• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 1997

The investigation was cycle of aluminum of surface soil elements in dynamic grassland ecosystems at a steady state in a Zoysia japonica and a Miscanthus sinensis ecosystem in Mt. Kwanak, Korea. Average amounts of total storage for aluminum in Z japonica and M. sinensis grasslands were 8,426mg /$m^2$ and 7,849mg /$m^2$ respectively. Decay constants estimated on the base of experimental and mathematical model, were 0.04 in Z japonica grassland, and 0.08 in M. sinensis grassland. Half time to decay aluminum of litter soils were 17.33 years in Z japonica grass-land, and 8.66 years in Al. sinensis grassland. 95% decay times in Z japonica, and in M. sinensis grassland were 75.0 years and 35.0 years respectively. Needed times to lose almost all of elements in Z japonica and M. sinensis grassland were 125.0 years, and 62.50 years respectively. The metals were losed more rapidly in M. sinensis than in Z japonica grassland. The cycle of aluminum was investigated to be related with soil acidity. Key words: Cycle of aluminum, Zoysia japonica. Miscanthus sinensis, Mt. Kwanak, Decay constants, Soil acidity.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.65-72
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• 2017

Three decades after its establishment in 1946, Seoul National University was transferred to its current location in Gwan-ak District in accordance with the Seoul National University Integration Plan. In the 40 years since Seoul National University transferred to the Gwan-ak area, much quantitative and qualitative growth has taken place, and the university has grown into a world-class research institution. In this process, the campus was expanded externally and internally, and many changes have been made to the campus life bases and facilities which were planned at the beginning of the campus' construction. This study examines the expansion of the facilities at Seoul National University's Gwan-ak campus, as well as the expansion of the campus' boundaries. In addition, through quantitative analysis (Space Syntax), we predicted the location of campus life bases of the present multi-centralized campus and suggested a future developmental direction for the campus.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.73-83
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• 2017

Due to the changes in the contemporary society, small-scale traditional markets have declined and lost their functions as the center of neighborhood commercial and cultural affairs. While most traditional markets are deteriorating, there exist rare cases of neighborhood small-scale traditional markets that continuously maintain their vitality and popularity. This paper examines urban spatial characteristics of those markets. As for the cases, this paper inventoried eighteen such markets in Gwanak-gu, Seoul. The research methods include literature reviews, on-site investigation of total 18 such markets, and participant observations. The findings of this paper are as follows: There are distinctive differences in the urban-spatial characteristics of physical environmental factors between the revitalized markets and declining markets. In terms of neighborhood and commercial environment, the franchised super-markets are not necessarily in competition with small-scale traditional markets. The former often has symbiotic relationship the latter, if the small scale traditional markets are strategically located in between residential areas and subway stations, providing active pedestrian networks. There are many outdoor display stands in the revitalized markets, while the declining markets rarely have them. The market improvement projects such as transforming the open space into arcade space, hardly have effects on revitalization of the small-scale traditional markets.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 2020

Dormitories of Korean university are planned to pursue qualitative growth after a period of quantitative growth in the 1970s. However, since the 1990s, the physical plan for qualitative growth has not changed significantly and the effects of these changes on dormitory residents has not been verified. The purpose of this study is to identify the environmental factors influencing dormitory life adaptation and to provide a basis for qualitative growth of university dormitories to help dormitory residents adapt to the environment. The research was conducted in three stages. First, the elements of the residential environment of the dormitory complex, which is an independent variable, were derived. The dormitory life adaptation scale was developed to measure the dependent variable. Secondly, a questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain the environmental factors of current dormitory and previous residence and three elements of dormitory life adaptation; 'acceptance of change', 'familiarity', and 'anxiety'. Third, statistical analysis was conducted to determine whether each factor influenced dormitory life adaptation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.441-441
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• 2022

국내외적으로 정확한 수문기상 현상의 관측에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 이를 위하여 기존의 재래식 관측장비의 한계성을 극복하고자 첨단장비가 활발하게 도입되고 있다. 우리나라는 관악산 기상레이더를 시작으로 하천 및 도심지의 돌발홍수 정보를 제공하고자 강우레이더 신설을 진행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 하천유역조사 사업에서 티센다각형법을 이용하여 유역단위 면적평균강수량을 산정하는 경우 영동권역과 같이 지상관측소 밀집도 부족으로 인하여 발생하는 강수량의 공간적 편차를 정량적으로 검토하고자 전국 하천유역에 대하여 1.5km Constant Altitude PPI(CAPPI) 합성장의 레이더 강수량을 활용한 유역단위 면적평균강수량을 산정하고 지상 강수량과 통계적 적합도(goodness of fit)를 평가하였다. 지상 강수량을 활용한 유역단위 면적평균강수량과 레이더 강수량은 높은 상관성을 나타내었으나 관측기법의 특성으로 발생하는 정량적 편의(bias) 보정의 필요성을 확인하였다. 시공간적으로 고해상도의 레이더 강수정보를 활용하기 위하여 활용 목적에 적합한 레이더 강수량 보정기법의 개발이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 대용량 레이더 자료를 안정적으로 처리할 수 있는 플랫폼 및 레이더 강수량 품질관리 체계 구축을 통하여 수문조사 및 수문해석 지원이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.69-81
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• 2023

Objectives : The purpose of this survey is to investigate the current status of violence that occurred in Korean medicine clinics targeting medical staff. Methods : First, questionnaires were developed to investigate the actual situation of violence against medical personnel occurring within Korean medicine clinics. The questions consist of five items on the characteristics of the respondent, ten items on identifying the actual state of violence against Korean medical workers, two items on relevance to COVID-19, two items on related legal issues, and three items on policies. The survey was conducted online from 16 November 2021 to 30 November 2021. Results : Total 519 Korean medical doctors responded to the questionnaire, and 314 (60.50%) responded that they had experienced violence demage while working. While the female staffs experience significantly more violence (𝜒²=18.398, p <0.001) and sexual violence (𝜒²=74.855, p <0.001) than the males, the males tend to be more exposed to physical assault than the female (𝜒²=3.900, p = 0.048). Conclusion : Through this study, we identified the situation of violence against medical staffs in Korean medicine clinics, and concluded that it should be necessary to establish strategies for the prevention and management of violence in a social and institutional way.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2010

In this study, the effects of stand height growth on GIS-based viewshed analysis were investigated. DSM was created by combining stand height layers on DEM using map algebra functions. In developing the tree height layers, the digital forest-type maps, forest site maps and stand yield tables of Korea Forest Research Institute were used. The time horizon for viewshed analysis were 40 years. Two viewpoints in crossings of downtown for viewshed analyses were chosen using a projective mapping technique. The effects of tree height growth over time on visibility were measured in terms of the depth of blind areas and the area of visible regions. The results of viewshed analyses show that 17% of visible regions is reduced when we use DSM instead of DEM. As the tree height grows, the visibility gets worse and worse and the depth of blind area increases.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.361-368
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• 2013

As one way to describe the behavior of a vibrating string, analogies to a transmission line have been made based on the fact that they have oppositely travelling waves on each of them. In such analogies, a rigid end to the string has been represented as an open circuit, and the displacement of the string as the current on the transmission line. However it turns out that the rigid end corresponds to a short circuit, the displacement to the voltage by the theory of the transmission line, and it is confirmed by experiments with circuit simulations. Based on these discoveries, a transmission line based plucked string model comprising a transmission line, two piecewise linear current sources, and switches is proposed. The proposed model is validated by showing that the voltage at the arbitrarily chosen location, and the voltage calculated over an infinitesimal portion at the end of the transmission line are consistent with the displacement at the corresponding location and the force on the rigid end of the string from the well known difference form of a wave equation governing the behavior of the string with its fundamental frequency tuned to that for the proposed model, respectively. Moreover, the applicability of the proposed model to modeling string and wind instruments is presented.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.135-154
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• 2010

This study was to explore the cognition of mothers and directors about the quality of childcare centers and analyze the differences of cognition of two groups. The subjects were 166 mothers and 178 directors in Gwanak-gu, Seocho-gu, Dongjak-gu in Seoul and Suweon-city, Anyang-city in Gyeonggi-do. The instrument of this study was the questionnaire on the quality of childcare center developed by researcher. The collected data were analyzed using t-test in SPSS 12.0 program. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, mothers evaluated that process area was the most important area, followed by service and structure area. Second, directors evaluated that process area was the most important area, followed by structure and service area. Third, directors evaluated overall quality of childcare center higher than mothers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.122-129
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• 1997

Spills or leaks of hazardous organic. compounds from underground storage tanks (USTs) are common contaminant sources of soil and groundwater. It would aid in managing USTs to assess and rank the potential environmental hazard posed by the USTs. Therefore, a preliminary hazard ranking system of USTs is developed in this study. The system is combined with GIS and consists of five steps: 1) selection of significant factors, 2) determination of the hierarchy of the factors. 3) determination of the weights, 4) calculation of the potential hazard, and 5) hazard assessment. The system is applied to the gas stations in Kwanak-gu, Seoul. The results indicate that the gas stations can be categorized in three groups as highly hazardous, less highly hazardous, and weakly hazardous. Seven gas stations belong to the highly hazardous group. Through the sensitivity analysis, four stations appear to possess high hazard potentials regardless of weights assigned to the factors. It appears that a user can make flexible application of the hazard ranking system with the user's experience and particular purposes. However, the system still needs validations against field survey data.