• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1063-1076
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• 2017

To improve the productivity of the earthwork, a fleet management system for construction equipment was suggested in previous studies. But there were some gaps between theory and practice. To overcome this problem, some opinions are gathered form experts and field engineers and four improvements have been proposed and reflected in the system. First, the previous system consists of one hardware module, so it is hard to install it at a control office and construction equipment at the same time. The server module for the office and the mobile module for construction equipment are separately developed. Second, the transportation algorithm that is used in the previous system can generate shortest paths for the earthwork distribution, but embankment areas are not gathered. This situation leads to a decrease in compaction productivity. A modified algorithm for earthwork distribution is suggested. Third, the automated coordinate transformation is performed to show the position of construction equipment on the 3D terrain in real-time. Fourth, construction equipment groups should be formed in the initial stage of earthwork and the number of equipment of each groups should be changed by operation status and site environment. But this functions did not work properly in the previous system. This problem is corrected in the proposed system. The improvements can make the proposed system much more realistic one and can leads to an increase in the productivity of earthwork operations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.496-503
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• 2020

The regeneration of Incheon Inner Port is a recent, representative case of conflict related to urban policies. This study aimed to analyze the conflicts that have arisen during the urban regeneration process. This study was a qualitative study, and the conflict management strategy was derived by analyzing the conflict process, subject, and content. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, central governmental agencies have proposed a clear plan that is mainly focused on the port redevelopment project through the participation of private sector businesses. Second, Incheon is pursuing a new vision called "Creative City" with specific urban regeneration. Third, the Incheon Port Authority is required to maximize the efficiency of the regeneration projects. Fourth, organizations such as port logistics companies and port trade unions are demanding the use of port space. Fifth, local residents and civic groups insist that the entire Inner Harbor should be returned to the citizens. Therefore, the establishment of city planning and administrative guidelines is necessary to manage Incheon Inner Harbor and surrounding areas in a desirable manner in order to develop a regeneration philosophy for Incheon Inner Harbor. Furthermore, the establishment of cooperative governance is required for the participation of various stakeholders.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.472-477
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• 2003

멸종위기종의 서식지를 효율적으로 관리하기 위해서는 해당 종의 서식 가능한 지역의 분포를 알아야 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 GIS와 퍼지집합을 이용하여 산양(Nemorhaedus caudatus)의 서식지적합성모형을 개발하여 멸종 위기종의 서식지를 관리하기 위한 정보를 제공하는 것이다. 산양의 서식지적합성모형 개발을 위한 본 연구의 주요내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 산양 서식지 이용에 관한 기존 연구를 바탕으로 산양의 잠재적 서식지 환경변수를 분류하였으며, 분석 대상지의 산양 흔적 조사를 통해 서식지 환경변수의 재분류 및 x²검정(Chi-square test)을 통한 변수들의 유용성을 파악하고, 쌍체비교를 통한 환경변수별 가중치를 계산하였다. 둘째, 기존 부울논리(boolean logic)의 단점을 보완하기 위해 현장 조사의 결과를 바탕으로 퍼지논리(fuzzy logic)에 의한 산양 서식지의 각 환경변수별 주제도를 작성하고, 주제도들의 상관관계를 분석하여 상호 관련성이 높은 변수들의 중복을 피하였다. 셋째, 환경변수별 주제도와 변수별 가중치를 바탕으로 다기준평가기법(MCE, Multi-Criteria Evaluation)을 이용하여 분석대상지의 산양 서식지적합성모형을 개발하였다. 마지막으로, 개발된 서식지적합성모형의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 분석대상지 외부 지역을 대상으로 검증을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 분석대상지의 분류정확도는 서식가능성 0.5를 기준으로 93.94%의 매우 높은 분류정확도를 나타내었으며, 검증대상지에서는 95.74%의 분류정확도를 나타내어 본 모형의 분류정확도는 일관성이 높은 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 전체 공원구역에서 서식가능성 0.5이상의 면적은 59%를 차지하였다.퇴적이 우세한 것으로 관측되었다.보체계의 구축사업의 시각이 행정정보화, 생활정보화, 산업정보화 등 다양한 분야와 결합하여 보다 큰 시너지 효과와 사용자 중심의 서비스 개선을 창출할 수 있는 기반을 제공할 것을 기대해 본다.. 이상의 결과를 종합해볼 때, ${\beta}$-glucan은 고용량일 때 직접적으로 또는 $IFN-{\gamma}$ 존재시에는 저용량에서도 복강 큰 포식세로를 활성화시킬 뿐 아니라, 탐식효율도 높임으로써 면역기능을 증진 시키는 것으로 나타났고, 그 효과는 crude ${\beta}$-glucan의 추출조건에 따라 달라지는 것을 알 수 있었다.eveloped. Design concepts and control methods of a new crane will be introduced in this paper.and momentum balance was applied to the fluid field of bundle. while the movement of′ individual material was taken into account. The constitutive model relating the surface force and the deformation of bundle was introduced by considering a representative prodedure that stands for the bundle movement. Then a fundamental equations system could be simplified considering a steady state of the process. O

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.155-188
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• 2017

On the one hand, the 4th Industrial Revolution provides a positive opportunity to build a new civilization paradigm for mankind. However, on the other hand, due to the 4th Industrial Revolution, artificial intelligence such as 'Goggle Alpha Go' revolutionized and even the human ability was replaced with a 'Silicon Chip' as the opportunity to communicate decreases, the existence of human beings is weakened. And there is a growing concern that the number of violent crimes, such as psychopath, which hunts humans as games, will increase. Moreover, recent international terrorism is being developed in a form similar to 'Psychopathic Violent-Crime' that indiscriminately attacks innocent people. So, the probability that terrorist organizations abuse the positive effects provided by the Fourth Industrial Revolution as means of terrorism is increasing. Therefore, the paradigm of aviation terrorism is expected to change in a way that attacks airport facilities and users rather than aircraft. Because airport facilities are crowded, and psychopathic terrorists are easily accessible. From this point of view, our counter terrorism system of aviation has many weak points in various aspects such as: (1) limitations of counter-terrorism center (2) inefficient on-site command and control system (3) separated organization for aviation security consultation (4) dispersed information collection function in government (5) vulnerable to cyber attack (6) lack of international cooperation network for aviation terrorism. Consequently, it is necessary to improve the domestic counter terrorism system of aviation so as to preemptively respond to the international terrorism. This study propose the following measures to improve the aviation security system by (1) create 'Aviation Special Judicial Police' (2) revise the anti-terrorism law and aviation security law (3) Strengthening the ability respond to terrorism in cyberspace (4) building an international cooperation network for aviation terrorism.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.81-94
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to test the applicability of landscape metrics for quantifying and monitoring the landscape structure in the Geumho River watershed, which has undergone heavy environmental disturbances. Landscape metrics were computed from land cover maps(1985, 1999) for the forest patches. The number of variables were reduced from 12 metrics to 3 factors through factor analysis. These factors accounted for above 91% of the variation in the original metrics. We also determined the relative effects of land development on the changes of forest landscape structure using multiple linear regression analysis. At the forest patches, the conversion of forest to urban areas and agriculture resulted in increased fragmentation. Patch area and patch size decreased. and patch density increased as a result of the conversion of forest to agriculture($R^2=0.696$, p<0.01). The heterogeneity of patch size and complexity of patch shape mainly decreased as a result of the conversion of forest to urban areas($R^2=0.405$, p<0.01). The density of core area and edge showed the tendency increase, but there was no relationship with the conversion of forest to urban area and agriculture The future research will be needed to analyze correlations between landscape structures and specific environmental and socioeconomic landscape functions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.309-316
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• 2020

This study analyzed Japan's three-dimensional road system as part of a study on urban regeneration plans through the three-dimensional use of road space. The three-dimensional road system integrates the Road Act, Urban Planning Act, and the Building Standard Act. The advantage of the three-dimensional road system is that landowners can freely use the space above and below the road so that they can live and operate sustainably, and road managers have the advantage of reducing the land acquisition costs because they only acquire rights to the road. In terms of type, it is applied to a variety of integrated and separated structures in elevated roads, underpasses, free passages, parking lots, and monorails. In addition, in the case of development methods, the degree of freedom of development plans is improved by enabling integrated maintenance of roads and buildings. Management stability is improved by applying management and law-based authority according to the Road Act. In this way, the three-dimensional road system provides support to maximize the use of limited available land through the three-dimensional use of road space, and to develop sustainable and good urban areas in development areas.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine the algorithm of ship collision avoidance system and to improve its performance. The study on the algorithm of ship collision avoidance system have been carried out by many researchers. We can divide the study according to the adopted theory into two category such as 'collision risk calculation method' and 'risk area method'. It is not so difficult to find heir merit and demerit in the respective method. This study suggested newly modified model, which can overcome a limit in the two method. The suggested model is based on collision risk calculation method and suggests how to solve the threshold value problem, that is, one of the unsolved issues in collision risk calculation method. To solve that problem this study proposed new system under which the users can select appropriate threshold value according to environments such as traffic situations and weathers conditions. Simulation results of new model is schematized using 'risk area method'to examine the relationships between the two method. In addition, in case of 'collision risk method', when TCPA and DCPA are used to determine collision risk, a problem happens, that is, two ships become too close in their stem area, therefore, partial function of 'risk area method'is adopted to solve the problem in suggested model.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.90-102
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• 2017

In this study, various types of nutrient models were tested by using two tears's water quality data collected from the stormwater wetland in Korea. Based on results, most important factor influencing nitrogen removal was hydraulic loading rate, which indicates that surface area of wetland is more important than its volumetric capacity, and model proposed by WEF was found to give a least error between measured and calculated values. For the phosphorus, in case assuming a power relationship between rate constant and temperature, the best prediction result were obtained, but temperature was most sensitive parameter affecting phosphorus removal. In addition, denitrification was always a limiting step for the nitrogen removal in this particular wetland mostly due to the lack of carbon source and high dissolved oxygen concentration. In this paper, several alternatives to improve nitrogen removal, including proper arrangement and designation of wetland elements and use of floating plants or synthetic fiber mat to control oxygen level and to capture the algal particles were proposed and discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.135-135
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• 2011

지구온난화와 이상기후에 따라 최근 우리나라를 둘러싼 기후패턴의 변화가 가속화되고 있으며 한반도는 장마기간이 소강상태를 보이는 반면, 장마 후 국지성 집중호우가 증가하고 태풍이 내습하는 현상이 빈번해짐으로써 홍수에 대한 위험과 피해규모도 증가하고 있다. 특히 도시지역에서는 강우규모가 배수시스템의 용량을 초과하거나, 하천수위 상승으로 관로 내에 역류가 발생하는 등 우수 배제 기능을 제대로 수행하지 못할 경우 발생하는 지표침수로 인해 심각한 인명 및 재산피해가 발생하고 있다. 실제로 현재 홍수해석 및 홍수위험지도 작성시 내수시스템을 반영하지 않아 침수면적 및 범위의 오차가 존재하며 홍수위험지도 작성시 내수범람과 외수범람을 따로 고려하는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 도시 침수 해석시 내수시스템을 반영한 정확한 침수심 및 침수면적계산뿐만 아니라 이상기후에 대비한 복합적 요인으로 인한 침수해석이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 하천해석을 위해 1차원 하천 해석 모형인 FLDWAV모형을 적용하고 가상의 제방 파제 시나리오를 통하여 외수범람 영향을 구하였으며, 배수시스템의 SWMM모형과 제내지에서 내수와 외수범람의 영향을 고려한 DEM기반의 2차원 범람해석을 연계한 Dual-Drainage모형에 대하여 외수범람 영향에 따른 흐름의 양상, 침수심, 침수위 등을 분석하였다. 개발한 모형에 대한 적용성을 검토하기 위하여 대구 신암5동 유역을 선정하였고 대상유역의 수치지도를 활용하여 정형 격자 20m 크기로 지형자료를 구성하였으며, 건물의 영향도 고려하기 위해 DEM에 건물자료를 합성하였다. 침수해석 결과 내수시스템의 영향을 고려하지 않을 때가 고려하였을 때 보다 Node(맨홀)에서의 재유입의 영향으로 인하여 최대 침수심이 더 높게 나왔으며 침수면적도 넓게 나타나는 것을 확인하였고, 기존의 홍수위험지도 작성시 외수침수와 내수침수를 구분하여 해석하였던 것을 본 연구에서 통합하여 외수범람의 영향을 고려한 통합침수해석을 실시하여 내수에서 발생할 수 있는 유출량과 내수시스템의 월류량 등에 대한 고려가 없는 외수침수만 해석시 보다 최대침수심이 더 높게 나타났으며 침수면적 또한 넓게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해서 도시홍수, 돌발홍수 등의 발생시 정확한 도시 침수 해석이 가능하며 도시침수구역에 대한 적절한 예 경보 및 피난대책 수립에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 또한 국내의 홍수위험지도나 도시 침수해석과 연계하여 선행시간을 확보한 정확도 높은 홍수정보시스템 구축에 크게 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.19-35
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• 2018

The necessity of predicting the spatial information of the site-specific seismic response, which is essential information for the comprehensive earthquake disaster countermeasures, is increasing for the mid-west urban areas where the earthquake-induced damages can be increased due to frequent occurrence of mid-scale earthquake such as 2016 Gyeongju Earthquake and 2017 Pohang Earthquake. Especially, researches on strategic securing of site survey datasets and understanding the site-specific site response characteristics were conducted for Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. In this study, a GIS-based framework for site-specific assessment of site response and induced vulnerable area in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea was proposed. Geo-Data based on GIS platform was constructed for regional estimation of geotechnical characteristics by collecting borehole and land coverage datasets. And the geo-spatial grid information was developed for deriving spatial distribution of geotechnical layer and site response parameters based on the optimization of the geostatistical interpolation method. Accordingly, base information for Improving earthquake preparedness measures was derived as seismic zonation map with administrative sub-units considering the quantitative site effect of Gyeonggi-do.