• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.617-619
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• 2022

An embedded fiber-optic sensor was manufactured using 3D printing technology for distributed structural monitoring. Strain distribution of the embedded sensor was measured by the optical frequency domain reflectometry, and real-time data visualization for the embedded sensor model was demonstrated.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigated the distribution, ecological character and life cycle of Black Soldier Fly(BSF), Hermetia illucens, to determine effects of BSF on composing ability to the livestock feces. The distribution of BSF was defined in all parts of the country in Korea. Its main habitat was found to be areas near cattle sheds, feces sheds, living waste dump grounds, and food waste dump grounds. Excellent species of the bio-conversion using the livestock feces were selected out of two kinds of solider flies(Hermetia illucens and Ptecticus tenebrifer). And effects of BSF on composing ability to the livestock feces were pig feces 0.5 g, cattle feces 0.43 g and chicken feces 0.3 g per a larvae of BSF. In the examination of the ability of BSF to decompose food waste, volume of the livestock feces decreased by weight pig feces 77, cattle feces 83.62 and chicken feces 80%. Observed characteristics of BSF larvae and pupae stage were by developmental stage may be summarized as follows: size and length of larvae and pupae of BSF were higher than in pig feces and mixed sawdust treatments. In order to develop artificial indoor rearing techniques, The pupation and emergence rate were not visible the difference but important factor of the mating and egg-laying was a sun light. And it was visible the difference in mating ratio. Mating rate of H. illucens by seasonal change was the highest from May to July. Mating mostly occurred between 10 : 00 and 12 : 00 during which light intensity is high. As the egg-laying medium for artificial egg collection, calf feed and food waste were most effective. The ratio of egg-laying medium is waste food : sawdust(1 : 1) in volume. For egg-laying materials, flower foam and wood with holes were used; holes sized 3 ~ 5 mm in diameter, 7 ~ 10 mm in depth were most preferred for egg-laying.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.62-68
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• 2012

The conversion efficiency of solar cells depending on incident angle of light is important for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) applications. The quantum efficiency is the ratio of the number of charge carriers collected by the solar cell to the number of photons of a given energy shining on the solar cell. The analysis of angle dependence of quantum efficiencies give more information upon the variation of power output of a solar cell by the incident angle of light. The variations in power output of solar cells with increasing angle of incidence is different for the type of cell structures. In this study we present the results of the quantum efficiency measurement of single-crystalline silicon solar cells and a-Si:H thin-film solar cells with the angle of incidence of light. As a result, as the angle of incidence increases in single-crystalline silicon solar cells, quantum efficiency at all wavelength (300~1,100 nm) of light were reduced. But in case of a-Si:H thin-film solar cells, quantum efficiency was increased or maintained at the angle of incidence from 0 degree to about 40 degrees and dramatically decrease at more than 40 degrees in the range of visible light. This results of quantum efficiency with increasing incident angle were caused by haze and interference effects in thin-film structure. Thus, the structural optimization considering incident angle dependence of solar cells is expected to benefit BIPV.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.30 no.7 s.250
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• pp.682-691
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• 2006

This study was conducted to assess the effect of mixed fuel composition and mass fraction on spray inner structure in evaporating transient spray under the various ambient conditions. Spray structure and spatial distribution of liquid phase concentration are investigated using a thin laser sheet illumination technique on the multi-component mixed fuels. A pulsed Ar+ laser was used as a light source. The experiments were conducted in a constant volume vessel with optical access. Fuel was injected into the vessel with electronically controlled common rail injector. Used fuel contain $i-octane(C_8H_{18}),\;n-dodecane(C_{12}H_{26})$ and $n-hexadecane(C_{16}H_{34})$ that are selected as low-, middle- and high-boiling point fuel, respectively. Experimental conditions are 25Mpa, 42MPa, 72MPa and 112MPa in injection pressure, $5kg/m^3,\;15kg/m^3\;and\;20kg/m^3$ in ambient gas density, 400K, 500K, 600K and 700K in ambient gas temperature, 300K and 368K in fuel temperature, and different fuel mass fraction. Experimental results indicate that the more high-boiling point component, the longer the liquid phase it were closely related to fuel physical properties, but injection pressure had no effect on. And there was a high correlation between the liquid phase length and boiling temperature at 75% distillation point.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2009

In-situ pulse laser (Nd-YAG, 2nd harmonics 532 nm) annealing used in physical vapor deposition of $MgF_2$, $SiO_2$ and ZnS thin films was shown to be effective in improving their surface roughness properties. Total integrated scattering (TIS) measurements of $MgF_2$ and $SiO_2$ samples deposited on glass substrates revealed that the laser irradiation of films at an energy of approximately $140\;mJ/cm^2$ at 532 nm with a repetition frequency of 10 Hz and pulse duration of 5 ns during the deposition resulted in total scatterings that were minimum. But in case of the ZnS samples, measurements revealed minimum total scattering at a laser energy of approximately $62\;mJ/cm^2$. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has been used to evaluate the effect of pulse laser annealing on the surface roughness for thin film samples. The results were similar to the TIS measurements, indicating that surface roughness was decreased when the irradiated annealing pulse laser energy increased. But it also increased when the irradiated annealing pulse laser energy was over some limit that depended on the materials.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.479-482
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• 2007

InN nanograins were directly grown on $0.3^{\circ}$-miscut (toward M-plane) c-plane sapphire substrates by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) and their growth characteristics were investigated by utilizing x-ray scattering. Depending on the various growth parameters, the formation of InN was sensitively influenced. Six samples were grown by changing HCl flow rate, the substrate temperature and Ga/In source zone temperature. All the samples were grown on unintentionally $NH_3-pretreated$ sapphire substrates. By increasing the flow rate of HCl from 10 sccm to 20 sccm, the formation of GaN grains with different orientations was observed. On the other hand, when the substrate temperature was raised from $680^{\circ}C$ to $760^{\circ}C$, the increased substrate temperature dramatically suppressed the formation of InN. A similar behavior was observed for the samples grown with different source zone temperatures. By decreasing the source zone temperature from $460^{\circ}C$ to $420^{\circ}C$, a similar behavior was observed.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.14-19
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• 1984

종래에 많이 사용된 각양의 계측 방법을 일일이 설명하는 것은 본 해설의 목적이 아니기 때문에 개략적으로 분류하여 설명하면 다음과 같다. 1) 시간 평균유속은 주로 프로브(probe)를 경유하여 동압과 정압의 측정에 의하여 수행되어 왔다. 연소반응이 있으면 밀도의 변화가 있게 되는데 밀도는 후술하는 농도의 계측과 온도의 계측에 의하여 정해져 동압과 정압으로부터 유속으로 변환된다. 시간분해능이 높은 비접촉식(직접 프 로브를 측정부에 삽입하지 않는 방법) 유속측정이 가능한 방법으로는 레이저 도플러 유속계 (Laser Doppler Velocimetry, 이하 LDV로 표현)를 들 수 있다. LDV는 압력측정에 의한 유속 산출법에서와 같은 온도 및 농도 등의 부수적인 계측이 필요없이, 직접 유속을 검출할 수 있으며 또한 검정이 필요없는 절대유속 측정이 가능하며 현재 연소반응이 있는 흐름에 대한 대부분의 연구에 적용되고 있는 실정이다. 2) 시간평균 화학종 농도측정에 가장 많이 쓰이는 방법은, 연소가스를 채취하여 가스 크로마토 그라프(Gas Chromatograph)로 분석하는 것을 들 수 있다. 한편, 시간 분해능이 높은 화학종 농 도의 계측은 레이저를 사용하여 각 화학종의 발광, 산란 및 흡수성을 이용, 측정한다. 3) 온도측정은 대부분 열전대를 사용하고 있다. 그러나 이 방법은 직접 프로브를 삽입해야 하므로 사용한계의 범위가 지극히 좁으며, 연소반응이 일어나므로 프로브 자체의 촉매반응 및 복사 열전달에 의한 보정 등이 사용상 큰 문제로 제기된다. 그러나 최근 레이저 이용기술의 발달로 (2)항에서의 농도 계측과 같이 반응기체의 온도 및 성분의 동시측정이 가능한 방법도 점차 현 실화 되어가고 있다. 그 대표적인 예로 CARS법(Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy)을 들 수 있다. 이상으로부터 연소반응이 일어나는 흐름에서의 각종 계측에서는, 비접촉 측정의 가능성과 시간 공간 분해능의 특징으로 미루어 앞으로는 레이저를 이용한 계측 방법이 그 주류를 이룰 것으로 사료된다. 우선 본 해설은 기체의 온도 및 농도의 광학적 측정방법중 Raman산란광 검출법에 대하여 실제로 측정하는 입장에서 간단히 소개한다.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.137-155
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• 1999

The o/w emulsions were prepared by lysolecithin as a biosurfactantsto to emulsify oils with squalane(SQ), liquid paraffin(LP), octylpalmitate(OP), octylstearate(OS), alkyl benzoate(AB), isostearyl benzoate(ISB). The droplets size and shape of o/w emulsions were investigated by laser light scattering, With dynamic light scattering hydrodynamic radius(Rh) of emulsion droplets was varied from 150m to 250m and critical concentration of oil In which the hydrodynamic radius(Rh) of emulsion droplets decreased and increased was found in the point of 0.5wt% oil concentration, and it was found increasing the polarity of oil deccreased the droplets, the droplets size of SQ(polar oil) were lower than SQ(nonpolar oil) With static light scattering radius of gyration(R$_{g}$) of emulusion droplets was to be calculated. From measurements of the ratio of R$_{g}$R$_{h}$ it was found that the shape of droplet of ISB, AB(polar oils) were sphere, for OP, OS(apolar oil) were oblate, for LP, SQ(nonpolar oil) were rod. The viscosity of emulsion in the form of rod was higher than that of emulsion in the form of sphere.e.e.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

GOCi (Geostationary Ocean Color Imager) is one of the COMS payloads that KARI is currently developing and scheduled to be in operation from around 2008. Its primary objective is to monitor the Korean coastal water environmental condition. We report the current progress in development of the integrated optical model as one of the key analysis tools for the GOCI in-orbit performance verification. The model includes the Sun as the emitting light source. The curved Earth surface section of 2500 km x 2500 km includingthe Korean peninsular os defined as a Lambertian scattering surface consisted of land and sea surface. From its geostationary orbit, the GOCI optical system observes the reflected light from the surfaces with varying reflectance representing the changes in its environmental conditions. The optical ray tracing technique was used to demonstrate the GOCI in-orbit performances such as red tide detection. The computational concept, simulation results and its implications to the on-going development of GOCI are presented.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.181-186
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• 2001

During the growth of fruit vegetables such as pepper, cucumber and tomato, there are light deficiency under the plant canopy. This study was conducted to clarify the effect of light diffusion film on the stem growth, canopy, flowering and fruiting of green pepper in greenhouse. The transmittance of total solar radiation into greenhouse under woven and double films were 90% and 75% of polyethylene film. And the transmittance of photosynthetically active radiation into greenhouse under woven and double films were 96% and 81% of polyethylene film. However, the light diffusions under woven, double and polyethylene films were 46%, 31% and 9%, respectively. The plant height under polyethylene film covered greenhouse was 96.9% cm, taller than those under woven and double films by 6.5, 13.9 cm. And the third node length under woven film covered greenhouse was 8.6 cm, shorter than those under double and polyethylene films by 2.5, 5.7 cm. Also the first branch angle under woven film covered greenhouse was 61.0$^{\circ}$, larger than those under double and polyethylene films by 2.3, 10.3$^{\circ}$. But there was no clear difference in the node numbers among the covering materials. The rate of curved and sterile fruit under woven film covered greenhouse was smaller than those under double and polyethylene films by 4.6, 5.5% and 1.2, 3.6%. But the contents of vitamin C showed no difference among the covering materials and plant densities.