• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2007

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency(LAD) is a rare autorecessive defect of phagocytic function resulting from a lack of leukocyte cell surface expression of ${\beta}_2$ integrin molecules(CD 18) that are essential for leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and chemotaxis. As a results, patients with LAD suffer from severe bacterial infections and impaired wound healing. A small number of patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1 have a milder defect, with residual expression of CD18. These patients tend to survive beyond infancy; they manifest progressive severe periodontitis, alveolar bone loss, periodontal pocket formation, and partial or total premature loss of the primary and permanent dentitions. In this report, we report on a 7 year old girl with severe oral involvement. The most import focus should be to control infections to reduce the risk for future infection.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 2010

Objectives: Deficit schizophrenia (DS) constitutes a disease separate from non-deficit schizophrenia (NDS). The aim of the current study was to compare the quantitative EEG and low resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) imaging between DS and NDS. Methods: This study was performed by 32 channels EEG for 42 schizophrenia patients who we categorized into DS and NDS using proxy instrument deficit syndrome (PDS). We performed the absolute power spectral analyses for delta, theta, alpha, low beta and high beta activities. We compared power spectrum between two groups using Independent t-test. Partial correlation test was performed with clinical parameters. Standardized LORETA (sLORETA) was used for comparison of cortical activity, and statistical nonparametric mapping (SnPM) was applied for the statistical analysis. Results: DS showed significantly increased delta and theta absolute power in fontal and parietal region compared with NDS (p<0.05). Power spectrum showed significant correlation with 'anergia' and 'hostility/suspiciousness' subscale of brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS)(p<0.05). sLORETA found out the source region (anterior cingulate cortex/limbic part) that delta activity was significantly increased in DS (p=0.042). Conclusions: DS showed different cortical activity compared with NDS. Our results may suggest QEEG and LORETA could be the marker in differentiating between DS and NDS.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.14-21
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• 2009

Purpose: To investigate MRI findings of the repaired anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Materials and Methods: Seventeen of arthroscopic ACL primary repair with sutures pull-out technique were followed for 21.4 months (range: 12 to 60 months). Stability was assessed with physical examination and KT-1000 arthrometer (MED metric, San Diego, CA) and postoperative MRI checked with time. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the location of tear which was defined with the location of remained synovial sleeve. Group I (11 patients) comprised that the tear was located within proximal 1/3 of ACL substance and group II (6 patients) comprised below proximal 1/3. MRI findings of the repaired ACL were evaluated by its course, sharpness, thickness and signal intensity using 3 grade system and correlated with its location of tear. Results: In all cases, Lachman test and flexion-rotation drawer test were negative, pivot-shift test was less than grade 1 and the mean side-to-side difference by use of KT-1000 arthrometer was 1.4 mm (range: -1.0 to 2.5 mm). The overall continuity of the repaired ACL was well maintained in all cases. However, mild sagging was observed in 10 cases(58.8%), mild obscure contour in 6 cases (35.3%), increased thickness in 8 cases (47.1%) and slight increased signal intensity in 5 cases (29.5%). There was no statistical significance in all parameters between 2 groups. And a focal defect at the femoral attachment site in sagittal image was observed in 7 cases (41.2%) of all patients which comprised 2 cases (18.2%) of group I and 5 cases (83.3%) of group II. It was observed more frequently in group II with statistical significance (p=0.035). Conclusion: Some abnormal MRI findings such as mild sagged course, obscure contour, increased thickness and signal intensity, the focal defect at femoral attachment site could be observed even though the stability was well maintained clinically. We thought that the focal defect was affected by the location of tear of ACL.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.218-226
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• 1998

This study aims at investigating the effects of psychostimulant on functional cerebral localization during the attentional tasks in ADHD. Inclusional subjects were 13 boy between 6-12 years old who met the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD. In each patient, there was a drugfree period(without methyphenidate) and a drug-loaded period(with oral methylphenidate administration), and within each period there was a resting state and a stimulated state with TOVA. Comparisons were made by measuring the amplitudes of four bands(${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, ${\delta}$, ${\theta}$) of quantitative EEG to see if there were any differences between the drug-free period(resting and stimulated) and the drug-loaded period(resting and stimulated). In the resting state, there was no difference between the drug-free and drug-loaded periods. In the stimulated state with TOVA, the presence of methylphenidate induced significant changes in the theta to beta ratio(${\theta}/{\beta}$) in the right frontal, right parieto-occipital, and left temporal-parietal areas in contrast to the drugf-ree period. These data suggest that methylphenidate shows electrophysiological influences on cerebral topographical activities during the attentional tasks in ADHD.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Burning mouth syndrome(BMS) refers to a chronic orofacial pain disorder usually unaccompanied by mucosal lesions or other clinical signs. Tongue(anterior and lateral border) is found to be the most common site for the burning sensations in the oral cavity, and various oral sites may be affected including hard palate and lips. The etiology of this disorder remains poorly understood, but the various factors might be related with the pathogenesis of the BMS. These factors have been devided into local, systemic and psychological. Recently, there have been increasing reports that the pain of BMS may be neuropathic in origin. The complex and multifactorial etiology of BMS necessitates multidisciplinary approach for the management of these patients. Recently, several studies have reported that oral parafunctional habits could be related the pathogenesis of BMS, and tried to control the symptom of BMS with various methods. We reported the cases who had the symptom of burning mouth syndrome with removable anti-nociceptive appliance in the lower dentition.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.110-116
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• 1991

Fracture site osteomyelitis begins rarely with an acute event but rather has a subacute onset. It develops almost exclusively in the mandibular region. The treatment principles of mandibular fracture site osteomyelitis are complete removal of inflammatory tissue and drainage, rigid fixation with or without autogenous bone bone graft and specific antibiotic therapy. But hyperbaric oxygen used as a modality in the treatment of intractable osteomyelitis. In this paper, we reported that the three patients who have osteomyelitis accompying secondary in fection after mandibular fracture.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1995

장시간 허혈상태의 토끼 이개를 실험대상으로 하여 유로키나제와 헤파린을 병용 또는 단독으로 사용시와 또한 약물을 사용하지 않았을 때, 이들이 모세혈관의 개존성과 아울러 미세수술후의 조직 생존율에 미칠 수 있는 효과를 보기 위하여 허혈상태의 토끼 이개를 미세수술로 접합한 후 모세혈관으로의 혈류를 측정하기 위하여 레이저 초음파 혈류측정기(Laser doppler flowmetry)를 이용하였으며 방사선 구슬들(Cobalt-57 with plastic material with average diameter 15 micron)을 주입한 결과 유로키나제 조합에서 통계적으로 유효한 성적을 얻었다. 광학현미경 소견은 유로키나제와 헤파린을 병용한 조합에서 모세혈관내 내피세포의 배열이 유지되어 있었으며 헤파린을 사용한 조합에서도 유사한 소견을 보였으나 약물을 사용하지 않은 조합에서는 국소적인 내피세포의 배열이 결핍되어 있었다. 전자현미경 소견에서 유로키나제와 헤파린을 병용한 조합에서 내피세포가 혈관내벽에 배열되어 있었고 또 불규칙한 세포질이 돌출되어 있었다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.429-433
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• 2009

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is defined as burning pain in the tongue or other oral mucous membrane associated with normal sign and laboratory findings at least 4 to 6 months. There are many factors that affect this condition and the pain characters are various among the sufferers, so it is difficult to diagnose exactly and treat properly. The cause of BMS is currently unknown. The etiology is presumed to be that it is related with local, systemic and psychogenic factor. The BMS is related with local factor such as allergic reaction, oral fungal infection(candidiasis), parafunctional oral habits and systemic factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, nutritional deficiencies(vitamin $B_{12}$, folic acid), hyposalivation and psychogenic factor such as depression, anxiety, cancerphobia. So clinicians must be aware of these factors and can give proper treatment options to patients. The management of BMS are pharmacologic management, cognitive behavioral therapy and psychotherapy treatment. Clonazepam, gabapentin, amitriptyline, alpha-lipoic acid and capsaicin are used to manage the BMS. Among these, topical clonazepam is reported that the effect is higher than systemic medication and the complications are rare. This case report is about some cases of the effect of topical clonazepam on BMS.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.514-519
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• 2000

We report a case of pneumonia in 36 year-old male patient who presented acute respiratory failure and associated radiologic findings of bilateral ground-glass opacity with focal cystic changes, showing rapidly aggravating course and was diagnosed as concomitant Pneumocystis carinii and Cytomegalovirus pneumonia accompanied by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome through antemortem open lung biopsy.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1970

철대사(鐵代謝)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)는 과거(過去) 30년(年)동안 새로운 검사방법(檢査方法)의 도입(導入)으로 눈부신 발전(發展)을이룩하였다. 1937년(年) Heilmeyer 등(等)에 의(依)하여 Ortho-phenanthrolin방법(方法)의 개발(開發)로 저색소성빈혈(低色素性貧血)의 원인(原因)이 구명(究明)되고 또한 이에 대(對)한 치료(治療)의 원칙(原則)이 세워졌다. 그 후 심(甚)한 감염(感染)이나 악성종양(惡性腫瘍)을 가진 환자(患者)者에서 관찰(觀察)되는 빈혈(貧血)에 대(對)해서 하나의 가설(假說)을 세워 이를 설명(說明)하려 하였는데 이는 곧 혈장(血漿)으로부터 철분(鐵分)이 신속(迅速)히 소실(消失)되어 망내계(網內系)나 병변(病變)이 있는 국소부위(局所部位)에 주(主)로 모여 들어 특수(特殊)한 방어기능(防禦機能)을 발휘(發揮)한다는것으로 연자(演者)는 방사성동위원소(放射性同位元素)를 이용(利用)하여 이 가설(假說)을 증명(證明)하였으며 이 연구(硏究)에는 또한 이문호교수(李文鎬敎授)가 Freiburg대학(大學) 유학중(留學中) 참여(參與)한 바 있다. 철대사(鐵代謝)를 파악(把握)하기 위(爲)해서 $^{59}Fe$가 흔히 사용(使用)되는데 이러한 방사성동위원소(放射性同位元素)를 이용(利用)함으로서 다음 사항(事項)들을 관찰(觀察)할 수 있었다. 즉(卽) 1. 소화장기(消化臟器)로 부터의 철흡수(鐵吸收) 2. 혈장(血漿)에서의 철(鐵)의 소실속도(消失速度) 3. 혈장내(血漿內)에서의 철교체율(鐵交替率) 4. 적혈구(赤血球)의 철이용(鐵利用) 5. 생체내(生體內)의 철분포(鐵分布) 6. 철배설(鐵排泄)의 정량적(定量的) 분석(分析) 또한 근년(近年)에는 특수(特殊)한 기능(機能)을 발휘(發揮)할 수 있는 동위원소(同位元素)를 이용(利用)하여 철흡수(鐵吸收) 및 대사이외(代謝以外)에도 적혈구(赤血球)의 수명(壽命)과 혈액량등(血液量等)을 측정(測定)하게 되었다. 경구적(經口的)으로 투여(投與)된 철(鐵)은 대부분(大部分) 십이지장(十二指腸)의 상부(上部)에서 흡수(吸收)되고 무기철(無機鐵)이 보다 쉽게 흡수(吸收)되어 가(價)의 상태(狀態)로 된다. 혈장(血漿)에서는 transferrin에 의(依)해서 철(鐵)이 운반(運搬)된다. 혈장철(血漿鐵)의 대부분(大部分)은 혈색소분해(血色素分解)에서 유래(由來)되며 이는 다시 혈색소(血色素)의 재생(再生)에 이용(利用)되는데 혈장내(血漿內) 철교체율(鐵交替率)은 방사성철(放射性鐵)을 이용(利用)하여 측정(測定)할수 있다 이와같이 방사성철(放射性鐵)을 이용(利用)하여 철대사과정(鐵代謝過程)을 숙지(熟知)함으르서 임상(臨床)에 응용(應用)하기에 이르렀으며 다음과 같은 질환(疾患)의 진단(診斷)에 특(特)히 큰 도움을 준다. A. 진성철결핍증(眞性鐵缺乏症) : 혁색소철(血色素鐵) 및 저장철(貯藏鐵)을 포함(包含)한 생체내(生體內) 전철분(全鐵分)의 부족(不足)된 상태(狀態)로서 실혈(朱血)에 의(依)한 것이 대부분(大部分)이다. 이 경우 철흡수(鐵吸收)는 증가(增加), 혈장철치(血漿鐵値)는 저하(低下), 철소실속도(鐵消失速度)는 증가(增加)되며 혈장철(血漿鐵) 교체율(交替率)은 항진(亢進) 혹(或)은 정상(正常)이다. B. 심(甚)한 염증성(炎症性) 질환(疾患) : 이 경우에도 혈장철치(血漿鐵値)의 저하(低下), 소실속도(消失速度)의 증가(增加), 교체율(交替率)은 정상(正常)보다 4배(倍)까지 증가(增加)할 수 있다. 골수(骨髓)에서 보다는 간(肝), 비(脾)와 같은 망내계(網內系)에 방사성철(放射性鐵)이 집결(集結)되는 것으로 보아 혈색소철(血色素鐵)보다는 저장철(貯藏鐵)이 관여(關與)되는 것이다. C. 원발성(原發性) 혈색소증(血色素症)(Idiopathic hemochromatosis) : 혈장철(血漿鐵)의 증가(增加)가 현저(顯著)하며 transferrin 농도(濃度)는 정상(正常)보다 낮으나 거의 대부분(大部分)의 철분(鐵分)으로 포화(飽和)된다. 철흡수(鐵吸收)는 증가(增加)되고 철소실속도(鐵消失速度)는 감소(減少) 되어 있으나 교체율(交替率)은 항진(亢進)되어 있다. 혈장철(血漿鐵)은 간(肝), 비(脾) 등(等)의 기관(器管)으로 저장집결(貯藏集結)되어 철저류(鐵貯溜)가 증대(增大)되므로 철이용증((鐵利用症)은 저하(低下)된다. D. 선천성(先天性) 무(無)$\ulcorner$트란스헤 린$\lrcorner$증(症)(Congenital atransferrinemia) : 방사성철(放射性鐵)을 이용(利用)한 진단방법(診斷方法)으로 Freiburg에서 7세(歲)의 소녀(少女)에서 발견(發見)한 증례(症例)인데 간(肝), 비(脾), 심(心)의 비대(肥大)가 임상적(臨床的)으로 인지(認知)되었고 중증(重症)의 철결핍상(鐵缺乏狀)을 검출(檢出)할 수 있었다. 철흡수율(鐵吸收率)의 상승(上昇), 혈장철치(血裝鐵値)의 감소(減少), 혈장철소실속도(血漿鐵消失速度)의 증가(增加), 혈장철교체율(血漿鐵交替率)의 상승(上昇) 및 적혈구(赤血球)에서의 철분이용율(鐵分利用率)의 저하(低下)를 ferrokinetic study에서 알 수 있었고 간(肝)에서 고도(高度)의 방사능(放射能)이 검출(檢出)되는 반면(反面), 비(脾)에서는 극소(極小), 골수(骨髓)에는 전(全)혀 방사능(放射能)이 들어가 있지 않았다. 이 증례(症例)와 같이 transferrin이 없으면 철분(鐵分)은 쉽게 조직(組織)으로 들어가 hemosiderin으로 저장(貯藏)되고 골수(骨髓)는 고도(高度)의 철결핍증(鐵缺乏症)을 나타내어 기관철침착증(器管鐵沈着症)과 철결핍성빈혈(鐵缺乏性貧血)이 동시(同時)에 나타나게 된다. 철대사장애면(鐵代謝障碍面)으로 보아 많은 미해결점(未解決點)이 남아 있으며 앞으로 자라나는 젊은 학도(學徒)들이 구명(究明)할 문제(間題)라고 믿는다.