• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.31-39
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• 2017

This paper analyses the effectiveness of Kill Chain (KC) and Korea Air and Missile Defense (KAMD), also known as the K2 systems, using monte carlo simulation. It is assumed that the K2 systems are consisted with unitary KC and multi-layered (upper-tier and lower-tier) KAMD. And each system has two or three arbitrary weapon systems and its combination makes 12 scenarios. Measures of effectiveness (MOE) of the K2 systems were defined as ratio of eliminated ballistic missiles from total threats. And total cost was calculated by number of weapon launched and its unit cost. MOE and total cost of the K2 systems were estimated using monte carlo simulation with a thousand iteration for each scenario. Cost-effectiveness analysis was performed and the best candidate was selected using fixed effectiveness approach. As a result, the performances of KC are prime factor that affects both effectiveness and total cost of the K2 systems. It is also, acquired proper level of lower-tier KAMD to achieve desired defense effectiveness. For future work, it needs to be performed cost-effectiveness analysis based on practical specification and life cycle cost of weapon systems.

• Composites Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2006

The effects of aging on fatigue of PSF/AS4 laminates tvas studied using the new energy release rate analysis. The analysis by the variational mechanics has been useful in providing fracture mechanics interpretation of matrix microcracking in cross-ply laminates. This paper describes the changes of the critical energy release rate ${\Delta}Gmc$(microcracking toughness) about the variation of the aging period during fatigue loading. The master plot by modified Pans-law gives a characterization of a material system's resistance to microcrack formation. PSF/AS4 $[0/902]_s$ laminates were aged at four different temperatures based on the glass transition temperature for 60 days. At all temperatures, the toughness decreased with aging time. The decrease of the toughness at higher temperature was faster than at lower temperature. To assess the effects of aging on fatigue, the unaged laminates were compared with the laminates which were aged for 60 days at $170^{\circ}C$ near $180^{\circ}C\;T_g$. The slope of dD/dN versus A 6u, of the aged laminates was lower than that of the unaged laminates. There was a significant shift of the aged data to formation of microcracks at the lower values of ${\Delta}G_m$.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37C no.11
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• pp.1094-1103
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• 2012

Recently, software industry regarding national defense increases system development of distributed simulation system of M&S based to overcome limit of resource and expense. It is one of key technologies for offering of mutual validation among objects and reuse of objects which are discussed for developing these systems. RTI, implementation of HLA interface specification as software providing these technologies uses Federation Object Model for exchanging information with joined federates in the federation and each federate has a characteristic that is supposed to have identical FOM in the federation. This technology is a software which is to provide the core technology which was suggested by the United state's military M&S standard framework. Simulator, virtual simulation, and inter-connection between military weapons system S/W which executes on network which is M&S's core base technology, and it is a technology which also can be used for various inter-connection between S/W such as game and on-line phone. These days although RTI is used in military war game or tactical training unit field, there is none in Korea. Also, it is used in mobile-game, distribution game, net management, robot field, and other civilian field, but the number of examples are so small and informalized. Through this developing project, we developed the core technique and RTI software and provided performance of COTS level to improve communication algorithms.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 2012

Recent modeling and simulation technologies are being used in various fields, especially in the field of military simulation-based acquisition (Simulation Based Acquisition) is recognized as an essential policy. In test and evaluation phase of the SBA process, to build a simulation-based T&E(test and evaluation) environment is needed when T&E cannot be carried by real weapon system. To improve efficiency and reliability for T&E, interoperability, reusability and reliability for T&E equipments and systems are important. In this study, we propose applying simulation framework for efficienct test and applying VV&A process for reliable evaluation. We describes the characteristics of the development process, the actual test cases and the results of evaluation. Finally utilization plan and the future direction of research is described.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.97-104
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• 2011

Defense M&S software industry has carried out a variety of studies related to an efficient implementation of large-scale simulation and interoperability with respect to each of the system and HLA has been developed to provide a common architecture for distributed simulation of them. HLA defines Federate interface specification and provides services through RTI. Meanwhile, the difficulty lies in developing the software based HLA. Federate developer needs to understand how to handle Metadata produced RTI and has to modify the interface code whenever FDD is modified. This paper presents the implementation method of SOM interface using the code generation technique and middleware architecture for providing simple API. It solves the problem for implementing the framework of distributed object communication by using proposed method.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.621-628
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• 2015

The rapid growth of network technology makes the high-tech weapon. Thus, in the modern war, the ability to immediately use of the high-tech weapon is important. To realize this ability, continuous trainning is necessary but, this trainning spends many money. To improve the budget efficiency, Modeling and Simulation(M&S) are used. However, they seriously decrease the reality. Recently, the system which can support the combination of Live with Virtual simulation is on the rise. The typical example is L-V-C Environment and many kind of middleware which can support the L-V-C Envrionment are already proposed. Previous middleware can support the interoperability between different simulations but, it cannot completely interoperate three(Live, Virtual, Constructive) simulation environments. In this paper, to solve this problem, we propose the scheme which is combination between different middlewares. And we conduct the API mapping between HLA and DDS which are typical middleware and verify the scheme.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2021

Availability is one of the important factor for developing weapon system, because it indicates the mission capability and sustainable life cycle management of weapon system. Recently, as weapon system becomes more advanced and more complex, availability estimation becomes more important to reduce the life cycle cost of weapon system. Modeling and simulation(M&S) is useful method to describe the availability of complex weapon system applying operational environment and maintenance plan. Especially agent based model(ABM) has the strength to describe interactions between agents and environments in complex system. Therefore, this paper presents the availability estimation of weapon system using agent based model. The sample data of part list and reliability analysis is applied to build availability estimation model. User agent and mechanic agent are developed to illustrate the behavior of operation and maintenance using formal specification. Storage reliability is applied to describe failure of each parts. The experimental result shows that this model is quite useful to estimate availability of weapon system. This model may estimate more reasonable availability, if full scale data of weapon system and real field data of operation is provided.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.719-726
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• 2021

Through the process of chemical vapor deposition, Tungsten Hexafluoride (WF₆) is widely used by the semiconductor industry to form tungsten films. Tungsten Hexafluoride (WF₆) is produced through manufacturing processes such as pulverization, wet smelting, calcination and reduction of tungsten ores. The manufacturing process of Tungsten Hexafluoride (WF₆) is required thorough quality control to improve productivity. In this paper, a real-time detection system for oxidation defects that occur in the manufacturing process of Tungsten Hexafluoride (WF₆) is proposed. The proposed system is implemented by applying YOLOv5 based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN); it is expected to enable more stable management than existing management, which relies on skilled workers. The implementation method of the proposed system and the results of performance comparison are presented to prove the feasibility of the method for improving the efficiency of the WF₆ manufacturing process in this paper. The proposed system applying YOLOv5s, which is the most suitable material in the actual production environment, demonstrates high accuracy (mAP@0.5 99.4 %) and real-time detection speed (FPS 46).

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2009

Currently network users, especially the number of internet users, increase rapidly. Also, high quality of service is required and this requirement results a sudden network traffic increment. As a result, an efficient management system for huge network traffic becomes an important issue. Ontology/data engineering based context awareness using the System Entity Structure (SES) concepts enables network administrators to access traffic data easily and efficiently. The network traffic analysis system, which is studied in this paper, is designed and implemented based on a model and simulation using data engineering methodology to be avaiable in evaluating large network traffic data. Extensible Markup Language (XML) is used for metadata language in this system. The information which is extracted from the network traffic analysis system could be modeled and simulated in Discrete Event Simulation (DEVS) methodology for further works such as post simulation evaluation, web services, and etc.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.285-292
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• 2009

It has been observed that, after long term storage, some ammunitions are misfired by tamping (combustionstopping) due to aging of the chemicals loaded in the ammunitions. Used in ammunitions are percussion powder which provides the initial energy, igniter which ignites the percussion powder, and a delay system that delays the combustion for a period of time. The percussion powder is loaded first, followed by the igniter and then the delay system, and the ammunitions explode by the energy being transferred in the same order. Tamping occurs by combustion-stopping of the igniter or insufficient energy transfer from the igniter to the delay system or the combustion-stopping of the delay system, which are suspected to be caused by low purity of the components, inappropriate mixing ratio, size distribution of particulate components, type of the binder, blending method, hydrolysis by the humidity penetrated during the long term storage, and chemical changes of the components by high temperature. Goal of this study is to find the causes of the combustion-stopping of the igniter and the delay system of the ammunitions after long term storage. In this study, a method was developed for testing of the combustion-stopping, and the size distributions of the particulate components were analyzed with field-flow fractionation (FFF), and then the mechanism of chemical change during long term storage was investigated by thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry), XRD (X-ray diffractometry), and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). For the ignition system, M (metal)-O (oxygen) and M-OH peaks were observed at the oxygen's 1s position in the XPS spectrum. It was also found by XRD that $Fe_3O_4$ was produced. Thus it can be concluded that the combustion-stopping is caused by reduction in energy due to oxidation of the igniter.