• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.409-414
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• 1978

The total amount of lipid content in the mullet roe is 20.5%, and iodine value and unsaponifiable matters content are 118 and 38.7%, respectively. The lipid composition of the muscle, roe and liver of the mullet, Mugil cephalus, shows differences. Triglyceride, wax esters, and free fatty acids are mainly contained in the lipids of the muscle, roe and liver, respectively. The mullet roe lipids are mainly composed of 59.1% of wax esters with a trace of sterol esters, 26.9% of polar lipids with pigments, 9.0% of triglyceride plus a trace of free fatty alcohols and fatty acids, and 3.0% of sterol contaminated with a trace of fatty alcohols. The major fatty acids of wax esters are C16 : 0, 47.5%, C18 : 1, 23.0%, C16 : 3, 6.5%, C20 : 5, 4.0%, those of triglyceride are C16 : 1, 25.1%, C18: 1, 16.7%, C16 : 0, 16.3%, C22 : 1, 7.9%, C18 : 0, 5.5%, C22 : 6, 4.4%, and those of polar lipids are C16 : 0, 35.0%, C18 : 1, 24.7%, C16 : 1, 6.1%, C20 : 5, 5.3%, C22 : 6, 4.2%. The major alcohols of wax esters are 51.0% of cetyl alcohol, 18.2% of palmitoleyl alcohol, and 10.7% of oleyl alcohol, and considerable amounts of odd-numbered alcohols such as C15 : 0, C15 : 1, C17 : 0, C17 : 1 and C19 : 1 are also found.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.609-616
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• 2017

National Geographic Information Institute has established a plan that preoccupies UCPs (Unified Control Points) at 2~3km intervals in urban areas by considering the distance between existing UCPs by satellite images and aerial photographs in 2015. In this study, we discussed the method of selecting the locations of optimal UCPs by simulating GPS reception environment in candidate sites for UCPs using GIS. For this purpose, we selected new candidate sites for installing UCPs using satellite images and aerial photographs, and analyzed the GPS reception environment by calculating the visibility distance from buildings around UCPs using GIS skyline analysis. The number of and the arrangement of visible satellites that are capable of GPS satellite reception from the viewpoint of sky view were showed by GIS skyline analysis. Quality evaluation results of GPS observation data were compared with average PDOP calculated from hourly PDOP and TEQC in two points of Sungkyunkwan University during 8 hours. As a result of GPS reception environment using GIS, if the PDOP increases, the data acquisition rate is lowed, and the multipath error and the cycle slip are increased. Thus, this study verified that the quality of GPS observation data can be secured by constructing three-dimensional spatial information and simulating PDOP when preoccupying multiple UCPs using GIS.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2008

Purpose: Donor site seroma is the most common complication of extended latissimus dorsi flap for breast reconstruction. One of preventive treatments is to use the fibrin sealant in donor site before closure. Experimentally, it has been used successfully in the prevention of latissimus donor site seroma, but its clinical efficacy and results were very controversial. Thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy and to determine the optimal dose of fibrin sealant. Methods: A retrospective study was done of patients operated under same surgical conditions by one operator with variable doses of fibrin sealant. The study group consisted of 60 consecutive patients who underwent breast reconstruction with extended latissimus flap reconstructions from January 2005 to December 2006. Patients were divided into 4 group by applied fibrin sealant amount(group 1=0 mL, group 2=1 mL, group 3=2 mL, group 4=4 mL). Retrospective data were obtained from total postoperative drainage amount, time from surgery to drain removal, and incidence and quantity of seroma formation in matched patients group. Results: Total drainage amount decreased relative to the amount of fibrin sealant. The seroma formation rate of 30% in the study group 4 was significantly less than group 1 rate of 71%(p<0.05). It was an improvement over the rates of as much as 79% described previously in the literature. Also, time from surgery to drain removal was shortened significantly in group 4 patients(p<0.05). Conclusion: The use of fibrin sealant in the extended latissimus dorsi flap donor site appears effective in preventing seroma. However, important factors to obtain lower seroma formation rates are proper techniques and proper amounts such as the authors suggested amount: $0.01mL/cm^2$ with spray type fibrin sealant.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.428-432
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• 1999

Background: It has been shown that low-grade electrical stimulus can transform fatigue resistant muscles which then can be used to protect the heart. The bulky and cumbersome power sources of the artificial heart or implantable ventricular assist devices are still in need of solution; however, on the other hand, the implantable ventricular assist devices using the resistant muscles as the power source have the advantages of using its own muscle contractions. The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of a clinical application of the skeletal muscle ventricle. Material and Method: Latissimus dorsi muscles (LDM) of 8 canines were used for skeletal muscle ventricle. A latex chamber was wrapped one and a half times with LDM. The chamber was attached to a pressure transducer via Tygon tube. An electrode stimulator was placed around the thoracodorsal nerve and LDM was stimulated in cyclic bursts of 0.31 sec on time and 6.0 sec off time using 3.0 volt Itrel stimulator. The preload volume was added to the system in 25cc increments. Ejection volumes, pressures, and peak power outputs were measured. Result: Ejection volume was 76.3cc with 0cc of preload. Ejection volumes were less than 70ml with increments of preload over 75cc Pressures were more than 107 mmHg when the preloads were less than 75cc and less than 100 mmHg when the preloads were more than 100cc. Peak power output of 16.6 W/kg was observed at 50cc preload. Conclusion: Depending on the changes of preload, the volumes ejected from skeletal muscle ventricle and pressures from the skeletal muscle contraction surpassed those of the normal heart. These data suggest that there are clinical applications for skeletal muscle ventricular assist system.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.7-17
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• 2007

There has been an increase in rigid gas permeable contact lens prescription by the optometrists in Korea since 1995. Therefore, the aim of our study was to find out which equipment is needed for adequate RGP contact lens prescription and the level of the clinical knowledge that they have and the level of education for the patient, to seize about the extended lens education programmes for the Korean optometrist. Also, we tried to figure out the problem that they had in the RGP contact lens prescription, to develope the educational programs for students and to improve legal uncertainties, through this research. The result came out with the following through questionnaires of 400 male and female opticians who is in clinical field. The distributions of respondents are 270 male (67.5%), 130 female (32.5%), and 356 optometry major (89%). We found out the optometry-majored people had faster clinical lens prescriptions (p=0.000), 72.5% of opticians prescribe the RGP-Lenses, and 27.5% do not because of laking in experience (P=0.000). They responded that they need slit-lamp, button lamp, fluorescein dry paper, and etc,for prescription or fitting test. In regular-check-up (Follow-up), the result came out very low by 83% of respondents who are not getting it regularly. And 83.5% (334 people) of them wanted to have those Extended Educational Programs and also the Clinical Education Programs.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2005

To obtain regeneration system of onion, we analyzed the effects of 2,4-D and BA concentration on the embryogenic callus induction from mature embryos. The highest embryogenic callus induction ratio was shown on MS medium (Murashie and Skoog 1962) containing $2.5\;\cal{mg/L}\;or\;5\;\cal{mg/L}$ picloram after mature embryos were placed on medium. When induced callus were cultured on half strength of MS medium containing $1\;\cal{mg/L}$ Kinetin, the highest shoot formation ratio was observed on MS medium containing $1\;{mg/L}$ 2,4-D and $1\;{mg/L}$ BA. Embryogenic callus were cultured in MS liquid medium containing $1\;\ccal{mg/L}$ of 2,4-D and $1\;\cal{mg/L}$ BA. The suspension cultured cell clumps could be mass propagated. Embryogenic callus were friable, but non-embryogenic callus included a lot of moisture, hence the identification between embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus as easily achieved. When embryogenic callus as cultured on half strength of MS medium containing $1\;\cal{mg/L}$ Kinetin, shoots were induced. The whole plantlet was obtained on rooting medium containing $0.5\;\cal{mg/}$ of NAA.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 2004

Callus of Rhodiola sachalinensis A. Bor were induced from leaf explant on l/2MS solid supplemented with combination of auxin (2.4-D, NAA: 0.1∼2mg/L) and cytokinin (BA: 0.1∼0.2mg/L). The effects of various medium, culture conditions and phytohormones on the growth of callus were investigated. MS, WPM, B$_{5}$ medium and diluted or concentrated media (1/2X, 2X, 3X) were used to investigate the growth of callus on each media. Among these, the highest growth was observed when cultured in in 2B$_{5}$ medium containing 0.5mg/L NAA and 1mg/L BA, 3％ sucrose and 49.6 mM KNO$_3$ as nitrogen source, and 2.16mM NaH$_2$PO$_4$ as phoshate source at $25^{\circ}C$ in the dark. The calli cultured with 5％ sucrose produced high salidroside content (0.41％ on the basis of dry wt) than normal root (0.17％).

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.227-234
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• 2011

The purpose of present study was to examine brain functions associated with intention to conceal information. Kubo & Nittono(2009) and Verschuere et al.(2009) studied the intention to conceal information using P300 amplitude. On the basis of these two studies, present study attempted to identify brain area while participants were performing concealed information test. 19 healthy college students participated in fMRI-based concealed information test. Participants' name were used as concealed information. The test was performed in two conditions. In the intention condition, participants were instructed to try leaving their names undetected by suppressing their brain response to it. In the no intention condition, participants performed the test without intention to conceal. The fMRI results showed that the right anterior cingulated cortex (Rt. ACC), and left orbito-frontal cortex (Lt. OFC) activations were greater in the deceptive condition than the truth condition. These finding confirmed that ACC is area a deception-specific process as shown in the previous fMRI study. The OFC activation was also observed in the deceptive condition. The OFC is an area known as associated with emotional response such as anxiety, fear, and guilty. The anxiety induced while participants were intended to conceal information might be related to the OFC activation.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.557-564
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• 2009

For scoring polygraph charts, the Prosecutors' Office of the Republic of Korea uses a consistency criterion in which an elevated signal on one physiological channel is scored as a deceptive response only if the signal is also elevated on other channels. In the current study, the effects of this scoring criterion on reliability and accuracy (validity) of polygraph scores were assessed. Polygraph tests on 26 suspects were evaluated twice by the same examiners. The examiners used the consistency criterion in the first evaluation. In the second evaluation, the examiners were prevented from using the criterion; the signals from each physiological channel were separated and randomly arranged before they were rescored by the same examiner. Reliability was assessed by the variation among the scores for each suspect. Accuracy was assessed by establishing a standard, based on a Latent Class Analysis model, using the results of polygraph tests on each of 182 additional suspects. Reliability and accuracy were both improved by the use of the consistency criterion which therefore was recommended.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.603-611
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• 2020

A porous material which can contain liquid perfume was manufactured by adding 1~4 wt% of polysiloxane into a composite containing 20 ㎛ Ag powder and 30 wt% of 53 ㎛ salt, sintering for 60 min at 750℃, and melting salt selectively. The changes in pore, hardness, and microstructure were confirmed according to the polysiloxane content both before and after sintering. The manufactured silver liquid container was formed with open pores both before and after sintering, and the container shrunk by 2~7 % in both perpendicular and parallel directions after sintering. Vickers hardness was increased after sintering and was doubled when 2 wt% of polysiloxane was added. In case of the microstructure, the surface condition of the silver liquid container became darker according to the polysiloxane content, and the pore size was decreased from 50 ㎛ to under 10 ㎛. The composition distribution result revealed an even distribution when 2 wt% of polysiloxane was added but uneven distribution when over 3 wt% of polysiloxane was added due to decreased hardness by cluster. Therefore, the addition of an appropriate amount of 2 wt% polysiloxane reinforced the porous silver with open pores to offer application for jewelry usage.