• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.5-15
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• 2008

Purpose : Centering on users(patients) who are offered the patient transport service by the emergency medical service system in our country, the use and satisfaction are analyzed with the transport service in 119 Emergency Medical Service System and Private transport agent. Results : 1. As for personnel in ambulance cars, 119 emergency staff showed a higher boarding rate of the first-class emergency medical technicians than private transportation centers : 48.4% and 17.7%, respectively. 2. Private transportation centers showed higher user satisfaction with transportation service than 119 emergency staff, which was not statistically significant. 3. As for the case that needs to receive the transport service in the future, the ratio with the will to use 119 Emergency Medical Service System(70.9%) was indicated to be much higher than the ratio of the private transport agent(29.1%). Suggestions : First, Centers transporting first-aid patients should essentially secure a sufficient number of first-class emergency medical technicians as professional emergency medical staff to reinforce qualitative improvement in emergency medical service. Second, It is necessary to establish a systematic monitoring system and develop educational programs in order to enhance satisfaction with the use of 119 emergency staff. Third, the government or the local government needs to positively support and guide the private transport agent, which is in charge of the public medical service.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.127-134
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• 2003

An analysis was performed to evaluate the prehospital advanced emergency care in Emergency Medical Service system(EMS) through the review of the 119 transfort chart of 190 patients who visited to Jecheon Seoul hospital emergency center at Chungbuk Jecheon via 119 system during the period from October 2002 to September 2003. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Among 190 patients, male were 127(66.8%) and female were 63(33.2%) and nontraumatic patients were 81(42.6%) and traumatic patients were 109(57.4%). 2. The analysis of prehospital care by Emergency Medical Technician(EMT) revealed that Airway maintenance and keeping oral airway(37.7%), oxygen supply(75.9%), Tourniquett or MAST(18.9%), Immobilization of neck or spine(94.7%), Immobilization of extremities (51.4%), wound bandage and dressing(25.0%), BCLS(12.1%) and Application of AED(2 patients). 3. The analysis of prehospital care by EMT revealed prehospital care was limited to keep of intubation or LMA, medication and IV insertion, insertion of gastric tube and ACLS. 4. There was no case of the notification to medical institute or consultation to doctor.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.123-134
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the number of patients with and without medical history transported to the emergency department due to changes in daily temperature and season. Methods: Data on emergency activity sheet and daily weather were collected from March 2016 to February 2017 in the city of Gyeonggi-do. In total, 13,531 patients were transferred to the emergency department in 119 ambulance. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 21). Results: The daily average number of patients transferred was the highest in August and September, i.e., the summer season. The higher the daily highest and lowest temperatures, higher the daily average number of patients transferred. In contrast, patients with medical history of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and pulmonary disease had a higher incidence of transfers in the winter season and on days with lower temperature. Conclusion: The results indicate that as people become more active during the summer when temperatures are high, the chances of daily emergencies increases, whereas patients with medical history are more likely to experience emergencies when the temperatures were lower. Hence, 119 ambulances will have to be prepared in advance to deal with this trend.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2020

Purpose: The study aimed to collect the first aid activity log data of patients who were retransferred through paramedics and to analyze the data in the hospital to improve the plan. Methods: We analyzed 434 retransferred patients, out of the 18,197 patients who visited the emergency medical center in the C area in G metropolitan city, from January 2017 through December 2018. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS software. Results: The patients were retransferred for various reasons: 17.7% (77 cases) due to the absence of specialists, 15.0% (65 cases) required first aid, and 5.3% (23 cases) due to absence of medical department. In addition, the major medical department with the largest number of retransfer was the department of emergency medicine with 38.2% (166 cases). In the prehospital stage, 38.5% (167 cases) were classified as severe, but in the hospital stage, they were classified as mild. In addition, as a result of hospitalization and discharge, 60.4% (262 cases) were discharged. Conclusion: Most of the retransferred patients were non-emergency patients, and were discharged for mild conditions. The overcrowding in the emergency room of a tertiary hospital can be prevented by reducing the retransmission.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.111-119
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• 2005

Glucose is the most importantenergy source in the central nervous system. Because the central nervous system cannot synthesize or store glucose. low blood glucose even for a short period results in no functionally normal activity of the brain. In addition, continuous low blood glucosecan cause irreversible brain damage and brain death. Therefore, the current status of emergency care by first aid staffs during transfer of patients with hypoglycemia has been investigated in this study, 114 patients who have visited the hospital using 119 Emergency Medical Service from January 1, 2004 till December, 2004 and shown blood glucose of 2.8 mmol/L and less on arrival have been involved. In case of nurses, assistant nurses, first aid staffs receiving first aid training and second-class emergency medical technicians(EMTs), they provided basic life support (BLS). In case of first-class EMTs, they measured blood sugar and then they orally administered glucose to conscious patients or provided simple first aids and prompt transfer for unconscious patients. As a result of analysis, it is suggested that first aid retraining is required.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2021

Purpose: The study aimed to collect data from patients who were rejected by emergency requests for transfer to a tertiary hospital through 119 EMT and to analyze the data in the hospital to improve the plan. Methods: We analyzed 4,702 cases of emergency requests made by patients who were rejected by 119 emergency assistance out of the 22,568 patients who visited the emergency medical center in the C area of G metropolitan city from January 2018 through December 2020. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version XX (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). Results: The major medical department with the largest number of such cases was the department of emergency medicine, with 2,519 cases (53.6%). Simple bruises were the most common diagnosis, with 2,819 cases (61.2%). KTAS classification was the highest with 3,562 patients (75.8%) in grade 4. As for the results, 4,084 patients (86.9%) were discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: Most of the patients who were rejected by emergency requests were non-emergency patients and were discharged from the hospital. emergency requests must be rejected at public relations and sites. In addition, the law should be amended to specifically present the reasons for refusal of emergency requests.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.47-54
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present evidence for quality management based on analysis of patient transportation and response intervals among emergency medical squads. Methods: The chi-square test was used to determine whether mental status and patient assessment affected direct medical control and hospital destination. One way analysis of variance was used to compare response intervals depending on mental status and patient assessment using data drawn from 1172 prehospital care reports. Results: There was a statistically significant relationship between mental status and direct medical control (p<.001); there was a statistically significant relationship between patient assessment and hospital destination (p=.011). However, there was no statistically significant relationship between mental status and hospital destination. The interval from arrival at the patient's side to departure from the scene showed a statistically significant difference (p<.001, p<.001), however, it took the longest time (16.8 minutes) in unresponsive patients. It showed a statistically significant difference (p<.001) in the interval from arrival at patient's side to departure from the scene depending on patient assessment; however, it took the longest time (9.6 minutes) in emergency patients. Conclusion: There was call for direct medical control based on patient assessment; however, patient transportation and response intervals were not appropriate.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.177-187
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the causes of non-transport in 119 ambulance services and to describe the difference in response time according to the reason for non-transport. Methods: This study analyzed 42,415 non-transport cases out of 123,158 cases using prehospital care reports in a metropolitan city. The Kruskal-Wallis test and the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test were used to 6,857 cases for which time was recorded. Results: Non-transportation in 20${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ comprised 33.1% of all ambulance services. The reason for non-transport were other reasons (25.5%), cancellation (23.8%), and moving to other vehicles (21.7%). There were differences in ambulance service times according to the reasons for non-transport. The activation interval was the longest (2.68 minutes) in the absence of the patient, and the response interval was the shortest (4.96 minutes) among the cancelled case. The total interval was the shortest time (21.97 minutes) in the cancellation cases and the longest time among the death cases (32.23 minutes). Conclusion: It is important to suggest the direction of development of emergency services by identifying the reasons for non-transport by ambulance services and describing the response time according to the reason for non-transport.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.99-112
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• 2021

Purpose: The study aimed to analyze the current status of traffic accident victims who were transported by 119 ambulances within the administrative district of Chungnam province and provide essential data for accident prevention. Methods: The pre-hospital care records of patients who called the 119 emergency service in 2019 were obtained from the Chungnam Fire Department. Data pertaining to 13,663 traffic accident victims who were transported to hospitals were analyzed. Results: Patients in those aged ≥60 years accounted for 49.8% of the total cases. In patients aged ≥80 years(n=2,154), motor cycle accidents were highest as 28.3%. In addition, cultivator (n=135) and buggy car (n=79) accident victims were the highest in aged ≥80 years as 66.7% and 67.1%, respectively. Traffic accident victims-population ratio in Chungnam was 0.65%, wherein 2.03% included population aged ≥80 years. Conclusion: It was clear that accidents varied across administrative districts depending on the age group of population distribution. Thus, safety measures for preventing motorcycle, cultivator, and buggy car accidents are necessary for areas with many older people aged ≥80 years.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.71-91
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to provide baseline data for implementing advanced life-support for 119EMTs. This is done with an in-depth examination of the emergency care experiences of the 119EMTs on-site and during transportation. Methods: Interviews were conducted with twelve 119EMTs, and the data were analyzed using the phenomenological method. Results: The 34 topics had 19 sub-components and were analyzed according to seven categories: 'A work environment where you cannot focus only on emergency care on-site and during transportation', '119EMTs struggling with manpower shortage', 'Current status of education blocking the upward standardization of 119EMT', 'Implementation of professional emergency care was held back due to the limited legal scope of 119EMT', 'Medical oversight makes it difficult to implement emergency care due to low flexibility', '119EMTs who cannot choose hospital selection and find it difficult to receive help', 'An evaluation system not reflecting reality at all that only leaves high scores'. Conclusion: This study was undertaken to implement specialized emergency care for 119EMTs; not only the necessity of reviewing the expansion of the work scope of 119EMTs but also the necessity of effective 'Medical Oversight system' reorganization raised as well.