• 무역상무연구
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• 제20권
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• pp.3-22
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• 2003

The CISG has been effective since January 1,1988. Even if both parties of international sales contract are located in ratifying countries, the CISG does not apply to certain excluded transactions. The CISG does not apply if the parties have opted out of the CISG. When the parties opt out, they usually agree on the law that is to replace the CISG. In the context of international sales, the frequent and difficult choice of law problems will arise when the CISG applies to a transaction but does not resolve all the legal issues before the tribunal. So this article deals with the question. What should we select the applicable law in such situations? (1) For products liability issues excluded from the CISG by article 4 and 5, the court should apply the substantive law of the market state and the statute of limitations law of the forum, (2) For validity issues excluded from the CISG by article 4(a). the court should apply the UNIDROIT Principles when its rules resolve the issue.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제37권
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• pp.217-250
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• 2008

The International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code which was developed as the main response of the shipping sector to the miserable event of 11 September 2001 came into effect on 1 July 2004. The ISPS Code designed to detect and eliminate security threats affecting ships and port facilities used in international trade will significantly impact not only on the management and operation of the shipping industry but also on maritime law despite the fact that it is the regulatory framework of public law. It is expected that implementing the ISPS Code will contribute to reinforcement of maritime security on the one hand. However, on the other hand, more intensified security inspection and control measures of port states will also cause delay and additional costs which cause uncertainty in allocating security risk and cost between the contracting parties. Therefore, it is desire to insert new security clause dealing with main security issues or adapt existing clauses to new shipping environments to minimize disputes.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제45권
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• pp.33-50
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• 2010

The Incoterms, short for "International Commercial Terms," have been widely used as International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms since 1936. The Incoterms have been revised six times in order to adapt them to contemporary commercial practice. The current version is Incoterms 2000. The revised version of Incoterms 2000 will be published in the fourth quarter of 2010 and will be effective from January 1st 2010. The first and second draft of Incoterms 2010 have been carried out by a small global Drafting Group, representing seven nationalities and various areas of substantive expertise. In this paper, I reviewed the main contents in the 2nd Draft of Incoterms 2010. This paper contributes to help the parties concerned to understand the new changes from Incoterms 2000 and to choose the appropriate trade term.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제64권
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• pp.99-128
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• 2014

Last year, Seoul International Dispute Resolution Center(SIDRC) was set up to facilitate and promote international arbitration in Korea. This study was focused on the revision of arbitration rules such as ICC, SIAC, HKIAC and JCAA. As a leading arbitration institution in the world, ICC has tried continuously to provide more efficient service to their client by adopting emergency arbitrator(EA) & multi party arbitration. Other three institutions also introduced almost same mechanism to compete each other. These two new system is very innovative in international arbitration. First of all, EA was designed to provide interim measure service to preserve or protect parties' right before the constitution of arbitral tribunal. Arbitration institutions and arbitral tribunals should be careful to decide these requests are legitimate or not because too hasty approval on joinder or consolidation without full consideration such as parties' intention or argument may issue another serious problem - setting aside an award rendered after joined or consolidated.

• 안전기술
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• 제181호
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• pp.19-21
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• 2013

각종 천연자원이 부족한 우리나라의 특성상 자원을 수입한 후 가공해서 제품을 만들고, 이를 수출하는 가공무역은 큰 발전을 해왔다. 이와 같은 가공무역에는 수많은 업종들이 포함돼 있지만 그중에서도 대표적인 것으로 제지업을 꼽을 수 있다. 고급 종이를 생산하기 위해서는 원재료를 수입에 의존할 수밖에 없다. 이런 악조건에서도 국제적으로 경쟁력 있는 고품질의 종이를 생산하고 있는 기업이 있다. 바로 아트원제지(주)가 그곳이다. 이곳은 1971년 설립된 이후 한결같이 종이 생산에만 매진한 인쇄용지전문 생산기업이다. 그 명성에 걸맞게 첨단 생산 시스템과 기술력은 물로 안전관리에 있어서도 타의 추종을 불허한다는 평을 듣고 있다. 아트원제지(주)가 '안심일터'라는 명성을 쌓기까지 어떤 안전관리를 펼쳤는지 살펴봤다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.399-414
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• 2006

Since the inauguration of WTO system has made borderless competition across the countries, many government should try to find out the harmonious policy paradigm for the check and balance between the globalization and localization. The government procurement market has been considered as one of this kinds of difficult tasks for the local small and medium companies. Many governments should lift the paradigm of the government procurement market toward the conditionally open competitive market. The paper is aimed to find out the sustainable governance of the government procurement policies to protect the local companies. Based on the many international cases, including the Chille-Korea FTA, the paper concludes the sustainable governance of the policies should be focused on the equitability and transparency.

• 한국전자거래학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자거래학회 1999년도 종합학술대회발표논문집
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• pp.509-526
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• 1999

인터넷의 확산과 정보기술의 발전에 따라 무역장벽이 낮아지면서 세계 각국은 국가경쟁력 강화를 위한 노력을 경주하고 있다. 과거의 정보화는 조직내 업무를 대상으로 추진되어왔다. 하지만, 조직내 시스템의 구축이 어느 정도 완성되면서 긴밀한 거래관계에 있는 조직간에는 전자문서교환(EDI)을 이용하여 거래하는 새로운 개념의 조직간 정보시스템(Inter-Organizational Information Systems : 10S)의 활용이 활성화되고 있다. 우리 나라도 ‘90년대 초부터 각 업종에서 EDI를 도입하기 시작해 무역, 통관, 의료, 유통 등 일부 산업부문에서는 EDI를 활발히 도입하고 있다. 특히 정부에서는 전자정부의 구현을 목표로 대민 서비스 증진, 행정업무의 효율성 증대와 기업의 국제 경쟁력 강화를 위하여 우선적으로 조달 행정업무를 대상으로 EDI를 도입하기로 결정하고, 현재 14종의 문서를 EDI로 개발하려는 1차 확산사업이 시행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 조달 EDI 시스템의 활용을 위하여 조달 EDI 시스템의 구축과정에서 분석되었던 프로세스 재설계(Business Process Redesign)와 프로세스별 시간연구(Time Study)의 과정과 결과를 제시하고자 한다.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.10-14
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• 2002

1986년부터 1994년까지 진행된 우루과이라운드 협상의 결과로 1995년에 WTO(World Trade Organization：세계무역기구)가 설립되었다. 2001년 총 140여 개 국을 두고, 세계 무역의 총 90%를 차지하는 WTO의 출범으로 세계 경제는 무한 경쟁 시대를 맞이하게 되었으며 특히, 건설 분야에서는 대형 외국 건설 기업들이 후진국 건설 과제의 확보를 위하여 WTO에서 작성한 '건설자유경쟁사항'을 제시하였다. 또한 현재 각 국가별 공업 규격을 조정ㆍ통일하고, 물자와 서비스의 국제적 교류를 유도하며, 지적, 과학적, 경제적 활동 분야에서 세계 상호간의 협력을 증진하는 ISO(International Standardizing Organization)규정에 의해 많은 나라들은 자국의 이익을 보존하며, 나아가 국가간의 경쟁에서 낙오되지 않기 위한 발빠른 대응책을 마련하고 있는 실정이다. 일례로 유럽 국가들은 그 지역에 적합한 건설 시방서를 작성하기 시작하여 최근에는 EC2(European Code 2)를 출판한 실정이고, 아시아에서는 ACMC(Asian Concrete Model Code：아시아 콘크리트 모델 시방서)를 1990년도 초반부터 연구 작성하기 시작하였다.(중략)

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.221-235
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• 2019

SMEs are experiencing difficulties in doing sales promotion due to the low awareness of the image of the company and the products produced by them in the global market. Therefore, the Government should seek ways to raise awareness of SMEs' image and products. SMEs have to carry out global innovation activities needed to develop new products or new technologies, but they are exposed to limitations of these innovative activities due to the limit of their available resources. Therefore, as a national project, the Ministry of SMEs and Startups and the Small and Medium Business Corporation are doing project for fostering and constructing global shopping mall (independent mall) so that SMEs can strengthen their global innovation activities. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to succeeding in the project for fostering and constructing global shopping mall (independent mall) by studying the case of Zungle Incorporation which operates a global shopping mall and greatly increases exports by participating in this project, and identifying success factors of Zungle Incorporation in doing this project.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.271-287
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• 2019

This paper reviews and analyzes the ethical issues of multinational corporations (MNCs) in Africa. First, we find that the transparency and institutions of a host country have a negative relationship with the number of ethical violations of the MNCs. Second, this covers the effects of industry characteristics on each category of ethical issues such as the human rights and the environment. Based on the database of "Ethical Consumer", we show that the Auto, Chemical, Finance, and Telecommunication industries are more likely to violate human rights issues, and that Mining, Oil, Cosmetics, and Chemical industries are more likely to pollute the environments. Further, the country of origin does matter: the US and Asian companies are more likely to be involved with the business ethics violations than are their European counterparts.