• Landscaping Tree
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• s.119
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• pp.12-14
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• 2010

제주도, 완도 등 남부해안 지역의 표고 200~700m의 해변과 산록에서 자생하는 상록활엽교목으로 수고 15m, 직경 1m에 달하는 나무로 잎 표면은 녹색의 윤채가 있고, 뒷면은 연한 연갈색의 인모가 있어 관상학적으로 우수한 수종이다. 따라서 남해안 지역에서 가로수 및 정원수로 많은 사랑을 받고 있으며, 병해충에도 비교적 강한 수종으로 알려져 있다. 또한 가을과 겨울에는 혼자만이 꿋꿋이 녹색을 띠면서 적막한 해안도로의 거리를 조금이나마 부드럽고 훈훈하며 따뜻한 느낌을 주는 나무이다. 이러한 구실잣밤나무가 다량으로 식재된 까닭에 최근 구실잣밤나무를 가해하는 해충들이 많이 발생하여 방제에 도움을 주고자 주요해충에 대한 생태 및 방제법을 간략하게 소개하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2007

To investigate the forest community structure ranging from 200 meters to 1,350 meters above sea level at Donnaeko valley of Mt. Hallasan in 2006, 15 plots were surveyed. According to the classification analysis by TWINSPAN, the plant communities were divided into five groups of Castanopsis sieboidii community, Castanopsis sieboldii - Quercus acuta community, mixed forest, Carpinus laxiflora - Quercus serrata community and deciduous broad-leaved forest. 22 species of evergreen broad-leaved trees such as Castanopsis sieboldii, Quercus acuta, Distylium racemosum, Camellia japonica, Eurya japonica, Ligustrum lucidum, Ilex crenata, Daphnipyllum macropodum, etc. were growing at Donnaeko valley. According to the attitudinal distribution of evergreen broad-leaved trees, Castanopsis sieboidii was a dominant species distributed from 200 meters to 350 meters above sea level, Castanopsis sieboldii and Quercus acuta were dominant species distributed from 400 meters to 600 meters above sea level and Quercus acuta was a dominant species distributed from 660 meters to 700 meters above sea level. Ilex crenata, Daphniphyllum macropodum, Elaeagnus glabra were distributed up to 1,350 meters above sea level in Donnaeko.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.439-446
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• 2014

This study describes a preliminary evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of Castanopsis cuspidata extracts. C. cuspidata was extracted using 80% ethanol and then fractionated sequentially with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, and butanol. To screen for anti-inflammatory agents effectively, we first examined the inhibitory effect of the C. cuspidata extracts on the production of pro-inflammatory factors and cytokines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. In addition, we examined the inhibitory effect of C. cuspidata extracts on pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, iNOS, COX-2) in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The amounts of protein levels were determined by immunoblotting. Of the sequential solvent fractions of C. cuspidata, the n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethylacetate fractions inhibited the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6), production of NO, and the protein level of iNOS and COX-2. These results suggest that C. cuspidata may have significant effects on inflammatory factors and may be provided as a possible anti-inflammatory therapeutic plant.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.235-248
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively analyze and investigate changes in the structural characteristics of the warm-temperate evergreen broad-leaved forest community in Mt. Cheomchalsan on Jindo Island. The Mt. Cheomchalsan has high conservation value because the representative warm temperate species such as Quercus acuta and Castanopsis sieboldii are distributed there. The community classification with TWINSPAN and DCA identified 4 communities: C. sieboldii community (I), C. sieboldii-Q. Salicina community (II), Q. acuta-C.sieboldii community (III), and deciduous broad-leaved trees-evergreen broad-leaved trees community (IV). According to the results of the mean importance percentage (MIP) analysis, C. sieboldii, Q. salicina, and Q. acuta were dominant species in the canopy layer, Camellia japonica, Ligustrum japonicum, and Cinnamomum yabunikkei were dominant in the understory layer, and Trachelospermum asiaticum, C. japonica, and C. sieboldii were dominant in the shrub layer. The comparison of the results of the diameter of breast height (DBH) analysis with the past data showed that the ratio of large-sized trees in the C. sieboldii and Q. acuta, which dominated the canopy layer, increased. However, there was no difference in the distribution of C. japonica and L. japonicum in the understory layer. In the future, it is necessary to generate a precision inhabiting vegetation map around the Natural Reserve to understand the actual habitation of evergreen broad-leaved trees and rezone the protective districts of evergreen broad-leaved trees forest with the watershed concept to preserve the evergreen broad-leaved forests of Mt. Cheomchalsan in Jindo.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.231-235
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• 2005

Comparative water relations of Quercus acuta and Castanopsis cuspidata var, sieboldii were analyzed to assess their resistance to drought and low temperature stresses from early November to early December, As air temperature decreased both species showed an increased content of osmotically active solute concentration per unit of dry weight (NS/DW), leading to lower osmotic potential of both species at both full turgid state $(OP_{sat})$ and turgor loss point $(OP_{tlp})$ in December than November. No major difference in the ability to adjust osmotically was noticed between the two. This finding suggests that both species must respond adaptively under water and low temperature stresses to maintain turgor pressure in winter season. In addition to osmotic adjustment, a low bulk modulus of elasticity $(E_{max})$ shown in Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii must also play an important role in turgor maintenance during winter season being apt to happen water and low temperature stresses in plants.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.714-720
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• 2015

Since physical and mechanical properties of wood are affected by environmental factors such as soil and climate change, this study investigated relationships between wood quality factors and stand characteristics of Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii forest in the southern region of Korea, including Jeollanam-do Province and Je-ju island. The obtained results found very close relationships between physical and mechanical properties of wood and stand characteristics. The air-dried density and strength performance of woods showed a negative correlation with the diameter at breast height (DBH) while they were positively related to altitude and drainage of the forest site. And wood properties showed variations depending on the region. These results brought a conclusion that wood of Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii in the southern region could be useful forest resources for timber production.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.200-207
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• 2011

This study was designed to investigate the possible utilization of Castanopsis cuspidata as a source of antiseptic agents. The leaves of C. cuspidata, extracted by 80% ethanol, were sequentially fractionated with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, and n-butanol. In order to effectively screen for a natural preservative agent, we first investigated the antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical scavenging capacity, superoxide radical scavenging capacity, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of the C. cuspidata ethanol extracts and fraction. Using a screening system, we found that the ethylacetate fraction had the strongest antioxidant activity, which followed a dose-dependent manner. The antimicrobial activities were shown in the ethylacetate fraction of C. cuspidata. Among the five fractions, the ethylacetate fraction showed the highest antimicrobial activities against microorganisms tested, which were Bacillus sublitis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium. In addition, leaf extracts of C. cuspidata could be suitable for the development of food preservatives.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.27-42
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• 1994

Vegetational structure and successional sere were investigated for evergreen broad-leaved forest in Hongdo. Forty-nine plots were classified into six groups, which are Camellea japonica community, Machilus thunbergii community, Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii-Machilus thunbergii community, Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii community, Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboidii-Camellea japonica community and evergreen broad-leaved mixed community by the DCA ordiantion and TWINSPAN techniques. Successional sere of the forest vegetation in the surveyed area were proceeding from Pinus densiflora through Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieholdii to Neolitsea sericea, Dendropanax morbifera, Machilus japonica, Quercus acuta and Mahilus thunbergii in the canopy layer group and from Ligustrum japonicum, Ardisia japonica. Eurya japonica. Rhaphiolepsis umbellata through Trachelosperum asiaticum, Kadsura japonica. Litsia Japonica, Camellea japonica to Aucuba japonica, Euscaphis japonica, Ficus erecta in the understory and shrub layer group.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to survey vegetation characteristics of Jeopdo (island) for the construction of a database. We installed and analyzed 52 plots with 100㎡ quadrat to investigate the vegetation characteristics. The community classification based on TWINSPAN found seven categories of vegetation communities in the surveyed region: Pinus thunbergii-Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus serrata community, Carpinus turczaninowii-Quercus variabilis community, Carpinus turczaninowii-Quercus acutissima community, Quercus variabilis-Carpinus turczaninowii community, Castanopsis sieboldii community, and Actinodaphne lancifolia-Camellia japonica community. The vegetation in Jeopdo is largely composed of evergreen conifer trees community (communities I and II), Carpinus turczaninowii-deciduous broad-leaved trees such as Quercus spp. community (communities III, IV, and V), and evergreen broad-leaved trees community (communities VI and VII). The evergreen conifer tree (Quercus serrata) community is currently competing with Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii. The current state is expected to continue due to the lack of forces, such as Castanopsis sieboldii and Actinodaphne lancifolia, in the succession middle stage and climax stage. The current state of Carpinus turczaninowii-deciduous broad-leaved trees such as Quercus spp. community is expected to last for a long time due to slow vegetation development because of soil conditions. The evergreen broad-leaved trees community is transforming from the initial stage of Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii through the stage in Quercus serrata to Castanopsis sieboldii and Actinodaphne lancifolia. The overall ages of the specimens were similar, and the oldest tree was the 59-year old Castanopsis sieboldii. The correlation analysis of major species showed a high positive correlation between Pinus thunbergii and Eurya japonica, Pinus densiflora and Fraxinus sieboldiana, and Actinodaphne lancifolia and Camellia japonica and a high negative correlation between Pinus densiflora and Carpinus turczaninowii and Carpinus turczaninowii and Eurya japonica.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.336-346
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• 2007

This study was conducted to evaluate the vegetation structure of 34 plots for inspection(plot unit: $100m^2$)of evergreen broad-leaved forest in Dongbaekdongsan(Mt.), Jeju-do, Korea. In accordance with the results of TWINSPAN and mean importance percentage analysis, the target forest was aged $28{\sim}52$, and classified into seven community types in total: Ilex rotunda community, Castanopsis sieboldii community, Castanopsis sieboldii-Quercus glauca community, Quercus glauca-Castanopsis sieboldii community, Quercus glauca community, Quercus glauca-Camellia japonica community, and Quercus glauca-Styrax japonica community. According to the results of importance percentage analysis and DBH class distribution of major woody species, the vegetational aspects showed that the dominant species were Castanopsis sieboldii and Quercus glauca in the canopy layer and Camellia japonica in the subordinate layer. Ilex rotunda and Quercus glauca-Styrax japonica community were damaged vegetation in the canopy layer. According to the index of Shannon's diversity in the six communities including the dominant species - Quercus glauca and Castanopsis sieboldii, their species diversity degree was $0.8745{\sim}1.3018$ and that of Ilex rotunda community was the lowest 0.7619. Camellia japonica, Eurya japonica, Ilex rotunda, Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium, Ardisia crenata appeared in all the seven communities. In addition, Litsea coreana and Cinnamomum japonicum as well as Neolitsea serica presumed as climax species in the warm temperate climate also appeared and the constancy ratio of Cinnamomum japonicum was more than 80%. As a result, the target forest in Dongbaekdongsan(Mt.) was mainly compose of Castanopsis sieboldii and Quercus glauca in the canopy layer as a mixed vegetational pattern, and Cameliia japonica was dominant in the subordinate layer. Continuous monitoring was required, since Camellia japonica was strong in the subordinate layer in contrast to the weakness of Litsea coreana and Neolitsea serica reported as the species of climax stage in the forest with Evergreen Broad-leaved Vegetation at a viewpoint of successional direction.