• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.15-47
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• 2021

Sex pheromone is used for chemical communication for mating in a species-specific manner in insects. Insect antennae possess sensory receptors specific to sex pheromone components and generate receptor potential to be perceived by the brain to evoke mating behavior. The sex pheromones have been used for monitoring specific species of insect pests to predict their subsequent occurrences based on a temperature-dependent growth model. Sex pheromones are also used for controlling pest insects using several different strategies such as mass capture, lure-and-kill, or mating disruption. This review explains the sensory physiology and insect pest management techniques related with sex pheromone.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.487-490
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• 2008

Field collected larvae inside the pumpkin fruit in Jinan, Chonbuk Province were kept in the laboratory at $24{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, RH $65{\pm}5%$, and 14L:10D until they pupated and eclosed. Adults were fed with dry-milk based diet. Mating behavior was observed when they were 40 days old in a field cage at dusk in July and October, 2008. Wing vibration in male took place under the light intensity of 200 lux-20 lux, however, most commonly under 30 lux. Mounting between male and female was observed under 150 lux-30 lux after the act of wing vibration, also most frequently under 30 lux. Copulation occurred under 150 lux-20 lux. Females approached face to face to males which had been engaged in wing vibration and the copulation was successful for up to 64%. Copulation never occurred when a female positioned in front or at side of the male that was not engaged in wing vibration.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2008

This study is mainly focused on the mating of 9 couples of Eagle Owl Bubo bubo habitating in Paju, Ganghwa Island, Icheon, Sihwa Lake, Chungju. For this study, from 2005 to 2007, regular filming and mornitoring for the breeding ecology and copulation behavior of 9 couples of Eagle Owl in the nest and near area had been done. Clutches ranged in size from one to four eggs but averaged 2.27 eggs(n=15), hatching success rate was 71 %(n=34) and fledgling success rate was 83%(n=23). Through the filming and mornitoring, it was found that Eagle Owl continued to copulate each other even after hatching and kept its copulation until the chicks left their nest($7\sim8$ weeks after hatching). This copulation behaviour without fertilization seems to be done for confirming, maintaining and strengthening of pair-bond by the necessity of both male and female, and to aim at stable breeding of their chicks.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.31-66
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• 1991

This paper deals with the reproductive ecology e.g., number of the pre-spawning moults, morphological characteristics of the pre-spawning moult the common moult, daily ration druing a molting cycle mating behavior, structures of spermatozoa and spermatophore, structure of vas deferens, mechanisms of the oviposition and brooding into the egg-chambers, a suitable time for the artificial mating and fertilization, time sequence of the oviposition and brooding into egg-chambers from the copulation, responses to temperature and chlorinity on the egg development and hatching, effect of temperatures on duration of egg development, physical mechanism of the egg hatching, to make an attempt for the artificial spawning and brooding to establish a suitable system of the artificial seedling-production for the aquaculture. 1. Females molted commonly $8{\~}10$ times at an interval of $17{\~}18$ days at $28^{\circ}C,\;3.26\~4.35\%_{\circ}$ while the prespawning moltings were $4{\~}5$ times at an interval of $13{\~}14$ days. The suitable state for artificial copulation was within 14 hours elapsed from the prespawning moltings (most suitable state was within 8 hours). Males discharged a gelatinous spermatophore and placed it on the females sternum during copulation. Oviposition was seen $6{\~}17$ hours after copulation. External fertilization was considered to take place at oviposition. Fertilized eggs held in egg-chambers forming between pleopods were about $5000{\~}6000$ in females those sizes about 6.5 cm in body length. 2. Eggs immediately after oviposition were elliptic shape, measuring $0.58{\times}0.48$ mm up to hatching. Their sizes increased with egg development and finally reached $0.85{\times}0.54$ mm up to hatching. The relationship between the long axis of the egg(Y in U) and days elapsed(X) was expressed as Y= 5.60194 + 0.007358X. The eggs performed superficial cleavage and their cleavage furrows became visible at the 4-daughter-nucleus stage. The eggs showed normal development up to hatching at water temperature range of $22{\~}30^{\circ}C$ (optimum temperature : $26{\~}28^{\circ}C$) and at chlorinity range of $0.00\~6.64\%_{\circ}$ (optimun chlorinity : $2.21{\%}_{\circ}$). The relationship between incubation period (Y in days) and water temperature(X in $^{\circ}C$) could be expressed as Y= 50.803-1.3555X. The eggs hatched $12{\~}13$ days after oviposition at $28.0{\~}28.6^{\circ}C$ 3. The pre-spawning moltings were appreciably different in the morphologic structure from those of common moltings. Breeding setae and dresses were formed on the thoracic regions, abdominal epimerae and the bases of the first to fourth pleopods in order to prepare and support oviposition, transfering and supporting eggs in egg-chambers up to hatching. These supplementary breeding organs were observed only at reproductive seasons.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2010

This study investigated the efficiency of mating disrupters for the control of Grapholita molesta(Busck) and Adoxophyes orana in pear orchards. G. molesta was shown 4 peak occurrence, which were different according to treatments. In conventional control, many moths were captured in mid and late April and peaks occurred in mid June, August, and early-mid September. In the non-control treatment, there were low populations in April. A. orana also appeared to 4 peak in 2007. Moths were rarely captured in mating disrupter treatment but many were captured in both the non-control and in conventional treatment. A. orana damage differed significantly between mating disrupter use and conventional control in 2006. Especially, the difference was significant between conventional control and mating disrupter to leaf damage in August, and there were similar results in the damage by G. molesta in the shoots and fruits.

• The Korea Swine Journal
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• v.17 no.7 s.191
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• pp.167-169
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• 1995

• The Korea Swine Journal
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• v.12 no.6 s.130
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• pp.112-114
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• 1990

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2007

In this study, two commercial mating disruptors were compared in terms of disruption of Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, male orientation, in which a new dispenser type, $SPLAT^{(R)}$, was compared with a current dispenser type, $Isomate^{(R)}$-M ROSSO. For this assessment, the last three year field monitoring data were analyzed for the efficacy of Isomate type dispenser. Then two commercial dispensers were compared in different localities with sub-locality replications during identical monitoring period from mid February to late August. There appeared to be four adult population peaks, in which the overwintering population size was positively correlated with the following reproductive population sizes. Isomate type dispenser effectively suppressed G. molesta populations during all growing seasons with some annual variation in its efficacy. Between two dispensers, SPLAT type was much effective. The difference in their efficacy may be caused by the difference in composition of major pheromone component.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.4 s.141
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• pp.341-344
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• 2005

Courtship behavior of the sweet potato leaf worm, Aedia leucomelas L. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was observed under laboratory condition. Behavior of antennal Probing and wing fanning in presence of opposite sex was observed in dark room. Both male and female exhibited similar behavior, fanning wing and raising antenna before male flew toward female. Some of moths began raising antenna 20 minutes into scotophase, and 20 minutes later both sexes started to exhibit spectacular behavior, fanning the wings intermittently in high frequency as if producing sound for attracting opposite sexes. They began mating about one day after emergence and mating activity was peaked from 4 to 6 days after emergence. Multiple mating was observed and the copulation lasted 207 minutes in average. There was an evidence that female emit sexual communication signal and male respond to it, and it seemed that the sound production is possibly a part of the courtship behavior of sweet potato leaf worm.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.7
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• pp.43-47
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• 1967

The author studied on the character of next generation which was laid from poly copulated female moth. The obtained results are as follows; 1. In the three generous two copulation, selectivity of fertilization and copulating order of silkworm showed like the two generous double copulation and their intensity of fertilization was characterized in the next generation. 2. In the next generation of silkworm, new form and character were not occurred through polygenerous poly copulation. 3. Copulating time influenced on the next generation and the time was related closely tn the copulating type (copulating order) in the three generous two copulation which was differed each copulating time.