• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.116-124
• /
• 2001

종래의 화학적 방법에 의한 일반 분석으로 수분, 전분, 회분, 조섬유, 칼슘, 마그네슘 등의 성분 분석 결과 수치와 근적외 분광 분석기를 이용하여 검량선을 작성한 결과, 결정계수 ($R^2$)는 전분(0.951), 칼슘(0.933), 수분(0.918), 회분(0.897), 조섬유(0.728), 마그네슘(0.390)의 순으로 높았고, 조섬유와 마그네슘의 경우는 결정계수 값이 다소 떨어지는 경향이 있었지만, 기존의 분석 방법과 유사한 경우를 얻었다. 향후 계속적인 시료의 보강과 모집단 분석을 이용한 체계적인 확충을 통해 얻어진 개량된 검증식을 사용하게 된다면 앞으로 수삼의 분석을 효과적으로 수행할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to analyze chemical components in burley tobacco using near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS). Samples were collected in '96 and '97 crop year. Calibration equations were developed by modified partial least square. The standard error performance(SEP) of '96 crop year samples between NIRS and standard laboratory analysis were 0.25% for nicotine, 0.18% for total nitrogen, 0.59% for crude ash, 0.32% for ether extracts, and 0.14% for chlorine, respectively. The analytical results of '97 crop year samples were similar to those of '96 crop year samples. The analytical result of '97 crop year samples analyzed by '96 calibration equation was more inaccurate than that of '96 crop year samples. The SEP of '96 or '97 crop year samples applying calibration equation derived from '96 plus '97 crop year samples was similar to that of '96 or '97 crop year samples analyzed by '96 or '97 calibration equation, respectively. The SEP of '97 crop year samples analyzed by calibration equation derived from '96 plus '97 crop year samples was more accurate than that of '97 crop year samples analyzed by '96 calibration equation. To improve the analytical inaccuracy caused by the difference of crop year between calibration and prediction samples, we need to include the prediction sample spectra which were different from calibration sample spectra in recalibration sample spectra, and then develop recalibration equation. The NIRS can apply to analyze burley leaf tobacco, leaf process or tobacco manufacturing process which were required the rapid analytical result.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2005

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been widely applied in various field, since it is nondestructive and no sample preparation is required. In this paper, NIR spectroscopy was used for the determination of naproxen in a commercial pharmaceutical preparation. NIR spectroscopy was used to determine the content of naproxen in intact naproxen tablets containing 250 mg ($65.8\%$ nominal concentration) by collecting NIR spectra in the range of $1100{\sim}1750nm$. The laboratory-made samples had $46.1{\sim}85.5\%$ nominal naproxen concentration. The measurements were made by reflection using a fiber-optic probe and calibration was carried out by partial least square regression (PLSR). Model validation was performed by randomly splitting the data set into calibration and validation data set (63 samples as a calibration data set and 42 samples as a validation data set). The developed NIR calibration gave results comparable to the known values of tablets in a laboratorial manufacturing process with standard error of calibration (SEC) and standard error of prediction (SEP) of $1.06\%\;and\;1.04\%$, respectively. The NIR method showed good accuracy and repeatability. NIR spectroscopic determination in intact tablets allowed the potential use of real time monitoring for a running production process.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.396-401
• /
• 2014

본 논문에서는 록소프로펜 제제의 분석 시간을 단축하고 제품 출하 속도를 향상시키기 위하여 근적외부(NIR) 스펙트럼 측정법을 이용하여 기존에 사용하던 HPLC 방법과 상호 비교해 보고자 하였다. 제제학적으로 사용되는 다른 첨가제들과 함께 록소프로펜 혼합시료를 제조하고, NIR 분광광도계와 HPLC로 록소프로펜을 정량하고 평가하였다. 두 시험법의 밸리데이션 항목으로 특이성, 정확성 및 정밀성을 실시하였다. NIR 측정법이 검증되었고, 제약산업 분야의 제조공정 중 품질관리를 위한 적합한 결과를 얻었다. 결론적으로 록소프로펜을 분석하는데 있어서 NIR 측정법을 사용하면 기존의 HPLC 정량법을 NIR의 결과로 대치할 수 있을 것이다.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.60-64
• /
• 2004

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to determine rapidly and nondestructively the content of ambroxol in intact ambroxol tablets containing 30 mg (12.5％ m/m nominal concentration) by collecting NIR spectra in range 1100-1750 nm. The laboratory-made samples had 10.3∼15.9％ m/m nominal ambroxol concentration. The measurements were made by reflection using a fiber-optic probe and calibration was carried out by partial least square regression (PLSR) with autoscaling. Model validation was performed by randomly splitting the data set into calibration and validation data set (7 samples as a calibration data set and 5 samples as a validation data set). The developed NIR method gave results comparable to the known values of tablets in a laboratorial manufacturing Process, standard error of calibration (SEC) and standard error of prediction (SEP) being 0.49％ and 0.49％ m/m respectively. The method showed good accuracy and repeatability NIR spectroscopic determination in intact tablets allowed the potential use of real time monitoring for a running production process.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제47권5호
• /
• pp.261-265
• /
• 2003

Near-infrared (NIR) system was used to determine rapidly and simply indomethacin in buffer solution for a dissolution test of tablets and capsules. Indomethacin standards were prepared ranging from 10 to 50 ppm using the mixture of phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) and water (1 : 4). The near-infrared (NIR) transmittance spectra of indomethacin standard solutions were collected by using a quartz cell in 1 mm and 2 mm pathlength. Partial least square regression (PLSR) was explored to develop calibration models over the spectral range 1100∼1700 nm. The model using 1 mm quartz cell was better than that using 2 mm quartz cell. The PLSR models developed gave standard error of prediction (SEP) of 0.858 ppm. In order to validate the developed calibration model, routine analysis was performed using another standard solutions. The NIR routine analysis showed good correlation with actual values. Standard error of prediction (SEP) is 1.414 ppm for 7 indomethacin samples in routine analysis and its error was permeable in the regulation of Korean Pharmacopoeia (VII). These results show the potential use of the real time monitoring for indomethacin during a dissolution test.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.579-584
• /
• 1994

기존의 노화도 측정법은 분석시간이 오래 걸리고 노동력이 많이 드는 단점이 있어 이를 개선하기 위해 신속 간편하고 비파괴적인 근적외선 분광분석법(NIR)을 노화도측정에 적용하였다. 밥을 $4^{\circ}C$에서 저장하면서 6시간 간격으로 시료를 채취한 후 동결 건조하여 분말화 한 것을 시료로 하여, 각기 다른 노화($0.0%{\sim}47.1%$)를 나타내는 시료들의 노화도를 NIR을 이용하여 추정하였다. 표준분석법으로는 기존의 분석방법인 glucoamylase를 이용한 효소적 방법에 의해 호화도를 측정하여 이로부터 노화도를 산출하였다. 일정 수분함량인 각 시료의 2차 미분 스펙트럼으로 부터 노화에 의한 흡수(吸收)띠의 변이는 1360, 1434, 1528, 1700, 1780, 1928. 2100, 2284, 2320 nm 영역에서 관찰되었다. 수분함량 5% 이하의 분말시료 32개를 사용하여 이의 2차 미분 스펙트럼으로 부터 노화도를 추정하기 위한 검량식을 구하였으며, 이때 상관계수는 0.9753, SEC는 3.64% 및 SEP는 3.91%를 나타내어 노화도측정을 위한 NIR의 적용 가능성을 보여주었다. 각기 다른 수분함량을 갖는 시료의 노화도 측정에 이 검량식을 적용할 경우 측정시료의 수분함량이 7.0%, 11.4%로 증가함에 따라 SEP와 bias가 증가하고 상관계수가 낮아져 NIR에 의한 노화도의 측정시에는 검량식의 작성에 사용된 5% 이하의 수분함량의 시료를 사용하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제40권6호
• /
• pp.716-722
• /
• 1995

겉보리 품질에서 중요한 전분, $eta$-glucan, 단백질 및 회분을 근적외선분광분석법을 이용하여 신속하고 정확하게 분석할 수 있다면 양질의 겉보리 품종육성에 있어 선발효율을 높일 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 목적으로 겉보리 34계통을 공시하여 근적외선 분광광도계 Neotec 102를 이용한 근적외 스펙트럼과 각각의 화학분석치간의 중회귀분석에 의해 검량식을 작성하고 각 검량식별 측정 정확성을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 전분함량 분석시 2272/2078/2053/2055nm의 4개 파장으로 구성된 검량식이 추정치 표준오차(SEP)가 2.75, 상관계수가 0.932로 측정 정확성이 높았다 2. $\beta$-glucan 함량분석은 2276/2086nm의 2개 파장으로 구성된 검량식에서 추정치 표준오차(SEP)가 0.643, 상관계수가 0.588을 나타내 유의성은 인정되지 않았으나 본 실험에 사용된 근적외선 분광광도계 파장영역이 넓은 기기를 사용한다면 분석은 가능할 것으로 생각되었다. 3. 단백질은 1932/2242/2110nm의 3개 파장으로 구성된 검량식의 추정치 표준오차(SEP)가 0.257로 낮았고, 상관계수가 0.984로 측정 정확성이 매우 높게 나타났다. 4. 회분은 2160/1943/1941nm의 3개 파장으로 구성된 검량식을 이용하여 NIRS로 분석가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 2004

This study was described for measuring clinically relevant levels of glucose in undiluted plasma and whole blood by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Result from an initial measurement of major blood components powder was over-lapped the absorption bands of glucose at 1500-1600 nm. However, the NIR data of blood components were clearly separated by principle component analysis (PCA) space. By the use of partial least squares (PLS) regression, glucose concentrations in undiluted plasma and whole blood could be determined with standard errors of prediction (SEP) of 15 mg/dl and 76 mg/dl, respectively. Although these blood components possessed strong absorption bands that overlapped with the absorption bands of glucose, successful calibration models could be carried out.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.177-181
• /
• 2004

Non-invasive blood glucose measurement from mouse tail was performed by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Three groups; normal, type I diabetes (insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM), type II diabetes (non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM) group, were studied over a 10 weeks period with the collection of near-infrared (NIR) spectra. Spectral variations from long-term measurement (10 weeks) from dramatic and nonlinear changes in the optical properties of the live tissue sample were compensated by chemometrics techniques such as principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) regression. The effect from mouse body temperature changes on NIR spectral data was also considered. This study showed that the compensation of variations from long-term measurement and temperature changes improved calibration accuracy of non-invasive blood glucose measurement.