• The monthly packaging world
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• s.356
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• pp.94-101
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• 2022

식품의약품안전처는 지난 10월 14일 「기구 및 용기·포장의 기준 및 규격」을 일부 개정했다. 개정이유로는 기구 및 용기·포장의 원재료로 사용할 재생원료의 인정 절차 등이 마련될 예정임에 따라 인정을 신청하는 경우 제출하여야 하는 자료를 구체적으로 정하고, 환경부에서 「식품용기 사용 재생원료 기준」을 고시함에 따라 이에 맞추어 재생원료 기준을 개선하는 한편, 지속가능한 사회실현을위한 산업현장의 요구를 반영하여 폴리부틸렌아디페이트테레프탈레이트(PBAT) 수지를 등재하고, 시험법에 대한 신뢰도 제고 등을 위하여 시험용액 등의 조제방법 및 분석기기의 측정조건을 개선하는 등 현행 기준 및 규격의 일부 미비점을 개선하기 위함이다.

• The monthly packaging world
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• s.360
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• pp.103-111
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• 2023

식품의약품안전처는 지난 10월 14일 「기구 및 용기·포장의 기준 및 규격」을 일부 개정했다. 개정이유로는 기구 및 용기·포장의 원재료로 사용할 재생원료의 인정 절차 등이 마련될 예정임에 따라 인정을 신청하는 경우 제출하여야 하는 자료를 구체적으로 정하고, 환경부에서 「식품용기 사용 재생원료 기준」을 고시함에 따라 이에 맞추어 재생원료 기준을 개선하는 한편, 지속가능한 사회실현을 위한 산업현장의 요구를 반영하여 폴리부틸렌아디페이트테레프탈레이트(PBAT) 수지를 등재하고, 시험법에 대한 신뢰도 제고 등을 위하여 시험용액 등의 조제방법 및 분석기기의 측정조건을 개선하는 등 현행 기준 및 규격의 일부 미비점을 개선하기 위함이다.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.23-46
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• 1999

LC/MS는 HPLC의 분리능과 질량분석기의 화합물의 확인 능력을 결합시킨 기기이다. 여기서 사용되는 이온화 방법은 GCJMS에서 사용되어지는 전자이온화법(electron ionization, EI)이나, 화학이온화법(chemical ionization, CI)은 부적당하기 때문에 최근 개발되어진 연성 이온화법의 대표적인 고속원자폭격식(Fast atom bombardment, FAB)이나 전기분무이온화식 (electrospray ionization, ESI) 등이 사용되고 있다. 이중 전기분무이온화법은 고속원자폭격법에서 사용되는 매트릭스를 사용하지 않기 때문에 매트릭스 이온의 부재로 인한 낮은 바탕 신호, 오래 지속되면서 안정된 초기 이온 전류, 샘플링의 용이성, HPLC와의 더 좋은 호환성 등의 장점을 제공한다. 이러한 전기분무이온화 방법은 극성이 매우 크거나 휘발성이 낮은 물질로 보통의 EI나 CI 이온화 방법으로 분석이 어려운 물질들을 분석할 수 있다. 또한 열에 불안정하거나 분자의 분자량이 다른 단백질 등의 분석도 가능하다. 이러한 LC/ESI/MS 방법을 이용하여 열에 불안정하고 극성이면서 분자량이 커서 GC/MS 펄의 분석이 어려운 기능성 화장품 원료로 주목받고 있고 생체에 존재하는 지질 성분으로 알려진 레시틴과 세라마이드의 분석이 가능함을 소개하고 분리와 동시에 그 분자량과 구조에 대한 정보를 빠르게 얻을 수 있음을 소개하였다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2020

The analytical method was established for simultaneous determination of fungicide prochloraz and its metabolites in several animal commodities using gas chromatography (GC) coupled with electron capture detector (ECD). Samples including beef meat, pork meat, chicken meat, milk, and egg were hydrolyzed with pyridine hydrochloride which converts prochloraz and its metabolites to 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) because residue definition for prochloraz was 'sum of prochloraz and its metabolites containing the 2,4,6-trichlorophenol moiety, expressed as prochloraz', for compliance with MRLs from animal commodities. Therefore, residual prochloraz was extracted with acetone, decomposed to 2,4,6-TCP, partitioned with dichloromethane, purified with aminopropyl SPE and quantified as 2,4,6-TCP with GC-ECD. The instrumental limit of quantitation and method LOQ (MLOQ) was 0.01 ㎍/mL and 0.02 mg/kg for prochloraz and 0.005 ㎍/mL and 0.01 mg/kg for 2,4,6-TCP, respectively. The linearity of the calibration curve was good with R² >0.995 in the range of 0.005-0.2 ㎍/mL. Fortification levels of prochloraz were 0.02 mg/kg (MLOQ) and 0.2 mg/kg (10MLOQ) for recovery tests. Overall recoveries of prochloraz were >90% with <10% of coefficient variation (C.V.). This established analytical method was fully validated and could be useful for quantification of prochloraz and its metabolites in animal commodities as official analytical method.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.179-189
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to develop a comprehensive research model that can explain potential customers' intentions to adopt and use VPA(Virtual Personal Assistants) devices. This study proposes and validates a new theoretical model that extends the perceived value theory. Partial least squares analysis is employed to test the research model and corresponding hypotheses on data collected from 313 survey samples. Perceived value, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment are important factors affecting the adoption of VPA devices. To increase potential users' intention to use, VPA device manufacturers should not only focus on developing utilitarian functions but also fun features based on open development echo-system. This study is the important empirical attempt to examine user acceptance of VPA devices, as most of the prior literature has concerned analysis of usage patterns or technical features.

• The Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.310-319
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• 2018

Background: Research on next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based HLA typing is active. To resolve the phase ambiguity and long turn-around-time of conventional high resolution HLA typing, this study developed a NGS-based high resolution HLA typing method that can handle large-scale samples within an efficient testing time. Methods: For HLA NGS, the condition of nucleic acid extraction, library construction, PCR mechanism, and HLA typing with bioinformatics were developed. To confirm the accuracy of the NGS-based HLA typing method, the results of 192 samples HLA typed by SSOP and 28 samples typed by SBT compared to NGS-based HLA-A, -B and -DR typing. Results: DNA library construction through two-step PCR, NGS sequencing with MiSeq (Illumina Inc., San Diego, USA), and the data analysis platform were established. NGS-based HLA typing results were compatible with known HLA types from 220 blood samples. Conclusion: The NSG-based HLA typing method could handle large volume samples with high-throughput. Therefore, it would be useful for HLA typing of bone marrow donation volunteers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.75-79
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• 1997

적절한 약물요법의 목적은 효과적인 약리반응을 얻는 것이며 이를 위한 적정용법은 결국 \circled1 원하는 약물농도를 얻기 위한 용량과 투약법을 결정하는 약동학적 특성과 \circled2 용량-반응의 관계로부터 구하여진다. 그러나 약동학적 과정에 의해 결정되는 용량-농도 관계의 개체내 변이, 개체간 변이 등과 같은 약동학적 변이를 제거한 약물의 농도-반응의 관계가 용량-반응관계 보다는 더 직접적이며 이러한 농도-반응의 관계인 약력학적인 특성이 유효한 약물효과를 얻는데 필요한 약물투여 방법을 결정하게 된다. 역사적으로 볼 때 Brodie(1967)의 항말라리아 제재의 농도와 효과관계에 관한 연구와 같은 초기의 연구이래 많은 연구가 주로 약동학적 특성 즉 용량-농도의 관계에 관해 이루어져 최근 20여년 사이에 큰 발전을 보였으며 이는 약물농도의 분석에 필요한 분석화학적 기기와 방법의 발전에 힘입은 바가 크다 하겠다. 이에 비해 생체에서의 약력학적 연구의 발전은 최근까지도 미미하였으며 그 이유는 많은 약물에서 약리효과와 치료효과의 관계가 불명확하다는 것과 약리효과의 재현성 있는 측정에 어려움이 있다는 것 그리고 측정된 약리효과와 약물농도와의 연관성을 분석하는 방법론의 난점 때문이었다. 최근에는 제산제의 위내 pH의 변화나 중추신경계 작용 약물의 뇌파에 대한 변화와 같이 비침습적으로 재현성 있는 약물효과 측정법이 개발되고 있어 앞으로 많은 연구가 기대된다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.453-466
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• 2006

To comply with stricter regulations provoked by increasing odor nuisance, it is imperative to practice effective odor control for sustainable livestock production. This study was conducted to assess odor and odorous compounds emitted from liquid animal manure with different treatment methods such as Fresh Manure(without treatment, FM), Anaerobic Digestion(AD) and Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion(TAD) and their application to soil. Air samples were collected at the headspace of liquid manure, upland and paddy soil, and analyzed for odor intensity and offensiveness using an olfactometry; odor concentration index using odor analyser; nitrogen-containing compound such as ammonia(NH3) using fluorescence method; and sulfur containing compounds such as hydrogen sulfide(H2S), methyl mercaptan(MeSH), dimethyl sulfide(DMS) and dimethyl disulfide(DMDS) using gas chromatography-pulsed flame photometric detector, respectively. Odor intensity, offensiveness and concentration index from TAD liquid manure was statistically lower than those from FM and AD(p<0.01). Mean concentrations of H2S, MeSH, DMS, DMDS and NH3 were 65.93ppb, 18.55ppb, 5.26ppb, 0.33ppb and 10.57ppm for liquid manure with AD; and 5.15ppb, 0.97ppb, 0.80ppb, 0.56ppb and 1.34ppm for liquid manure with TAD, respectively. More than 60% of malodorous compounds related to nitrogen and sulfur were removed by heterotrophic microorganisms during TAD treatment. When liquid manure was applied onto upland and paddy soil, NH3 removal efficiencies ranged from 51 to 94% and 22 to 91% for AD and TAD liquid manure, respectively. The above results show that liquid manure with TAD is superior to AD and FM with respect to the odor reduction and odor problem caused by land applied liquid manure is directly related to the degree of odor generated by the manure treatment method.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method for the quantification of diazepam residues in fishery products, using liquid and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS). The sample utilized in the study was extracted from the fish sample (crucian carp) using 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. For the utilization of the purification process, the dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) was used for LC-MS/MS, dSPE and SPE was used for GC-MS/MS, respectively. To be sure, the standard calibration curves showed a good linearity as the noted correlation coefficients, $r^2$ was > 0.99. The average recoveries for accuracy ranged in 99.8~124% for the samples which were fortified at three different levels (0.001, 0.002 and 0.010 mg/kg). The correlation coefficient for the precision effect was measured at a range of 4.01~11.8%. The limit of detection (LOD) for the diazepam analysis was 0.0004 mg/kg, and the limit of the quantification (LOQ) was 0.001 mg/kg. The proposed analytical method was characterized with a high accuracy and acceptable sensitivity to meet the established Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC/GL71-2009) guideline requirements. We therefore established the optimal analysis method for the determination of diazepam in the fishery products using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. It would be applicable to analyze the diazepam residues in fishery products in further studies on this subject.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.105-111
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• 1997

Before application of the angular spectrum method to calculate acoustic fields in stratified water, its efficiencies and errors were analyzed by using a virtual boundary in homogeneous water. As the results, it was confirmed that the angular spectrum method was able to calculate an acoustic field rapidly though some errors due to the limitation of reference field size and number of data in FFT ware included. A modified method combined the angular spectrum with Lommel's approximation, which was newly proposed in this paper, was useful to reduce the errors.