• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.36 no.3 s.116
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• pp.198-206
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• 2006

With the introduction of the xenon plasma arc curing light and the LED curing light as orthodontic curing lights, the polymerizing time of orthodontic composites has clearly decreased. In contrast to various research cases regarding the polymerization time and bond strength of the xenon plasma arc curing light, not enough research exists on the LED curing light, including the appropriate polymerization time. The objective of this research was to compare the bond strength of the plasma curing light and the LED curing light in regards to the polymerization time. The polymerization time needed to achieve an appropriate adhesion strength of the bracket has also been studied. After applying orthodontic brackets using composite resin onto 120 human premolars, the plasma arc curing light and the LED curing light were used for polymerization for 4, 6, and 8 seconds accordingly. This research proved that the LED curing light provided appropriate bond strength for mounting orthodontic brackets even with short seconds of polymerization. The expensive cost and large size of the device limits the use of the plasma arc curing light, whereas the low cost and easy handling of the LED curing light may lead to greater use in orthodontics.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.02a
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• pp.162-163
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• 2003

광 집적회로를 설계하는데 있어서 Y-형 분배기는 광에너지를 분배 혹은 결합시키는 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 이 소자는 분기 부분에서의 큰 손실과 공정상에서의 두 분기사이를 식각하는 것은 쉽지 않다는 단점을 갖고 있다. Y-형 분배기와 더불어 광신호의 분리와 결합에 있어서 널리 사용되는 MMI 분배기 소자는효율적인 분배 기능을 유도하기 위해서 MMI 내에 모드수가 많아져야 하는데, 이런 방식의 모드 수의 증가를 유도하기에는 MMI-길이와 폭에 제한을 받게 된다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.02a
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• pp.166-167
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• 2003

실리콘 기판 위에 제작되는 실리카 물질은 낮은 가격, 파이버와의 높은 결합 효율 그리고 고집적화의 장점으로 PLC(Planar Light Circuit)에 사용되고 있다. PLC 광소자 중에서 열 광학 스위치(Thermo-optic switch)는, NⅹN 매트릭스 스위치와 Add／drop multiplexer 등 비교적 낮은 속도를 갖는 광 신호 처리를 위해 중요한 소자이다. 기존의 열 광학 스위치의 경우, 방향성 결합기를 사용한 Mach-Zehnder 구조로써, 위상 제어단에서 두 도파로 간의 광 전력 교환을 막기 위해 방향성 결합기의 양쪽 끝단에에 굽은 도파로를 이용한다. (중략)

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.35 no.6 s.113
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• pp.443-450
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• 2005

This study was performed to compare the shear bond strength of orthodontic adhesive to amalgam according to different light sources (halogen-based light and light emitting diode (LED)) and amalgam surface treatments. Ninety extracted human premolars were randomly divided into 6 groups (4 experimental and 2 control groups) of 15 by light sources and surface treatments. Orthodontic brackets were bonded and shear bond strength was measured with an Instron universal testing machine. The findings were as follows: The bond strength of adhesive to amalgam surface was 3-5.5 MPa which was lower than that of acid-etched enamel (19 MPa) control. In the sandblasted amalgam surface, the shear bond strength of the halogen light group was higher than that of the LED group (p < 0.05) but. in the non-treated amalgam surface. there was no significant difference in the shear bond strength according to the light sources (p> 0.05). Within the same light source. sandblasting had no significant effect on the shear bond strength of the adhesive bonded to amalgam surface (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in shear bond strength according to the light sources in acid-etched enamel control groups. This results suggest that there can be a limit in using light curing adhesives when brackets are bonded to an amalgam surface. Additional clinical studies are necessary before routine use of halogen light and LED light curing units can be recommended in bonding brackets to an amalgam surface.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.187-192
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• 2019

In this paper a pump combiner, a key component of a high-power fiber laser, was fabricated, and its output characteristics measured using a high-power performance measuring instrument. The $(18+1){\times}1$ pump combiner consists of an optical-fiber bundle of one signal fiber and 18 pump fibers, an output optical fiber, and housing. The signal and output fibers were fabricated using polarization-maintaining optical fiber. By measuring the loss of signal light along the tapering length of the optical-fiber bundle, the tapering length was optimized to 18 mm. Signal-light insertion loss, pump-light transmittance, and polarization extinction ratio of the fabricated $(18+1){\times}1$ pump combiner were measured as 6.5%, 98.07%, and 18.0 dB respectively. The temperature distribution of the pump combiner, at a high power of 2 kW using 18 pump laser diodes, was measured and analyzed using a thermal-imaging camera.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.846-851
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• 2010

A liquid-air interface sensing system using the flat end surfaces of a fused-silica fiber coupler has been demonstrated. The principle is based on the additional optical loss caused by changing the refractive index of the external material at the boundary of the end face made of a fiber. The immersion characteristics of this system with respect to the different splitting ratios of the couplers were investigated to determine the sensitivity when it responses to water and air. These experimental data are very useful for selecting the coupling ratio of a coupler in order to develop a multiple sensing probe system. In the proposed sensor structure, it can be emphasize that the sensing probe can be appropriately arrayed on the basis of splitting ratio of the coupler. As a result, it is expected that the proposed liquid-air interface sensors can also be applied to monitor flooding that occurs in multiple areas at the same time.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.678-688
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• 1990

In this paper, pSDF-based referance image is realized. Using BJTC(binary joint transform correlator) as the spatial plane correlator, optical pattern recognition for intraclass indentification is performed. Computer simulation shows that the correlation performance of BJTC is superior to that of JTC. Experimental results using BJTC reveal that correlation peak intensity is constant within the error range from 4.1% to 9.6% in intraclass indentification.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.26-35
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• 2007

We characterized the properties of the fabricated filter with the total internal reflection mirror (TIR) in the rectangular ring resonator and very small multimode interference (MMI) couplers on an InP material platform for photonic integrated circuits. Coupling power in and out of a resonator is increased by using an optimum MMI length of 110 ${\mu}m$ and a width of 9 ${\mu}m$, respectively. The semiconductor optical amplifier with the length of 120 ${\mu}m$ is integrated in the resonator to compensate the loss of the internal waveguide and the TIR mirror. A free spectral range of approximately 2 nm (244 GHz) is observed with an on-off ratio of 13 dB. The curve fitting also yields the power coupled per pass as 42%. To reach critical coupling at this coupling level would require a round trip loss of about 2.4 dB.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.135-140
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• 2017

In this paper, we report measured results for an all-fiber $7{\times}1$ pump combiner based on an optical fiber chip for high-power fiber lasers. An optical-fiber chip was fabricated by etching a fiber, having core and cladding diameters of 20 and $400{\mu}m$, in the longitudinal direction. To both ends of the etched chip, we spliced input and output fibers. First, we tied together seven optical fibers, having core and cladding diameters of 105 and $125{\mu}m$ respectively, in a cylindrical bundle and spliced them to the $375-{\mu}m$ end of the optical-fiber chip. Then, we attached an output DCF with core and cladding diameters of 25 and $250{\mu}m$ to the $250-{\mu}m$ end of the optical-fiber chip. Finally, the fabricated $7{\times}1$ pump combiner showed an average optical coupling efficiency of about 90.2% per port. This chip-based pump combiner may replace conventional pump combiners by massive production of fiber chips.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.08a
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• pp.30-31
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• 2000

파장 분할 다중 방식을 사용하는 모든 전광 통신망은 파장 재사용과 routing를 위해 반드시 파장 변환기를 필요로 한다. 본 논문에서는 반도체 광 증폭기와 반도체 레이저를 수평 결합시킨 새로운 구조를 제안함으로써 기존의 파장 변환기가 가졌던 문제점들을[1][2][3] 해결하고자 한다. 두개의 모드가 약하게 결합되었을 때는 그 파의 크기나 전파상수는 서로 영향을 미치게 된다. 예를 들면 수평결합 파장가변 LD[4]나 방향성 결합 파장 변환기[5]는 이 특성을 이용한 소자이다. 본 논문에서 제안된 소자도 이러한 결합모드 특성을 이용하였다. (중략)