47.90±9.79 → 51.40±9.79, HbA1C: 5.96±.66 → 5.65±.71) were more significantly reduced in 56 employees with a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or more. It was confirmed that the program for self-management of blood pressure by receiving text messages on a mobile basis was effective. It is expected that the results of this study will be used as basic data for healthcare services that provide text information using mobile to improve drug usage, physical exercise, and eating habits.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.53-80
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of the number of bank relationships in Korea. Firm-specific determinants considered here include leverage, size, age, return on asset, investment grade, tangibility, liquidity, R&D expenditure. We estimate the effects of these variables, and compare the results with those from previous studies performed for other economies. Concerning the effects of business cycle, we find that the business cycle is an important factor in determining the number of bank relationships. The number of bank relationships varies over the business cycle, and we notice a counter-cyclical behavior, which means the number decreases during economic expansions and increases during contractions. This result can be interpreted as a result of firms' diversification of borrowings into multiple banks in order to reduce the liquidity risk during the recession. In the subsets, however, the number of bank relationships for large firms is stable regardless of the business cycle. Unlisted firms, non-chaebol, and low credit quality firms which have relatively limited access to alternative sources of financing show counter-cyclical behavior. Finally, such phenomena is not observed in the non-competitive credit market, while they show a counter-cyclical behavior in the competitive credit market.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.1049-1056
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• 2016

The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, particularly in Asian regions such as Korea. It is estimated that the number of diabetic patients will exceed 5 million by 2030 and that about 30% of people with diabetes are unaware of their condition. A comparative analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between dairy food intake and pre-diabetes risk factors in subjects that visited the health examination center of Sunhan Hospital, Republic of Korea. Subjects were classified into two groups according to fasting blood glucose concentrations: 1) normal (fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL, n=57) and 2) pre-diabetes (100 mg/dL${\leq}$ fasting blood glucose ${\leq}125mg/dL$, n=56). Total dairy food intake tended to be lower in females and subjects with pre-diabetes compared with males and normal subjects, respectively; however, differences between groups were not significant due to a wide range of variations. HbA1c, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly associated with the prevalence of pre-diabetes. Odds ratios for pre-diabetes were significantly reduced per incremental increases in dairy food intakes after adjusting for confounding factors. Findings in the current study suggest that appropriate intake of dairy foods may need to be considered for the prevention of pre-diabetes.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.35-40
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• 2020

Recently, devices such as smart watches capable of measuring small biosignals have been released. Body composition, blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation can be easily obtained. However, the part that is not trusted by the user is accuracy. These biosignals are sensitive to the external environment and have large fluctuations depending on the conditions inside the subject's body. Blood pressure measurements, in particular, still give different results, depending on how the conditions in the body are handled. Therefore, in this study, PPG was analyzed to measure PTT at two points of 80% and 100%, the highest in PTT measurement. The effect of the measured value on SBP and DBP was analyzed and a method was proposed to increase the accuracy. As a result of the study, the measured value of PTT at 80% of the peak PPG is more effective in estimating blood pressure of SBP and DBP than the value measured at 100%. In the regression analysis of the rate of change blood pressure estimation, the coefficient of determination of SBP (80%) was 0.6946, and DBP (100%) was 0.547.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2011

Expression analysis of development-related genes was conducted using differential screening of 6-month-old [18M(-), 6M-18M] specific and 18-month-old [6M(-), 18M-6M] specific subtracted cDNA libraries constructed by subtractive hybridization using skeletal muscle of 6- and 18-month-old dark-banded rockfish Sebastes inermis. A total 202 cDNA clones displaying different expression levels in each stage were obtained; among them, 32 clones showing up-regulation were finally selected for further expression analysis. We sequenced the clones and analyzed individual sequences. Genes expressed specifically in 6-month-old skeletal muscle were identified as myosin, adenylate kinase, calsequestrin, dystrobrevin beta, and diphosphate kinase-Z1. Genes showing strong expression in 18-month-old rockfish were identified as desmin, TGFBR2 (transforming growth factor-beta receptor), muscle-type creatine kinase, and cathepsin D. Expression of these genes was checked further in 6-18-30-42 month-old dark-banded rock fish. Rapid reduction of expression was observed in dystrobrevin beta and diphosphate kinase. However, expression of creatine kinase (muscle type) and cathepsin D increased as dark-banded rockfish grew, and remained even after 18 months. The results reported here demonstrate that genes related to muscles contract are expressed at an early stage of development, and genes controlling energy in muscles are predominantly expressed at a late developmental stage.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1278-1283
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12-week aerobic exercise training on cardiac QT intervals and cardiovascular risk profiles in type 1 diabetic children. Eleven type 1 diabetic children aged 9-17 years took part in this study as subject. The participants performed aerobic exercise training three times a week for total 12 weeks. The intensity of the training was adjusted at HRR 45% until three weeks and at HRR 55% since four weeks. After a 12-week aerobic exercise training systolic (p<0.05) and diastolic (p<0.05) blood pressure of the subjects was decreased. There was significant decrease in cardiac QT intervals (p<0.05), TC level (p<0.05), and HDL-C level (p<0.05). Therefore, the results of this study suggest that long-term regular physical activity of type 1 diabetic children considered exercise intensity and frequency may effect and play a important role in the prevention of diabetic complications and cardiovascular health care.