• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.546-549
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• 2008

Bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) is a rare entity that requires early diagnosis and immediate treatment due to the possibility of a life-threatening massive hemorrhage through rupture. The standard treatment is a surgical resection of the aneurismal artery. However, various embolization techniques, including coil embolization, are currently used as the optimal treatment because they are less invasive. A 65-year-old woman was referred for the treatment of intermittent hemoptysis. A chest CT scan showed an approximately 2 cm sized vascular mass with strong contrast enhancement originating from the right bronchial artery on the bronchiectatic parenchyma. On the angiogram, the inferior portion of the bronchial artery with a hypertrophic aspect and a huge bronchial artery aneurysm was detected on the left side branch. The bronchial artery aneurysm was embolized successfully with coils at the proximal and distal portion of the aneurysm. After coil embolization, the selective bronchial angiogram confirmed complete occlusion. We report this case of a bronchial artery aneurysm that was treated successfully with coil embolization.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.319-323
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• 2008

Edward's syndrome is a genetic disorder of 18th chromosomal trisomy. Main clinical features of this syndrome include systemic conditions, such as mental retardation, growth retardation, dyspnea, congenital heart disease, and orthopedic disorders, such as flexion deformity and rocker-bottom feet. The characteristics of fetal abnormality are hydramnios, small placenta, common umbilical artery. Infants with Edward's syndrome have very low survival rate. Almost half of them die during fetal stage. Fifty percent of them survive 2 months, and 5 to 10 percent of them survive about 1 year. A 3-year and 7 month old girl visited our dental hospital for the treatment of dental caries. Considering her systemic disease, low body weight, medical history of cardiac surgery, and difficulty in airway management, dental procedure was performed under general anesthesia. We report this case with review of literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.113-116
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• 2010

The initial presentation of distant metastases in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma is quite rare. Most distant metastases are solid nodular lesions. A 67-year-old man who complained of severe dyspnea underwent surgery due to a large mediastinal cystic mass compressing the trachea and great vessels. Pathologically, the cystic mass was a metastatic thyroid papillary carcinoma. The thyroid evaluations were compatible with a well differentiated thyroid carcinoma. An occult thyroid carcinoma presenting as a large mediastinal cystic lesion is extremely rare.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

Analysis of practice variations has been one of important issues in trying to contain costs as well as to manage quality in health care. This study was conducted to provide statistical model for analysing variations in inpatient costs by type of hospitals. Four K-DRGs including Cesarean section, appendectomy, cataract extraction, and pediatric pneumonia with CC class 0 were selected, and means and dispersions of inpatient procedure and operation costs were simultaneously compared between type of hospitals. The results indicated that joint modelling of means and dispersions by gamma distribution was a very useful analytic tool for identifying factors which might have relationship with variations in inpatient costs. This model can be expanded to test the significance of several independent variables in analysing cost variations. In surgical conditions, means and unit variations of procedure and operation costs showed consistent pattern which was tertiarty hospital, general hospital, and hospital in descending order. Different findings were identified in pediatric pneumonia, from which mean and unit variation of procedure and operation cost was the highest in general hospital. The practical implication of this difference could not be drawn from this study. It will be done by further sophisticated researches. In order to develop health policy for cost containment and quality management in Korea, it is essential to find out manageable factors affecting variations in practice patterns which include characteristics of population, providers, regions, and so on. The statistical model presented in this study will give health services researchers useful insights for future investigations in analysing cost variations.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.63-66
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• 1997

In a 43-year-old Korean man who underwent radical gastrectomy due to a malignant stromal tumor, was found to have an enlarged Iymph node at transverse mesocolon. The Iymph node exhibited histologically necrotizing eosinophilic granuloma formed around a track containing sections of a nematode larva. The well preserved nematode sections revealed polymyarian muscle cells, Y-shaped lateral cord, a large excretory gland cell, intestine and eosinophilic cuticle. The nematode sections were identified as a larva of Anisnkis species In Korea, thIns is the first case of elrtragas trio into stinal anisakiasis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.870-873
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• 2003

Hamartoma is rare but the most common benign neoplasm in the lung. However endobronchial lipomatous hamartoma has been rarely reported. A 73-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital due to hemoptysis 1 month prior to admission. On bronchoscopic examination, a large pedunculated endobronchial mass right upper lobar bronchus. The endobronchial mass was enucleated by bronchotomy that is no evidence of malignancy in frozen specimens. We report a case of endobronchial lipomartous hamartoma which was resected by bronchotomy.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.157-163
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 후취자극 제어장치를 이용하여 후각자극에 대한 인간의 뇌의 활성화 영역을 뇌기능자기공명영상(functional magnetic resonance imaging : fMRI)장치로 측정 또는 가시화하고 이의 임상적용에 대한 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 우선 후각에 이상이 없고 코 수술 경험이 없는 오른손잡이 피험자 4명을 대상으로 5번에 걸쳐 Echo Plannar Imaging(EPI)에 의한 혈액산소농도의존(blood oxygen level dependent : BOLD)법을 이용하여 후각자극에 의한 뇌기능자기공명영상 실험을 수행하였다. 후각자극은 MRI 장치에서 사용할 수 있도록 제작된 후취제어장치를 사용하였으며, 제시된 향은 천연 향의 일종인 lavender-like fragrance를 사용하였다. 향의 제시는 후각의 피로도를 감안하여 3회의 휴식기관과 2회의 자극기간을 각 30초씩 번갈아 시행하였으며, 동시에 5초 간격으로 각 절편 당 30 영상을 연속적으로 획득하였다. Correlation법으로 0.4∼0.7의 문턱치(threshold)범위에서 통계 처리된 뇌의 활성화 영상은 EPI영상과 같은 부위의 T1 강조영상에 overlapping 시켰다. 호흡에 의한 artifact를 제거하기 위해 실험실에 만든 장치로 호흡을 측정하여 post-processing 할 때 반영하였다. 이렇게 얻어진 fMRI 영상의 신호변화를 관찰하여 활성 영역의 위치를 분석하였다. 그 결과 후각자극에 의해 뇌의 전두엽 피질(frontal cortex), 소뇌(cerebellum), 그리고 뇌교(pons)에서 활성화된 신호를 발견할 수 있었다. 또한, 측두엽(temporal lobe)과 뇌섬(insula)에서도 의미 있는 신호가 관찰되었다. 그러나, 일차 후각영역인 piriform cortex와 entorhinal cortex, amygdaloid complex, 그리고 이차후각영역인 orbitofrontal cotex에서는 그다지 많은 빈도로 신호가 발견되지 않았다. 결론적으로 BOLD법을 이용한 fMRI에 의하여 후각자극에 대한 뇌의 활성화영역을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 후각자극에 대한 뇌의 기능을 연구하는데 있어서 중요한 정량적 자료를 제공할 수 있다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.75-78
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• 2013

영아의 설근부에 발생하는 악성 종양은 매우 드물다. 저자들은 연하곤란과 폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증으로 의뢰된 17개월 남아의 설근부에 발생한 횡문근육종을 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 외래에서 실시한 이학적 검사 상 설근부 전체가 돌출되어 있었으며 단단한 종괴가 촉지 되었다. 조직검사와 기관절개술을 시행하였으며 컴퓨터단층촬영, 양전자 방출 단층 촬영 그리고 뼈 스캔과 함께 염색체 분석을 실시하였다. 조직검사 결과 폐포성 횡문근육종이 확인되었으며 전이의 증거는 없었다. 염색체 분석상 폐포성 횡문근육종에 상응하는 PAX7-FKHR 유전자 전좌가 발견되었다. 8 회의 항암화학요법과 방사선 치료 후 촉지되는 설근부의 종괴는 없었으며 환자가 호소하는 증상도 개선되었다. 추적 관찰 시 시행된 자기공명영상 결과 확연한 종괴 크기의 감소를 확인할 수 있었다. 횡문근육종은 매우 드문 악성 종양으로 수술과 함께 항암화학요법, 방사선치료 등 여러 치료 방법이 동원되지만 전이나 재발이 있을 시 예후는 매우 불량하다. 그러므로 영아에서 연하곤란, 호흡 곤란 등의 증상이 있을 시에는 설근부를 포함한 상부호흡소화관을 적극적으로 검사하여야 하며 악성 종양의 가능성을 염두에 두어야 하겠다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.792-797
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• 1996

A 59-year-old woman was admintted to the hospital because of intermittent fever and right side chest pain. She has a same episode eight months before this entry. Chest CT scan demonstrated ill-defined parenchymal consolidation containing dilated bronchi of right lower lung field, but no endobronchial mass in the bronchial trees. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy seeking the cause of recurrent pneumonia revealed a small, round mass nearly completely obstructing me lumen of basal segmental bronchus of right lower lobe. The diagnosis of bronchiolar papilloma was made from the biopsy specimens of the bronchoscopic examination. The patient was treated with right lower lobectomy because of irreversible secondary changes below the obstructed bronchus. This thoracotomic excision resulted in complete relief of symptoms and the postoperative course was uneventful for 12 months. Here we report a extremely rare umor with a brief review of literatures.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.226-234
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to present guidelines for deciding appropriate times for measuring blood pressure (BP) in patients with neurological disorders who had surgery due to brain damage. Method: It was a repeated measures-experimental research on time variants in BP after nursing care. SBP (Systolic BP) and DBP (Diastolic) were measured every 2 minutes up to 5 times using an EKG patient monitor. Measured data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and paired t-test. Results: For suctioning, there were significantly higher differences for SBP averages after 2 min. (138mmHg, p<0.01) and 4 min. (133mmHg, p<0.01) compared to before suctioning (120mmHg). For position change, there were significant differences in SBP averages after 2 min. (136mmHg, p<0.01) and 4 min. (130mmHg, p=0.01) compared to before changing position (121mmHg). For position change followed by suctioning there were significant differences in SBP averages after 2 min. (136mmHg, p<0.01), 4 min. (136mmHg, p<0.01) and 6 min. (125mmHg, p=0.003) compared to before the interventions (121mmHg). Conclusions: Results indicate that there are significant differences in SBP and DBP over time during nursing interventions, suggesting clinical measurement of BP after 6 min. or 8 min. be done for patients with neurological disorders in neurosurgery clinics.