• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.203-208
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between pulmonary function, serum lipid and pulse pressure, which is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease, in subjects with 109 office workers(51 males and 58 females) be at Seoul, Korea. The mean age of the subjects was $43.44{\pm}7.23$ years old (male $43.44{\pm}7.27$, fenale $49.1{\pm}11.5$). The subjects' height, weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured and there was statistical difference between men and women.The mean pulse pressure of the subjects was $47.82{\pm}9.02mmHg$, and the mean of FVC was $84.26{\pm}9.91%$. There was no difference between men and women in both. There was a positive correlation between pulse pressure and systolic blood pressure in males (p<0.01) and females (p<0.01), and FVC and HDL in males were positively correlated (p<0.05). Pulse pressure and %FVC were negatively correlated (r =-0.267, P<0.01). Pulse pressure and %FVC were negatively correlated (r =-0.267, P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that PP was the independent affected %FVC. Therefore, pulse pressure and %FVC may be useful as a predictor of cardiovascular disease in middle-aged subjects with normal, suggest a long-term convergence follow-up is warranted to elucidate the incidence of cardiovascular disease.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.41 no.2 s.113
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• pp.227-243
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• 2006

This paper reviews how electronic media technologies involve and produce time-space dimensions in geometrical spaces, focusing on four theoretical perspectives: van Dijk's dual structure of networks as scale extension and reduction; Latour's actor-networks as fluid and hybrid networks; Virilio's dromospherical time as global media vectors; and Castells' timeless time as non-sequential flows. In these four theoretical perspectives, we can see that electronic media technologies involve different and multiple time-space dimensions in geometrical media spaces: from the two-dimensional spaces (surfaces) of concentric circles, through the one-dimensional spaces (lines) of actor-networks to the zero-dimensional spaces (points) of dromospherical time and finally to the multi-dimensional spaces (hypertexts) of timeless time. The paper concludes by suggesting that we need to explain electronic media spaces not only in terms of geometrical media spaces but also in terms of geographical media spaces in order to understand the ways in which electronic media spaces are dis/embedded in geographical spaces.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.161-168
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• 2014

This study conducted a comparative analysis of the contraction pattern of trunk and lower limbs muscles of handicapped children with brain lesions during the use of foam pad and air pad for fixing a standing table to the body for pediatric patients with brain lesions using a standing table product applied with a pneumatic air fitting system. There was a difference in the measurement of muscle strength activity by muscle in accordance with pad type (foam pad vs. air pad). A large difference was found with big movements (movements of eating), while a small difference was discovered with small movements (writing and reading movements). This was found to furnish a little more comfort to users compared with the existing foam pad during the use of a standing table product applied with a pneumatic air fitting system.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.170-177
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• 1996

신체의 활력을 측정하는 혈압은 다른 어느 측정치보다 변동이 심하고 정상적으로 변할 수 있는 생리적 현상이어서 정확하게 측정하기란 쉽지 않다. 1mmHg 차이의 혈압일지라도, 특히 큰 집단일 경우, 연구목적에서 그 결과를 크게 왜곡 시킬 수 있다. (Wright & dore, 1970). 혈압 측정에는 직접적 방법과 간접적 방법이 있다. 이 중 간접적 방법은 임상분야와 연구분야에서 실제로 넓게 사용되고 있을 분만 아니라 신체로의 직접적 침투하는 방법도 아니고 가격 또한 비싸지 않다. 그러나, 간접적 측정 방법은 혈압에 영향을 끼치는 많은 요인들인 관찰자 편견, 확장기음의 청취음 선택, 관찰자와 환자 사이의 상호관계 때문에 방법론적으로 문제제기가 되기도 한다. 이런 요인을 최소화하기 위하여 가장 타당도가 높은 측정도구의 선택이 필요하다. 도시지역의(Ease Baltimore) 고혈압을 가진 젊은 흑인 남성(연령별/성별/종속별/거주지역) 중 수축기 혈압이 140mmHg 이고 확장기 혈압이 90mmHg인 사람, 또는 확장기 혈압이 90mmHg인 사람, 또는 혈압하강제를 먹고 있는 사람 200명을 대상으로 훈련받은 community health worker(CHW)에 의해 Random-Zero Sphygmdmanometer(RZS)와 Digit Automatic Device(DAD)로 혈압을 측정하게 하였다. 이 중 36명을 무작위 추출하여 regular Mercury Sphygmdmanometer (RMS)로 혈압을 측정하게 했다. Bland 와 Altman에 의해 제기된 두측정값의 차이에 대한 scattergram(일치도 검증법)과 AAMI(Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrument) 기준, BHS 기준, Central Tendency와 숫자선호도로 검증되었다. AAMI와 BHS 기준에 의하면 확장기 혈압에서 RZS와 DAD의 일치도와 평균을 중심으로 더 넓게 퍼져있어 낮은 일치도를 보였으며 또 DAD와 RMS의 혈압치는 숫자 선호도를 볼 수 있는데 특히 RMS는 더 뚜렷하게 나타났는데 확장기 혈압의 최빈치(30.6)는 100mmHg이었다. 혈압치들이 가장 가까이 "0"점으로 치우쳐져 있었다. RZS의 Central tendency는 DAD와 RMS보다 뚜렷하였다. 결론적으로 RZS는 이 연구목적으로 가장 적절함을 보여준다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.468-472
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• 2013

A 12-year-old intact female mixed dog (weighing 6.2 kg) was referred with primary complaints of severe abdominal distension, persistent coughing and exercise intolerance. Diagnostic studies found ascites, jugular distension, loud left and right apical systolic (grade 4/6) murmur, generalized cardiomegaly with caudal vena cava distension and left atrial dilation. Echocardiographic findings were consistent with degenerative mitral and tricuspid valve endocardiosis and bi-ventricular congestive heart failure. There was also a left to right shunting patent foramen ovale. The LV systolic function is depressed relative to the degree of volume overload. Based on diagnostic findings, this case was diagnosed as PFO complicated with mitral and tricuspid valve endocardiosis with ISACHC IIIa heart failure. The dog was treated with furosemide (2 mg/kg, q12hr, PO), sildenafil (1 mg/kg, q8hr, PO), pimobendan (0.3 mg/kg, q12hr, PO), enalapril (0.5 mg/kg, q12hr, PO) and spironolactone (1 mg/kg, q12hr). The clinical signs were gradually improved after medical therapy.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.105-114
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• 2011

The snake algorithm is widely adopted to track objects by extracting the active contour of the object from background. However, it fails to track the target converging to the background if there exists background whose gradient is greater than that of the pixels on the contour. Also, the contour may shrink when the target moves fast and the snake algorithm misses the boundary of the object in its searching window. To alleviate these problems, we propose an improved algorithm that can track object contour more robustly. Firstly, we propose two external energy functions, the edge energy and the contrast energy. One is designed to give more weight to the gradient on the boundary and the other to reflect the contrast difference between the object and background. Secondly, by computing the motion vector of the contour from the difference of the two consecutive frames, we can move the snake pointers of the previous frame near the region where the object boundary is probable at the current frame. Computer experiments show that the proposed method is more robust to the complicated background than the previously known methods and can track the object with fast movement.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.380-385
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• 2016

Nanocelluloses, mainly cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC, i.e., defect-free, rod-like crystalline residues after acid hydrolysis of fibers), have been the subject of recent interest. Due to the presence of hydroxyl groups on the surface of nanocelluloses, their surfaces are reactive, making them suitable candidates for reinforcing materials for manufacturing polymer composites. In this study, CNF was used as a reinforcing material for manufacturing cement composites. CNF was prepared by TEMPO (2,2,6,6,-tetramethyl piperidine-1-oxyl radical) oxidation procedure combined with extensive homogenization and ultrasonication. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of the suspension showed the width of CNF between 10 and 15 nm. The compressive strength of cement composites containing 0.5% CNF was comparable to that of conventional cement composites. On the other hand, the tensile and flexural strength were improved by 49.7% and 38.8%, respectively, compared to those of conventional cement composites. Also, at an ambient condition, the degree of self-shrinkage reduction reached to 18.9% in one day, followed by 5.9% in 28 days after molding.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.205-212
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• 2002

Bioactive compounds of Chung-pi methoxy flavonoids were isolated by column chromatography and preparative chromatography, and investigated on the smoothing effect for the tracheal smooth muscle of rats. The tracheal smooth muscles of rats were treated with acetylcholine ($ED_{50}:3${\times}$10^{-6}M$) and with chromatographic fractions. We found that six-methoxylated flavonoid (nobiletin) was the most active compound fro the smoothing effect of which the contracted tracheal smooth muscle was screened with further separated ethyl acetate fraction. This result shows how nobiletin and its analogues could be using as a promising drug of bronchial asthma.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2009

배경: 보툴리눔 독소 A형은 강직성 질환을 비롯한 여러 질환의 치료제로 널리 사용되고 있다. 최근에 보툴리눔 독소 A형은 근육비대를 치료하기 위해 널리 이용되고 있다. 하지만 보툴리눔 독소의 근육비대의 치료효과에 대해서 알려진 바가 거의 없다. 본 연구는 토끼 정강뼈 근육에 보툴리눔 A, B형을 주입 후 시간경과에 따른 근육의 위축을 확인하여 근육비대의 치료에 보툴리눔 B형이 효과적인지 확인하고자 하였다. 방법: 36마리의 토끼를 4그룹으로 분류하였다(1 그룹: 생리식염수 주사: 2 그룹: 보툴리눔 독소 A, B - 2U, 3 그룹: 보툴리눔 독소 A, B - 5U, 4 그룹: 보툴리눔 독소 A, B - 10U). 정강뼈근육에 보툴리눔 독소 A, B형을 주입 후 1, 2, 4주에 정강뼈 근육의 부피를 측정하였다. 신경자극기를 이용하여 독소 주입 후 1, 2, 4주의 근육의 단일 수축을 확인하여 근육기능의 변화여부를 확인하였다. 결과: 보툴리눔 독소 B형을 주입시 통계적으로 유의하지 않지만 A형에 비해 근육 부피의 감소가 관찰되었다(P>0.05). 반면, 근육의 단일 수축은 보툴리눔의 용량에 관계없이 B형을 주입한 근육에서 더 높게 관찰 되었다. 결론: 보툴리눔 독소 B형을 주입한 경우 근육 기능의 회복속도는 빠른 반면 근육의 위축은 A형에 비해 더 오랫동안 지속되었다. 따라서 근육비대의 치료에 있어 보툴리눔 독소 B형이 A형보다 보다 더 효과적이라고 사료된다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.227-235
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• 2010

This paper introduces the design of a bridge transport system with a telescopic tube for positioning equipment to perform remote handling tasks in a radioactive facility. It consists of an extensible and retractable telescopic tube assembly for z-direction motion, a cabling system for management of power and signal cables, and a trolley system for transverse motion and accommodating servo drives. The working environment for the bridge transport system with the telescopic tube requires strict geometrical constraints, including a short height, short telescopic tube length when retracted, and a long stroke. These constraints were met by solving a nonlinear programming problem involving the optimal dimensions. This paper introduces a cabling system for effective management of cables with changeable lengths to accommodate telescopic motions and a selection guide for servo drives that are sufficient to drive the system.