• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.157-161
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• 1994

The pigments of acetylshikonin and isobutylshikonin isolated from the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon were determined over a period of storage for their stabilities influenced by mono- and disaccharides and acids. In general. sugars and acids caused an increase in stability of acetylshikonin at the various concentrations. These studies indicated that acetylshikonin and isobutylshikonin can be used in foods as the natural colorant under selected conditions.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 1998

Two isolation methods using the open plate and air sampler were applied to examine microbial distribution as an environmental factor for conservation of cultural properties in the War Memorial in Korea. The numbers of fungi were the abundant in the air of entrance and inside of the exhibition room where visitors were crowded, compared with inside of repository rooms. Fungal and bacterial distributions in the exhibition room during exhibition period were higher than during nonexhibition period, These results are due to the inflow of air current carrying microoganisms to the exibition rooms from outside with visitors. Fungi isolated from the War Memorial were identified as 19 species and one thermophilic fungus, Neurospora crassa. The majority of the isolated fungi are seemed to cause damage to cellulose materials in the Memorial.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.273-277
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• 1997

The sesquiterpene cyclase (SC) was induced and its products were accumulated in the culture media of Hyoscyamus muticus hairy roots by addition of Rhizoctonia solani extracts. The cumulative production of solavetivone was nearly doubled by integrated extraction of the products from the media during the 24 h accumulation period. Western blots with monoclonal antibodies against SC show that the enzyme levels are the same for both extracted and non-extracted cultures. SC activities measured in vitro with radioactive substrate are not significantly different. These results suggest that productivity is controlled by substrate availability within the terpenoid pathway, and feedback regulation precedes the branch-point enzyme sesquiterpene cyclase.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.38-39
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• 2010

낙뢰란 뇌운 속에서 분리 축적 된 음 (-)과 양 (+)의 전하 사이 또는 뇌운 속의 전하와 지면에 유도되는 전하 사이에서 발생하는 불꽃 방전을 말한다. 뇌운 안에는 이 불꽃 방전을 반복하기에 충분한 전하의 분리가 계속 일어나고 있는데, 그 결과 양전하 (+)는 구름의 상부에 넓게 분산되어 분포하고, 음전하 (-)는 주로 구름 하부에 분포한다. 이 때 음전하가 대지로 방전되어 발생하는 낙뢰를 부극성 (-)낙뢰, 양전하가 대지로 방전되어 발생하는 낙뢰를 정극성 (+)낙뢰라 한다. 낙뢰의 약 80%는 구름 내부 또는 구름 대 구름 사이에서 발생하고, 약 20%만이 구름과 지면 사이에서 발생하는데, 이러한 구름-지면 낙뢰 (Cloud-to-ground lightning)는 가장 위험하고 그 피해도 크다. 우리나라는 동아시아 몬순 기후의 영향으로 여름철에 대기가 불안정하여 낙뢰가 집중적으로 발생하며, 복잡한 지형과 해양의 영향으로 낙뢰현상의 공간적 변동도 크게 나타난다. 이러한 낙뢰는 최근으로 올수록 강도가 증가하고 있어 그 피해의 증가가 우려되기 때문에 낙뢰 발생 특성에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 낙뢰자료와 강수자료, 그리고 시 공간 분해능이 뛰어난 MTSAT-1R (Multi-functional Transport SATellite - 1 Replacement) 정지궤도 위성의 휘도온도를 이용하여 낙뢰 발생 시 강수 및 위성 휘도온도의 특성을 분석하고자 한다. 이러한 연구는 대류활동에 대한 정보 제공 뿐 아니라, 낙뢰 예측성 향상 및 재해 경감에도 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 2001년 기상청에 도입되어 운영 중인 신 낙뢰관측 시스템 (Total Lightning Detection System, TLDS)에서 관측된 낙뢰자료와 MTSAT-1R 위성에서 관측된 휘도온도 자료, 그리고 자동기상관측장비 (Automatic Weather System, AWS)에서 관측된 강수자료를 사용하였으며, 세 자료의 출처는 모두 기상청이다. 분석 기간은 2006년부터 2007년까지이며 우리나라에서 낙뢰발생 빈도가 여름철에 집중되어 나타나는 것을 고려하여 여름철 (6~8월) 낙뢰에 대해서만 분석하였다. 또한 낙뢰 발생 사례에 대하여 관측 효율이 90% 이상으로 알려진 위도 $33{\sim}39^{\circ}N$, 경도 $124{\sim}130^{\circ}E$ 영역에서 낙뢰발생시 강수 및 위성 휘도온도의 특성을 분석하였다. 사례는 낙뢰 발생 횟수가 많은 날을 중심으로 먼저 적외영상과 낙뢰영상을 정성적으로 분석한 후 뇌우의 지속시간이 긴 9개 사례를 선정하였다. MTSAT-1R 위성과 낙뢰자료 및 강수자료는 관측주기와 공간규모가 서로 다르기 때문에 세 자료를 함께 사용하기 위해서는 시 공간을 일치시키는 과정이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 위성자료 관측시간(00분, 33분)과 AWS 지점 위 경도를 시 공간 일치를 위한 기준으로 사용하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.741-746
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• 1996

Antibacterial activities of the bamboo(Pseudosasa japonin Makino) leaves extract on lactic acid bacteria related to Dongchimi fermentation were investigated. The bamboo leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol, fractionated it with 4 solvents which have a different polarity. Total viable count was very similar to those obtained by lactic acid bacteria during fermentation of Dongchimi. Its maximum counts were (equation omitted) 10$^{7}$ CFU/m1 at 8 days of fermention. Lactic acid bacteria isolated during Dongchimi fermentation were identified as Leuconostoc species(BK-2, BK-07, BK-22), Lactobaillus species (BK-05, BK-08) and Streptococcus species(BK-15) 70% ethanol extract of the bamboo leaves showed antibacterial activity against strain BK-02, BK-07, BK-lS and BK-22. Especially, strain BK-22 was more effective to the extracted substance. Among the each fractions, 70% ethanol and diethyl ether had the strongest antibacterial activity against strain BK-22 and BK-07, respectively. The two fractions also showed similar activities against all of the test strains.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.885-891
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• 1996

Various problems in fermented fish products have been a major obstacle to manufacture the product in large scale, which is mainly concerned with the food safety. In this review, salt-fermented anchovy was selected to elucidate the characteristics of microorganisms involved in fermentation; thereby, it is suggested for research areas to achieve the quality improvement of tile product. Different microorganisms were involved in fermentation of anchovy. Dominant species were reported to be Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Micrococcus sp., other microorganisms were Vibro sp., Clostridim sp., Serratia sp., Achromobacter sp., Streptococcus sp., Breuibacterium sp., Halobacterium sp., Flavobacterium sp., Corynebacterium sp., Acinetobacter sp., Sarcina sp., Staphylococcus sp., Torulopsis sp., and Saccharomyces sp. To standardize the quality of fermented fish products, screening and isolation of promising microorganisms should be carried out to develop different types of products; at the same time, proper sanitation control should be employed to keep the commercial value of the product by prolonging the shelf life.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.694-699
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• 2014

Indigenous microorganisms play decisive roles in biodegradation. In this study, eighty strains of hydrocarbon-degrading microbes were isolated from Incheon Bay. Among them, 12 strains were selected by an oil film collapsing method. The bacterial strain 'Incheon9' was eventually selected based on its relatively higher lipase and emulsification activities, and was identified as Acinetobacter sp. (NCBI accession code: KF54854). The optimum condition for the growth and emulsification activity of Acinetobacter sp. Incheon9 was $20^{\circ}C$, pH 7, and 1% NaCl. The optimum time for the best production of biosurfactant was 72 hrs. The oil degradation ability of Acinetobacter sp. Incheon9 was investigated by measuring the residual oils in the culture medium by gas chromatography (FID). This research provides foundational data for eco-friendly environmental remediation by microorganisms.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1309-1315
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• 1997

Yields of enzyme-resistant starch (RS) from three kinds of maize starches (Amioca, normal starch and Amylomaize VII) which were treated with 1 N HCl for 24 hr and physicochemical characteristics were investigated. Hydrolysis rate of maize starches decreased with increasing amylose content. Maximum wavelength $({\lambda}_{max})$ and iodine affinity were decreased by the acid treatment. The yields of RS increased with acid treatment up to 12 hr and then decreased. The yield of for 12 hr acid-treated Amioca increased 8 times more than untreated sample, but those of normal starch and Amylomaize VII slightly increased. Using SEM, acid-treated and autoclaved maize starches showed gel like structure, but RS had round and rod shape small particles. X-ray diffraction patterns of autoclaved starches showed amorphous structure in Amioca and B-type in normal starch and Amylomaize VII, and those of RS showed all completely crystalline structure.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.7
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• pp.53-58
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• 1966

A study was carried out to investigate the microorganisms and their floral changes during the tobacco fermentation. The results were sumarized as follows. I. The molds in the "tobacco leaves" were isolated and identified as follows; Aspergllus flavus Link, A. restrictus G. Smith, A. nidulans (Eidam) Wint, A. awamori, Oidium sp. Edmundmasonia sp. Spicaria sp. II. The bacteria in the tobacco were isolated and identified as follows; Bacillus subtilis, B. subtilis var aterriums. B. licheniformis, B. cereus, B. Pumilus, B. megaterium, Flavobacterium harrisonii, Aerobacter aerogenes. III. The counts of the microorganisms on leaves taken from bulks of the fermenting leaf tobacco revealed the presence of relatively small number on the initial stage of the fermentation. During the tobacco fermentation the number of molds increase gradually to the maximum until the 14 th. day of the fermenation, followed by showing, the plateau, and the bacteria population revealed the maximum on the 7 th. day, then declined slowly.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.149-153
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• 1987

In order to observe the feasibility of serologic diagnosis of metagonimiasis, saline extracts of metacercariae and 4-week old adults were prepared. Sera from 25 experimentally infected cats were collected from 3 days to 12 weeks after infection. Their levels of specific IgG antibody were measured by ELISA together with 3 sera from non-infected cats. Specific IgG antibody levels began to rise in 7 days after infection, reached their peak in 2-4 weeks and made a plateau thereafter. Cats infected with hundreds of adult worms showed minimal rise of the antibody level. Adult antigen was superior to metacercarial antigen in detecting the specific IgG antibody.