• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2021

In this study, analysis was performed to identify three greenhouses located in the same area using principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discrimination analysis (LDA). The environmental data in the greenhouse were from 3 farms in the same area, and the values collected at 1 hour intervals for a total of 4 weeks from April 1 to April 28 were used. Before analyzing the data, it was pre-processed to normalize the data, and the analysis was performed by dividing it into 80% of the training data and 20% of the test data. As a result of PCA and LDA analysis, it was found that PCA classification accuracy was 57.51% and LDA classification was 67.06%, indicating that it can be classified by greenhouse. Based on the farmhouse data classified in advance, the data of the new environment can be classified into specific groups to determine the tendency of the data. Such data is judged to be a way to increase the utilization of data by facilitating identification.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.422-428
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• 2021

This study surveyed residents and public officials for the projects to make smart-city plans of Geumsan-gun. First, domestic and foreign cases related to smart city projects were reviewed. The local status of Geumsan-gun was investigated regarding various aspects of the natural, social, urban environment, and smart-city facilities. The survey results were as follows. Overall, more than half of the survey respondents said they were satisfied with their housing quality. Several problems in their areas, such as inefficient welfare system, shortage of parking space, and industrial infrastructure, were reported. On the other hand, tourism and leisure facilities, health care support systems, industries to boost the economy, and the job market were also important issues. The problem was that the regional problems mentioned above were not in line with their preferences for smart-city services. The implications of the survey results could be summed up as follows. The groupware surveys of Geumsan-gun should be used as survey tools, whereas IT survey tools (Google, Survey Monkey, etc.) should be used for locals. In particular, a survey targeting residents should ask plain and compact questions taking advantage of local gatherings. It is also important to have a pilot-survey with relevant public officials and select related projects and regional issues. The survey of local residents and public officials is a prerequisite for promoting smart city projects. The smart city project shall reflect the needs of residents while solving community problems by considering the survey results and local conditions.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.279-284
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• 2022

This study was conducted to establish a genetic evaluation system applicable to general farms for improving cows raised on farms. The analysis used Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) and Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (GBLUP) for 619 cows raised in Gyeonggi-do Province and compared and analyzed the accuracy of the estimated breeding value according to four traits (carcass weight, loineye muscle area, back fat thickness, and marbling). In the case of the GBLUP method, the size of the reference population was divided into different four groups and analyzed. The analysis results confirmed that the accuracy of the breeding value of each trait increased as the size of the GBLUP reference population increased. Comparing the accuracy of the breeding values estimated using the BLUP and GBLUP methods, it was confirmed that when the breeding values were estimated using the GBLUP method, they increased by 0.10, 0.09, 0.09, and 0.11 for carcass weight, eye muscle area, back fat thickness, and marbling scores, respectively. Applying the GBLUP method to the evaluation and selection of cows can enable precise and accurate individual selection, while increasing the size of the reference population can make even more accurate individual selection possible, thus increasing selection efficiency.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.41-50
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• 2021

This study investigated what the general public thinks about the shipping industry and how important it is. As a result of the study, more than half of the respondents answered that they knew a little about the shipping industry or that they were normally knew about the shipping industry. Regarding the necessity of budget input to prevent bankruptcy of national shipping companies, it was found that more than half of the respondents answered that it was necessary or moderate. Regarding the necessity of maintaining a national shipping companies, 53% of respondents said it was necessary, and 23% of respondetns said it was normal. However, when asked if they thought that maintaining a national shipping companies would benefit me and my family, 39% of respondetns answered "normal" and 28% of respondetns answered "mostly". As for the cause of Hanjin Shipping's bankruptcy, 49% of respondents said that the owners' family members were immoral and incompetent, and 17.4% of respondetns said that the shipping market conditions deteriorated. Regarding the necessity of fostering the shipping industry, foreign currency acquisition and service balance improvement through export of shipping services accounted for 43.5%, and smooth transportation of import and export cargo accounted for 36.5%. When asked what kind of damage I suffered from Hajin Shipping's bankruptcy, 54.6% answered other (not much), and 14.5% said inflation. Abouve these results, this study gave implication in terms of public promotion and transparent business management.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Background: A validation study is needed to make domestic applications of German Kneipp therapy. Purpose: The study aims to test the effect of a Kneipp therapeutic program in a domestic forest environment on the autonomic nervous system. Methods: The program was made considering the 4 key elements ('exercise', 'regulative therapy', 'nutrition', and 'phytotherapy') of the Kneipp therapy. Total 3 sessions (once a week for 5 hours in each session) were performed to 40 domestic adults divided into four groups (10 in each group). HRV was measured on the subjects before and after the intervention, and its 6 characteristic parameters (TP, VLF, LF, HF, LF/HF, CSI: Cumulative Stress Index) were compared for statistical analysis. Results: For 33 subjects excluding 7 who were disturbed by interrupt factors during measurements, significant improvements after the intervention, were observed in TP(8.64%, p < ..001), VLF(6.96%, p < .05), LF(15.86%, p < .001), HF(8.46%, p < .01), LF/HF(5.77%, p < .05) and CSI(-16.06%, p < ..001). Conclusions: The Kneipp therapy performed in the forest environment was shown to activate the autonomic nervous system and in particular the sympathetic and parasympatheric nervous to promote heart activity, and was also shown to most significantly reduce cumulative stress. The present observations would be the first preliminary evidence that the Kneipp therapeutic interventation in a domestic forest environment results in positive responses of the autonomic nervous system including stress relief.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.57-78
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• 2022

The disc cutter and cutterbit, which are the most important factors to increase the excavation efficiency of TBM, are key factors in the design and construction of the cutter head. The arrangement, spacing, number, size, and material of disc cutters suitable for the ground conditions determine the success or failure of TBM construction. The disc cutter, which is a representative consumable part in TBM construction, can cause enormous disruption to the construction cost as well as the construction cost unless accurate prediction of wear and replacement cycle is accompanied. Therefore, in this study, the method of calculating the replacement cycle of the disc cutter calculated at the time of design for the slurry shield TBM field, and the depth of wear and replacement location of the disc cutter that occurred during actual construction were compared by analyzing the field data. For a quantitative comparison, weathered soil/weathered rock, soft rock, and hard rock were classified according to the ground in the section showing constant excavation data, and the trajectory of circle was different depending on the location of the disc cutter, so it was compared and analyzed.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate in relation to characteristic of macroinvertebrates in conventional and organic paddy fields. The investigation was conducted five times a year for Suwon, Ansung, Boeun, Gunsan, Gimje, Hamyang, divide into conventional paddy fields and organic paddy fields from 2009 to 2011. The macroinvertebrates collected from the surveyed between conventional and organic paddy fields belonged to 84 species, 47 families, 16 orders, and 6 classes in 3 phyla. In the habitat orientied groups, climbers, swimmers and sprawlers were considerably occupied in conventional and organic paddy fields. In relation to the functional feeding groups, predators such as Odonata, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera were only the highest in paddy field ecosystem, regardless of cultivation method. As a result of community stability analysis, orgainc paddy fields has been identified much as species high resistance and resilience to environmental change in paddy field ecosystem. Species belonging to the I groups is considered to be important in organic paddy field such as Sternolophus rufipes, Hydrochara affinis, Helochares nipponicus, which has high mobility. In conclusion, it was found that the introduction of coleoptera as a food source was higher than that of conventional paddy fields in organic paddy field where primary consumers were abundant such as Chironomidae spp. and Dixidae sp..

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.119-126
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• 2022

As the importance of public health increases with the spread of infectious diseases, functionality has become a factor affecting consumers' purchase of mushrooms. Therefore, the bioactive components of button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus), which are generally known to promote button mushroom consumption, were analyzed. White and brown button mushrooms were compared and white beech mushroom (Hypsizygus marmoreus) were used as a control. White button mushrooms had higher sugar and inorganic potassium concentrations than brown button mushrooms, whereas sodium, magnesium, and vitamin C concentrations were not significantly different between the different button mushrooms. Moreover, there was approximately twice as much ergosterol in white button mushrooms than brown button mushrooms. Brown button mushrooms had higher concentrations of 𝛽-glucan and oxalic acid than white button mushrooms, but there was no significant difference in total organic acid content between the two mushroom types. High concentrations of the essential amino acids, ergothioneine, isoleucine, and leucine and the non-essential amino acids, glycine and alanine, were observed. Concentrations of the vitamin B group and total polyphenols were also high.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.29-42
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• 2020

This study, we will identify and analyze the current status and trends of successful field trips and field experience learning in Korea to improve the future operation of the center so that the purpose of enhancing the regional economic ripple effect in Gyeongsangbuk-do and regaining its reputation as a school trip mecca and No. 1 location can be found. This study conducted qualitative research through FGI (Focus Group Interview) on accommodation managers, tourism-related stakeholders, tourism officials stakeholders, and tourism professors in order to explore new concepts of field trips and field experience learning in 23 cities and counties in Gyeongsangbuk-do, and ways to develop and promote tour programs based on the importance of experience. Through the FGI (Focus Group Interview) analysis results, problems related to improvement of accommodation, food and beverage, safety and service, cooperation among local tourism officials, enhancement of satisfaction with student group visitors linked to unique tourism resources and promotion, diagnosis and introduction of acceptance posture, and management of local residents, local tourism officials and public officials in Gyeongsangbuk-do needed to present the direction and opportunity of tourism policies in Gyeongsangbuk-do.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.398-406
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• 2022

The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is the outermost layer of cellular environment in which numerous biophysical and biochemical processes are in action sustaining viability. Advances in cell engineering enable modification of bacterial genetic information that subsequently alters membrane physiology to adapt bacteria to specific purposes. Surface display of a functional molecule on the outer membranes is one of strategies that directs host cells to respond to a specific extracellular matter or stimulus. While intracellular expression of a functional peptide or protein fused to a membrane-anchoring motif is commonly practiced for surface display, the method is not readily applicable to exogenous or large proteins inexpressible in bacteria. Chemical conjugation at reactive groups naturally occurring on the membrane might be an alternative, but often compromises fitness due to non-specific modification of essential components. Herein, we demonstrated two distinct approaches that enable site-specific decoration of the outer membrane with a fluorescent agent in Escherichia coli. An unnatural amino acid genetically incorporated in a surface-exposed peptide could act as a chemoselective handle for bioorthogonal dye labeling. A surface-displayed α-helical domain originating from a part of a selected heterodimeric coiled-coil complex could recruit and anchor a green fluorescent protein tagged with a complementary α-helical domain to the membrane surface in a site- and hetero-specific manner. These methods hold a promise as on-demand tools to confer new functionalities on the bacterial membranes.