• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.293-297
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• 2016

This study was conducted to determine the effect of rainfall after cutting on nutritive value of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) hay. Fresh Italian ryegrass was treated with 3 days natural rainfall (56.5, 14.0 and 1.6 mm) after cutting without tedding. Rainfall effect on Italian ryegrass quality was evaluated based on Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), crude ash (CA) and non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC). The quality of Italian ryegrass was decreased with extending raining days. The content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was increased from 0.4 to 4.7% by 1 day advancement in raining. CF content was decreased from 8.1 to 32.8%. CP and CA contents did not change, but NFC content was decreased from 0.5 to 8.4%. The quality damage by the number of raining days after cutting Italian ryegrass was the lowest on the first day from exposure to rain.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.257-265
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• 2020

Parts obsolescence is a component type, in which raw materials or parts that make up a weapons system, are developed and produced according to demand, but they age due to changes in technology or market conditions. The weapon system equipment currently being used by the military is having difficulty in procurement, maintenance, and operation because of the obsolescence of parts. Parts obsolescence during the life cycle of a weapons system affects not only the combat readiness of the military but also the economic loss of material, parts, and equipment manufacturers and suppliers. On the other hand, advanced technology has reduced the life span of electronic components that make up the weapons system. In addition, because of the nature of the weapons system, the obsolescence of components takes decades from development to disposal, which has a serious adverse effect on equipment readiness and life cycle costs. Therefore, it is necessary to manage systematically the parts obsolescence from development until the disposal of the weapons system equipment. This study examined the system of component control in developed countries to present a proper management plan for local situations and propose development plans for the early settlement of component control.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.198-220
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• 2010

This paper investigate the problems of standard container port handling capacity in establishing national port development plan in Korea. Considering container port developing, it's not easy to adopt container port service quality parameters such as lay time constraint of very large container ships by using the standard guideline of container port handling capacity. A simple methodology that connects vessel waiting to service time(w/s) and berth occupancy to costs has been used to evaluate the performance of a container terminal. But the total handling capacity have to be calculated by the performance of the handling system and number of equipments and layout of terminal by using computer simulation that represents of reality events needs to be performed by probabilistic techniques. A simulation model of estimation of container terminal capacity is introduced in order to establish a hub terminal for very large container ships that focus the port's quality of service and also suggest as tool for policy maker to justify a required port investment.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.175-184
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• 2012

In the present study, the effects of feeding different forage sources on the growth performance, meat production and meat quality of Hanwoo steers were evaluated using meta-analysis. In total 5 studies that were performed and published in the domestic journals in Korea were employed for the analysis. The results from nutritionally better quality roughage-based steers and rice straw-based steers in each study were assigned as a treatment and a control, respectively, and the mean difference between the treatment and the control was used for the evaluation of effect size. The summary effect was calculated using random effect model. As results, in growth performance, positive effects were found in feed intake, daily weight gain, final body weight and feed efficiency. The significant effect was found only in daily weight gain (p<0.05). In meat production, carcass weight, Longissimus dorsi area, yield index showed positive effect and negative effect was detected in back fat thickness. The significant effect in meat production was found in carcass weight and Longissimus dorsi area (p<0.05). In meat quality, positive effects were represented in marbling score and fat color. Meat color showed little effect. The significance for effects was not observed in the analysis of meat quality. In conclusion, feeding good quality forages to ruminants plays an important role in Korean beef cattle industry and hence further researches are necessary to improve the efficiency of forage utilization in Hanwoo cattle.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.683-687
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• 2007

우리나라의 축산업은 대략 1970년대 이후부터 급속한 산업화에 따른 인구 증가 및 국민 소득의 증가로 식품 소비 형태가 변화하면서 육류 및 유제품의 소비가 증가하게 되고 농가에서 새로운 소득원으로 축산업이 활성화되면서 전통적인 재래식 가축사육 형태에서 전업식 사육형태로 점차적으로 규모가 커지기 시작하였다. 반면, 우루과이라운드(UR) 협상에 따라 농산물을 비롯한 축산물 등 완전시장개방에 따라 국제경쟁력 약화 및 축산폐수 규제의 강화에 대한 우려 등으로 겸엽(兼業)농식의 축산업은 도태 감소하게 되고 그 규모에 있어서 전업 전문화, 대규모화로 변모되어 가고 있는 추세임은 분명하다. 따라서 축산물 시장개방에 효율적으로 대처하기 위해서는 축산전업농가 육성과 계열화와 그에 따른 고품질 축산물 생산을 통한 축산업 경쟁력 제고에 노력해야 하며 아울러 축산폐수처리에 대한 기술개발 및 연구투자 확대와 더불어 축분 유기질비료의 생산 및 유통을 촉진하기 위한 법적 근거를 마련 등을 추진함으로서 국내 축산업의 경쟁력을 유지하며 친 환경적인 축산 경영을 이루어야 할 것이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 현재 날로 심각해지는 가축분뇨가 환경에 미치는 영향을 평가가 필요하여, 기초데이터의 확충 및 현황 파악을 위하여 축산 농가 내의 분뇨처리 실태를 조사 하고 문제점을 도출하고자 하였다. 또한 현재 조사된 자료를 바탕으로 가축 분뇨에 의한 오염 발생여부 및 발생량을 예측하고, 가축분뇨에 의한 오염 방지 및 수계에 미치는 영향을 안정적으로 유지하기 위하여 가축분뇨 이용 및 관리를 전반적으로 검토함으로써 가축분뇨를 효율적으로 관리하고 앞으로의 이용에 관한 여러 대안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다.요했던 출혈(2예), 흉골 지연봉합(2예), 급성 신부전(2예), 폐렴(1예), 대동맥내 풍선펌프로 인한 혈전색전증(1예),수술 후 섬망(2예) 등이 있었다. 생존한 10명의 환자들 중 1명을 제외한 나머지 9명의 환자에서 $38{\pm}40$개월간의 추적관찰이 되었는데, 추적 관찰 기간 중에 3명이 사망하였고 생존한 6명의 환자는 모두 양호한 상태(NYHA 기능등급, $I{\sim}II$)를 보였으며, 그 중 3명에서는 혈역학적으로 큰 의미가 없는 잔여단락이 있었다. 결론: 급성 심근경색증 후 심실중격 결손은 수술위험도가 높은 질환이지만, 수술 전 대동맥내 풍선펌프를 삽입하고 조기에 심실중격 결손부의 infarct exclusion 술식과 함께 관상동맥우회술을 시행함으로써 만족할 만한 수술 및 중기 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.출물 투여로 저하되었으나 NC군보다는 높게 나타났다. 간 중 중성지질 함량은 참나물 에탄올 추출물 투여 용량에 따른 유의차가 없었으나, 총콜레스테롤 함량은 고용량 병합투여한 HC-PBH군만 유의하게 저하되었다. 혈청 및 간 중의 지질 함량 변화는 정상식이를 급여한 NC군과 NC-PB군 간에는 유의차가 없었다. 따라서 고콜레스테롤식이를 급여하면서 참나물 에탄올 추출물을 병합투여 시에만 지질대사 개선 효과가 있는 것으로 여겨지며, 고용량 병합투여 시 효능이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 고콜레스테롤식이로 인한 산화적 스트레스가 고콜레스테롤혈증을 유발하였으며, 이는 참나물 에탄올 추출물에 함유된 항산화물질을 포함한 여러 생리활성물질이 영향을 미친 것으로 사료된다. 이상의 실험 결과에서 참나물 에탄올 추출물은 고콜레스테롤식이

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.4
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• pp.477-482
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• 2007

Forest biomass became a topic because we have growing interest in global environmental issues and environment-friendly energy resources. This study was carried out to estimate the forest biomass and develop a program for biomass information management in Korea. The total forest biomass (million ton) were 521 for gross forest, 403 for productive forest and 201 for commercial forest in 2005. Also, the annual biomass production in forest was 20 million ton which was equivalent to 94,290 Gkcal of heating value and about 9 billion won of paraffin oil. The biomass growing rate (every 10year) increased from 4.95% in 1985 to 5.30% in 1995 but turn down 4.46% in 2005. The factors that the forest stock could be converted to the forest biomass have developed according to forest type. Therefore, it is impossible to estimate the exact biomass by tree species. In this reason, the demands of the development of the factors by tree species was raised. In addition, it is on time to develop an equation for estimation of biomass by species using dbh and height as independent factors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2010

Oyster production is playing an important role in domestic aquaculture, but facing some problems such as exports decrease, a slowdown in domestic demand and marine environmental deterioration. In order to obtain the suitable and sustainable oyster production, suitable sites selection is an important step in oyster aquaculture. This study was conducted to identify the suitable sites for lunging culture of oyster using Geographic Information System(GIS)-based multi-criteria evaluation methods. Most of the parameters were extracted by Inverse Distance Weighted(IDW) methods in GIS and eight parameters were grouped into two basic sub-models for oyster aquaculture, namely oyster growth sub-model(Sea Temperature, Salinity, Hydrodynamics, Chlorophyll-a) and environment sub-model(Bottom DO, TOC, Sediment AVS, Benthic Diversity). Suitability scores were ranked on a scale from 1(leased suitable) and 8(most suitable), and about 80.1% of the total potential area had the highest scores 5 and 6. These areas were shown to have the optimum condition for oyster culture in GeojeHansan Bay. This method to identify suitable sites for oyster culture may be used to develop bivalve culture management system for supporting a decision making.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.425-431
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• 2014

In this study, the volatile compounds in 24 commercial Korean black raspberry wines were isolated by headspace solid-phase microextraction and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 43 volatile components, including 15 esters, 12 terpenes, 7 alcohols, 4 acids, 3 ketones, and 2 aldehydes, were identified. Ethyl esters and alcohols such as ethyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, isoamyl alcohol, and phenethyl alcohol were the most represented groups among the quantified volatiles. In particular, various terpenes such as DL-limonene, linalool, alpha-terpineol, and myrtenol were identified. The differences in volatile components among the 24 black raspberry wines and possible sample grouping were examined by applying principal component analyses to the GC-MS data sets. The first and second principal components explained 43.9% of the total variation across the samples. No apparent sample groupings were observed according to manufacturing locations. The samples KU, BH, SR, and MO showed higher overall levels in the concentrations of terpenes originating from black raspberry, while other samples such as BB and HB, showed higher in ethyl ester and alcohol contents produced by yeast fermentation, respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2013

The world demand of renewable bioenergy as an alternative transportation fuel is greatly increasing. Research for bioethanol production is currently being progressed intensively throughout the world. Therefore it will be necessary to develop bioethanol production with cellulosic materials. In this study, the yield of ethanol production was evaluated by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using sodium hydroxide pretreated sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrids. Composition analysis of 11 varieties of sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrids was performed for selection of excellent variety to efficiently produce bioethanol. The content of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and ash of these varieties were 32~39%, 19~24%, 17~22% and 6~11%, respectively. Among these varieties, 4 varieties of sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrids were selected for the evaluation of ethanol yield and those were pretreated with 1 M NaOH solution at $150^{\circ}C$ for 30 min using high temperature explosion system. After pretreatment, samples were neutralized with tap water. It contained 52~57% of cellulose. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was carried out for 48 h at $33^{\circ}C$ by Saccharomyces cerevisiae CHY1011 using Green star variety. The yield of ethanol was 92.4% and the amount of ethanol production was estimated at 6206 L/ha.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.286-293
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• 2012

Korean government is enforcing 'Greenhouse gas target management' in order to achieve Greenhouse gas reduction target. To attain Greenhouse gas reduction target, companies in Korea must establish their GHG inventory system and analysis their GHG emissions characteristics for deduction of mitigation measures. LMDI(Log Mean Divisia Index) decomposition analysis is widely used to understand characteristics of GHG emission and energy consumption. In this paper, the characteristics of GHG emission from the line of railroad in Korea is respectively analyzed in terms of conversion effect, intensity effect, production effect and distance effect. Data of railroad GHG emission from 2000 to 2007 are used. As a result, total effect of railroad's GHG emission is $96,813tCO_2eq$. Production effect ($39,865tCO_2eq$) and distance effect ($327,923tCO_2eq$) affect increase of railroad GHG emissions while Conversion effect ($-158,161tCO_2eq$) and intensity effect ($-112,814tCO_2eq$) influence decrease of the emissions.