• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.161-166
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• 2008

In order to determine the effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on the frequency of micronuclei (MN), aneuploidy and chromosomal rearrangement induced by bleomycin (BLM) in human fibroblast cells, a 60 Hz ELF-EMF of 0.8 mT field strength was applied either alone or with ELM throughout the culture period and a micronucleus-centromere assay was performed. Our results indicate that the frequencies of MN, aneuploidy and chromosomal rearrangement induced by ELM increased in a dose-dependent manner. The exposure of cells to 0.8 mT ELF-EMF followed by ELM exposure for 3 hours led to significant increases in the frequencies of MN and aneuploidy compared to BLM treatment for 3 hours alone (p<0.05), but no significant difference was observed between field exposed and sham exposed control cells. The obtained results suggest that low density ELF-EMF could act as an enhancer of the initiation process of BLM rather than as an initiator of mutagenic effects in human fibroblast.

• KIPE Magazine
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.23-31
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• 1999

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.187-200
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• 1995

This paper reviews studies on potential health effects of electric and magnetic fields at extremely low frequencies(ELF). Recent studies focus on the epidemiological investigation of cancer, reproductive outcome and neurobehavioral effects due to residential and occupational exposure to ELF. Laboratory experiments are also carried out to find the possible mechanism of biological effects of ELF. Firm conclusion regarding whether ELF cause cancer are not yet conclusive but suggestive and other health effects of exposure to ELF have also been suggested but the evidence is even weaker than that related to cancer.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.207-214
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• 2021

Humans are environmentally exposed to various electromagnetic fields, but the evaluation of the harmfulness of electromagnetic field and the development of a system therefor are still incomplete. We aimed to develop a system for evaluating biohazard against electromagnetic fields, and to determine biohazard through the system. An extremely-low frequency magnetic field generator was designed and manufactured, and the output reliability of the device was verified. Using this device, the effect on the formation of cellular stress-granules and the cell cycle progression of cells exposed to high magnetic fields of 6 mT and 60 Hz was confirmed. As a result, exposure to high magnetic fields of 6 hr, 12 hr and 36 hr did not affect the formation of cell stress-induced granules and the cell division cycle. These results are an important basis for the determination of biohazard to the extremely-low frequency high magnetic field.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.1017-1023
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• 2003

Recently, the use an electric apparatus has brought into concerns about health risks from exposure to electromagnetic fields. During the last 2 decades, a number of epidemiological studies have explored the association between childhood leukaemia and residential exposure to power-frequency electromagnetic fields. Several studies have suggested that there is a small excess leukaemia risk with magnetic field exposure above 2 mG. A number of governmental and international organizations have developed exposure gudelines. The most rigid regulation with exposure levels for the elementary school and hospital has been enacted by Switzerland. Although there is no convincing supportive laboratory evidence, and the absence of a plausible biological mechanism of disease causation limits, governments are increasingly called on to adopt precautionary approaches to regulating electromagnetic field exposures. The government would need to establish the policy for electromagnetic fields and continually to be concerned about possible health risks from exposure to electromagnetic fields.

• The Magazine of the IEIE
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.90-104
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• 2001

최근까지 동물 또는 사람이 극저주파 전자기장에 평생 또는 여러 세대에 걸쳐 노출되었을 경우, 나타나는 생체영향에 관한 연구는 거의 없다. 본 연구에서는 마우스에 60Hz 전자파를 1세대부터 3세대까지 지속적으로 노출시켜 나타나는 영향을 실험하였다. 실험동물은 5주령인 BALB/c 마우스를 1주일간 적응시킨 후 사용하였다. 실험군은 5kV/m, 30kV/m, 0.5mT 그리고 1.5mT의 4개군으로 나누었으며, 대조군은 1군으로 실험하였다. 생후 6주부터는 위에서 정해진 양의 전자파를 20-22주간 지속적으로 실험동물에 조사하고 동일조건의 암수 마우스를 교미시켰으며, 임신 후에도 사망 또는 부검시까지 동일한 조건으로 계속 조사하였다. 2세대와 3세대는 임신적부터 사망 또는 부검시까지 동일한 조건으로 계속 조사하였다. 1, 2 그리고 3세대 마우스들은 질병에 의한 사망 직전 또는 생후 46주, 66주 그리고 생후 49주에 부검한 뒤, 혈액학적 및 생화학적 검사 그리고 조직병리학적 검사를 실시하였다. 2세대 태아에서는 조기사망(early fetal death), 성장기사망(late fetal death) 그리고 뇌노출(excencephaly) 및 선천성 심장기형을 포함하는 선천이상이 발견되었는데, 이는 대조군에 비해 2-4배 높았다. 1, 2세대에서는 생식기인 고환(testis)과 난소(ovary)의 무게가 감소하였으나 2세대에서는 아무런 변화를 보이지 않았다. 실험군인 30kV/m, 0.5mT 그리고 1.5mT 전 실험군인 30kV/m, 0.5mT 그리고 1.5mT 전자파에 노출된 1세대와 2세대 마우스에서는 프종(lymphoma), 선암종(adenocarcinoma), 기저상피세포증(basal cell epithelioma), 편평상 피두유종(squamous papilloma) 그리고 선종(adenoma) 등이 발견되었으나, 3세대에서는 발견되지 않았다. 60Hz 전자파는 태아 및 생식기에 영향을 미치고, 또한 종양을 유발할 가능성이 있다. 그러나 3세대는 전자파 환경에 점차 적응을 하는 것으로 보인다. 그러나 몇몇 국제기구에서 정하여 놓은 안전한계치의 전자파가 생체에 장기간 노출되었을 경우에 나타날 수 있는 생체영향을 확인하기 위해서는 많은 연구가 필요하다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.721-732
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• 2010

As increasing of electrical device usage, social concerns about the possible effects of 60Hz electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human health have increased. The number of people with self-attributed electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) who complain of subjective symptoms such as headache, insomnia etc. also increased. However, we don't know whether the EHS results from psychological factor or real perception to the electromagnetic field. In this study, we simultaneously investigated physiological changes(heart rate, respiration rate, heart rate variability, alpha and beta waves in EEG), subjective symptoms and perception accuracy to assess origins of subjective symptoms according to the EMF exposure. Experiment consists of real and sham sessions and 60Hz 12.5uT magnetic field was on(real) or off(sham) to 15 EHS and 16 nonEHS. As the results, EMF exposure did not have any effects on physiological parameters or subjective symptoms for both groups. There was also no evidence that EHS group perceived the EMFs correctly than the control group. Therefore, the origins of subjective symptoms is not the 60Hz magnetic field but psychological factors.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.646-655
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perceived distance from home to high-voltage power lines using a transmission and substation geographic information system(TGIS). Of the 725, 136 respondents reported that high voltage power transmission tower, power lines or substation was within visual field range from home. Among them, 114 respondents reported valid address, which could be used in the analysis of TGIS. Forty two respondents(36.8 %) estimated that the power lines were closer and 15 respondents(13.2 %) estimated that they were farther than they actually were. Our current findings suggest that the reported distance from home to high-voltage power transmission towers, power lines, and substations cannot be used as a proxy for exposure to electromagnetic fields due to the low validity.