• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.922-924
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• 2004

A 55 year old male was admitted for dyspnea. The patient was diagnosed as acute myocardiac infarction, and coronary artery bypass grafting was performed with cardiopulmonary bypass. At postoperative day ＃1, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome was developed with fever, leukocytosis, tachycardia, tachypnea and low systemic vascular resistance. The patient was recovered after being treated with high dose of (36 $\mug/min)$ norepinephrine, and was discharged.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.363-374
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics or the potassium channels existing in the rat urinary bladders. Smooth muscle strips of rat detrusor urinae were examined by isometric myography. Relaxation responses of detrusor muscle strips to the three potassium channel openers pinacidil, a cyanoguanidine derivative, BRL 38227, a benzopyran derivative and RP 52891, a tertrahydrothiopyran derivative were examined. The potassium channel openers reduced the basal tone, and the rank order of potency was RP 52891>pincidil>BRL 38227. Procaine, an inhibitor of the voltage-sensitive potassium channel tended to increase the basal tone, but it did not affect the relaxant effects of the calcium-activated potassium channel opener did not antagonize the relaxant effects, but it reduced the Emax of RP 52891 and BRL 38227. Glibenclamide, an inhibitor of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel, antagonized the relaxant effects of pinacidil, RP 52891 and BRL 38227 reducing the Emax of RP 52891 and BRl 38227. Galanin which inhibits secretion of insulin through opening the ATP-sensitive potassium channels in pancreatic ${\beta}$-cells rather increased the basal tone of the isolated detrusor strips. These results suggest that the urinary bladder of the rat has mainly the ATP-sensitive, glibenclamide sensitive potassium channel, which is a different type from that in the pancreatic ${\beta}$-islet cells..

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.102-109
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• 2011

The genioglossus muscle plays an important role in maintaining upper airway patency during inspiration; if this muscle does not contract normally, breathing disorders occur due to closing of the upper airway. These occur because of disorders of synaptic input to the genioglossus motoneurons, however, little is known about it. In this study, the distribution of GABA-, glycine-, and glutamate-like immunoreactivity in axon terminals on dendrites of the rat genioglossus motoneurons, stained intracellularly with horseradish peroxidase (HRP), was examined by using postembedding immunogold histochemistry in serial ultrathin sections. The motoneurons were divided into four compartments: the soma, and primary (Pd), intermediate (Id), and distal dendrites (Dd). Quantitative analysis of 157, 188, 181, and 96 boutons synapsing on 3 soma, 14 Pd, 35 Id, and 28 Dd, respectively, was performed. 71.9% of the total number of studied boutons had immunoreactivity for at least one of the three amino acids. 32.8% of the total number of studied boutons were immunopositive for GABA and/or glycine and 39.1% for glutamate. Among the former, 14.2% showed glycine immunoreactivity only and 13.3% were immunoreactive to both glycine and GABA. The remainder (5.3%) showed immunoreactivity for GABA only. Most boutons immunoreactive to inhibitory amino acids contained a mixture of flattened, oval, and round synaptic vesicles. Most boutons immunoreactive to excitatory amino acids contained clear and spherical synaptic vesicles with a few dense-cored vesicles. When comparisons of the inhibitory and excitatory boutons were made between the soma and three dendritic segments, the proportion of the inhibitory to the excitatory boutons was high in the Dd (23.9% vs. 43.8%) but somewhat low in the soma (35.7% vs. 38.2%), Pd (34.6% vs. 37.8%) and Id (33.1% vs. 38.7%). The percentage of synaptic covering of the inhibitory synaptic boutons decreased in the order of soma, Pd, Id, and Dd, but this trend was not applicable to the excitatory boutons. The present study provides possible evidence that the spatial distribution patterns of inhibitory and excitatory synapses are different in the soma and dendritic tree of the rat genioglussus motoneurons.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.160-160
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.11a
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• pp.18-18
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• 1995

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.33-34
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• 2006

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.45-56
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• 2001

Korea mountain ginseng known as oriental miracle drug is an important medicinal plant. The effect of mountain ginseng adventitious roots extract has been described. The valuable root of mountain ginseng contained several kinds of ginsenosides that have been confirmed to have many active functions for the human body. However, the study of mountain ginseng has a limit because the price of wild ginseng is very expensive and rare. The mountain ginseng adventitious roots were derived from mountain ginseng callus that were induced from mountain ginseng roots. Adventitious roots were separated from callus and grown in solid media(Murachige and stoog media). It was cultured in a 20L bioreactor. After culturing for 40days, adventitious roots were harvested. Afterwards the harvested mountain ginseng adventitious roots were dryed and extracted. We examined the effect on melanogenesis of mountain ginseng adventitious roots extract. Here, we report the inhibitory effect of melanin biosynthesis on the adventitious roots extract of In vitro test. Also, we assessed the safety of adventitious roots extract. In vitro, cytotoxicity of adventitious roots extract was assessed in mouse fibroblast using two method: The neutral red uptake assay and the MTT assay. In vivo, the allergic and irritant were Patch teated in 30 patients. Consequently, extract of mountain ginseng adventitious roots have inhibitory effect on melanin biosynthesis in B-16 melanoma cell test, tyrosinase inhibitory test and DOPA auto-oxidation test. There were decreased 86%(0.5% concentration), 45%(1% concentration) and 61%(1% concentration), respectively.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 1990

색을 가지는 물질 즉 "색소" 란 인간의 눈에 시각으로서의 색을 인식 시키는 물질이다. 따라서 색소는 대상을 colorful하게 만들며 생활을 풍요롭게 하는데 필수불가결한 물질이다. 합성염료가 개발되기 이전부터 인간은 동물, 식물, 광물에서 색소를 추출해 사용해 왔다. 그러나 색소의 "색" 이외의 물성을 적극적으로 이용 할려고는 하지 않았다. 색소가 가지는 특성과 기능은 광흡수(색, 근적외 흡수, 다색성), 광방사(형광, 인광), 광 전도성, 가역변화(열, 광, pH), 화학 반응성 등이며, 이들의 특성과 기능이 색소를 광과 전자 분야에 관련되는 재료로 응용되게 유도 하였다.련되는 재료로 응용되게 유도 하였다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2000

Background and Purpose: This study was undertaken to compare the sensitivity of the Repetitive Nerve Stimulation Test (RNST) between the upper and lower extremity muscles in myasthenia gravis(MG) patients. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 20 normal persons(control group) and 10 MG patients(MG group). Using Stalberg's method. RNST was systemically performed in orbicularis oculi muscle. upper extremity muscles(flexor carpi ulnaris. abductor digiti quinti), and lower extremity muscles(tibialis anterior. extensor digitorum brevis. vastus medialis). Results: There were statistical differences of decremental response($mean{\pm}SD$) in orbicularis oculi and upper extremity muscles between the control and MG groups(p<0.05 or p<0.01). However, there was no statistical difference of decremental response($mean{\pm}SD$) to RNST in lower extremity muscles between the control and MG groups. There were highersensitivity in orbicularis oculi and upper extremity muscles than lower extremity muscles. Although positive reponse were detected in the lower extremity muscles, the positive response rates of lower extremity muscles were lower than o.oculi and upper extremity muscles. Conclusions: When the response rates of RNST in facial and upper extremity muscles are normal, may not be required RNST in lower extremity muscles.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.131-137
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• 2021

The aim of the study was to observe the influence and related mechanism of histamine and its analogues used for hypersensitivity tests and used as an indicator of impurities in drugs on the tissue-specific intestinal contraction. Intestinal contraction includes the activation of thick or thin filament regulation. However, there are few reports addressing the question whether this regulation is involved in histamine-induced regulation. We hypothesized that histamine plays a role in tissue-dependent regulation of intestinal contractility. Denuded ileal/colonic longitudinal and circular muscles of male rats were used and isometric contractions were recorded using a data acquisition system. Interestingly, histamine alone didn't increase the contraction of the circular muscle but increased the contraction of the longitudinal muscle. Histamine together with atropine (M3 receptor antagonist) didn't inhibit the contraction of the longitudinal and circular muscle. Therefore, histamine alone and together with atropine increases the ileal longitudinal muscle contraction suggesting that additional mechanisms (decreased receptor density, postreceptor signaling or distribution of agonists) might be involved in the regulation of ileal muscle contractility. In conclusion, histamine and/or atropine has some effect on the regulation of the longitudinal contractility regardless of M3 receptor and the simpler test would be preferred as the drug impurity test compared to more complicated tests.