• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.156-160
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• 1994

1993년 4월 부산시 부산 공동어시장에서 채집된 전갱이과 어류 1개체가 등지느러미와 뒷지느러미에 1개의 작은 토막지느러미가 있는 점에서 전갱이아과 Caranginae에 속하는 종으로, 가라지속 Decapterus의 한국 미기록종인 홍기가라지(국명신칭) Decapterus tabl로 동정되었기에 이를 기재하였다. 본종은 상대적으로 측선이 완만한 경사를 이루고, 측선의 경사 부위에 모비늘이 없으며, 측선 모비늘수가 34-48개이고, 두정부의 비늘은 안구의 중앙 뒤쪽까지 분포하고 있다. 또한 복추골에 2개의 측돌기공 및 꼬리지느러미가 적색인점 등이 동일 속의 다른 종들과 잘 구분된다.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.448-453
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• 2014

Influences of shading and irrigation in summer hot pepper cultivation on the plant growth and mesophyll tissue were investigated. Hot pepper plants were exposed to three shade levels (0, $30{\pm}5$ and $80{\pm}5%$) and irrigated or non-irrigated in greenhouse condition. Plant height and leaf area were highest in 30% shading and stem diameter and fresh and dry weights were highest in no shading. Plant growth was better in rain shelters with irrigation than in those without irrigation. The numbers of hot pepper fruits in the beginning of harvest were 49 in rain shelters without irrigation and shading, 22 in those with irrigation and without shading, 5 in those without irrigation with 30% shading, and 1 in those with irrigation and 30% shading. However, 80% shading showed lowest flower number and flower abscission, resulting in no fruit set, regardless of irritation. This is because carbohydrate translocation from leaves to reproductive organs may be not enough for developing fruits due to the lack of sunlight. The yield of hot pepper tended to be higher in rain shelter with irrigation than in those without irrigation. In optical microscopy observation, the thickness and development of mesophyll tissues decreased as increasing the degree of shading but no effect of irrigation on mesophyll tissues was observed. When stomata were observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM), the shape of stomata was normal but tissues surrounding stomata were slightly wrinkled in plants grown under 30% shading. The large number of abnormal stomata and wrinkled leaves was observed among plants grown in rain shelters with 80% shading. In plants grown in rain shelters without irrigation, tissues surrounding stomata were wrinkled and 10-20% decrease in the number of stomata was observed. Therefore, in hot pepper cultivation in summer with high temperature, shading was not effective for fruit yield and mesophyll tissue development; if shading is unavoidable, high degree of shading is not advisable. Further studies are needed for appropriate cultivar selection and environment-control techniques in hot pepper cultivation in summer with high temperature.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 1998

Thirty-six $F_3$ hybrid poplar (Populus trichocarpa${\times}$P. deltoides) clones were fumigated with ozone to select for ozone sensitive and resistant clones. Fumigation was applied for 6 to 8 hours each day for approximately 3 months at ozone concentrations of 90 to 115 ppb using by open-top chambers. Height, diameter, number of leaves, total biomass, biomass components, root/shoot ratios, leaf drop and stomatal response were investigated. In summary, ozone generally reduced height, diameter, number of leaves, total biomass, and root/shoot ratios. Ozone stress induced leaf drop and foliar senescence in trees. This study showed very low relationship between total biomass and stomatal conductance. Increased plant resistant to ozone is not always correlated with stomatal behaviour. Probably, characterization of biochemical and other physiological responses to ozone exposure can provide a better understanding of tree response to ozone environment.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.201-204
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• 1988

To find out the relationship between the eco-physiological characteristics and wind damage of rice leaves by typhoon 'Thelma' occurred at young panicle formation stage of rice plant, the study was carried out. The rate of dead leaves by wind damage in Indica X Japonica varieties were higher than that in Jap. varieties. Ind. X Jap. varieties which had erect and broader leaves had the higher number of silicified cell, moisture loss and stomatal aperture in leaves. And the wind damage were positvely correlated with the characteristics such as the number of silicified cell (r=0.7546$\^$*/), rate of moisture loss (r=0.8343$\^$**/) and stomatal aperture (r=0.8460$\^$**/) of rice leaf blade etc.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2010

The spheric sintered body with $6{\pm}2mm$ diameter was manufactured in a rotary kiln at $1125^{\circ}C$/15 min using green body formed by pelletizing the batch powder composing of coal bottom ash produced from power plant and dredged soil by 70:30, wt%. And the physical properties of sintered body (BD) were analyzed to confirm the possibility for applying to an absorbent to restore a contaminated soil. The sintered body had a giant pore above 100 ${\mu}m$ and a fine pore below 10 ${\mu}m$, and bulk density was 1.4. Also its specific surface area, porosity and void proportion were $12.0m^2/g$, 30.1% and 38.2% respectively. The crushed body (BD-C), produced by crushing a BD specimen into an irregular shape with a aspect ratio of about 2, was similar to BD specimen at bulk density and pore size distribution. But it had superior values of specific surface area, porosity and void proportion compared with BD specimen owing to a decreased apparent volume due to conversion of closed pore existed at interior of BD to open pore during a crushing process. The IEP of sintered body occurred at about pH=5, so the optimum pH condition of reacting aqueous solution could be known before bonding a microbe to the sintered body. Hence, the optimum void proportion and porosity of an absorbent can be obtained by appropriate mixing a BD with BD-C from the base data calculated in this study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.280.1-280
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• 2002

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.231-240
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• 2003

Reactivity of Char-CO$_2$ gasification of five coals for power generation was investigated with PTGA in the temperature range 850∼1000$^{\circ}C$ and the pressure range 0.5∼2.0 MPa. The effect of coal rank, initial char characteristics and pressure on the reaction rate was evaluated for five chars. The reactivity of low lank coal char was better than that of high rank coal char, and this could be explained with the initial pore structure and surface area of char. Meso/macro-pores of char seems to markedly affect char reactivity by way of providing channels for diffusion of reactant gas into the reactive surface area. For the range of tested pressure, the reaction rate is proportional to CO$_2$ partial pressure and the reaction order ranges from 0.4 to 0.7 for five chars. The effect of total pressure on the reaction rate was small, and kinetic parameters, based on the unreacted core model, were obtained for five chars.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.176-181
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• 2004

EAF (Electric Arc Furnace) dust is classified as special wastes containing heavy metal contaminants may cause to damage an environment such as underground water contamination if they were not treated properly. For reutilizing the EAF dust, the porous body was made from EAF dust/clay composition system, and analyzed pore characteristics. It was found that a light-aggregate body was made up two different microstructures. One was non-black and dense microstructure which located near surface, and the other was black and porous microstructure (black coring) which located inner part. For systematizing the relationship of the black-coring area and the bloating degree, we defined the Ic(core index) and Is(shell index). It was found that the optimal bloating conditions of artificial light-weight aggregate were more than 0.5 of Ic and 0.4 of Is.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.85-88
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• 2002

This study was carried out to obtain information of the photosynthetic rate at various temperature and light intensity, stomata, chlorophyll, specific leaf weight, characteristics of aerial part and root in ginseng new cultivars developed by pure line selection. The light saturation point of leaves in new cultivars and Jakyungjong were 15,000 lux, and the optimum air temperature on the photosynthesis of new cultivars and Jakyungjong were 20$\^{C}$. The photosynthetic rates were increased in order of Jakyungjong, Gopoong, Chunpoong and Yunpoong. The dark respiration rate of leaves in ginseng cultivars were increased according to the increasing of temperature, and the dark respiration rate of leaves of Yunpoong was the highest among cultivars. The specific leaf weight (SLW) were increased in order of Jakyungjong, Yunpoong, Gopoong, Chunpoong, but total chlorophyll contents were not different among cultivars. Stomata frequency of Yunpoong was the highest being 69.2ea among cultivars, while the length of stomata was reverse. Yunpoong was superior in aerial part among ginseng cultivars : the number of stem was 1.8ea, the number of palmately leaves was 7.7ea, the number of leaflets was 41.0ea, leaf area was 12.3 dm$^2$ The root weight were increased in order of Jakyungjong, Gopoong, Chunpoong and Yunpoong. Chunpoong and Gopoong hove good root shape the length of tap root in Chunpoong and Gopoong were the longest being 6.5 cm and 6.8 cm respectively, but that in Yunpoong was the shortest being 4.4 cm.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2012

연구 목적: 임플란트의 하부구조를 상부 구조와 연결하는 레진시멘트의 접착강도를 높이기 위한 기계적 화학적인 표면처리 방법들이 연구 되고 있다. 이 연구에서 다양한 크기의 $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting과 Silano Pen으로 표면처리한 티타늄과 레진 시멘트의 접착강도를 알아보고자 한다. 연구 방법: 12개의 티타늄(Ti-6A1-4V)시편을 디스크 형태로 제작하여 자가중합 수지에 매립하였다. 이들을 각각 6개의 군으로 나누어 $50{\mu}m$, $90{\mu}m$, $110{\mu}m$ 등 3가지 크기의 $Al_2O_3$로 sandblasting 하는 조건과 $Al_2O_3$로 sandblasting한 후 Silano Pen(Bredent, bredent GmbH &Co.KG, Senden, Germany)을 사용한 군으로 나누었다. 표면처리 한 티타늄 표면에 레진시멘트(Duolink dual syringe, Bisco, USA)으로 접착하였다. 그 후 증류수($37^{\circ}C$)에 24시간 보관 후 접착강도 실험을 시행하였고, SEM을 사용하여 표면처리 한 표면과 접착강도 실험 후 파절양상을 관찰하였다. 결과: 통계학적 분석에 따르면 Silano Pen을 사용하여 표면처리한 군들의 접착강도가 높았다(P<0.05). 결론: Silano Pen을 사용하는 것이 티타늄과 레진시멘트의 접착강도를 증가 시킨다.