• Land and Housing Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2024

This research explores the household and housing characteristics of young renters aged between 19 and 34 living independently in rental housing of non-Seoul Metropolitan Area (non-SMA) and to determine the factors of their housing affordability and residential environment qualities in two districts of non-SMA - metropolises and non-metropolises. Using the 2020 Korean Housing Survey (KHS), this study identified 1,191 unmarried young renters, and most were single adults in mid-twenties who were salaried workers with a bachelor's degree or higher. Also, many lived in single-room occupancy of non-APT housing for less than 2 years and rarely relied on social services. The findings showed that the distinction of local housing market between metropolises and non-metropolises forced the former to spend more housing expense (tenancy deposit and rental fees) than the latter. With regard to housing affordability indices (Schwabe index, housing expense ratio and rent to income ratio), most were housing cost-burdened and nearly one quarter were severely rent-burdened. The regression analysis indicated that housing affordability in both districts was positively affected by income increase and social services, and housing satisfaction in non-metropolises was added to its determinants. Further, residential environment qualities were largely divided into two groups of livelihood and urban infrastructure, and the two factors influenced residential assessment in both districts. Since young renters interdependently living had suffered with housing affordability, both income growth and housing assistance are critically required to enable them not just to reduce the burden but to ensure livability.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.193-201
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• 2010

Early childhood caries (ECC) is a comprehensive terminology that includes nursing bottle caries and rampant dental caries occurred in infants and children. In previous studies, ECC was thought to affect body growth of children negatively. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ECC on body growth of children in respect of their chronologic age and degree of dental caries. Height and body weight were used as means for physical growth measurements. Children, who visited the pediatric department of Yonsei University Dental Hospital, received oral and physical examinations, and they were divided into the control and ECC groups. Then, each group was subdivided according to their age and gender. Two-sample T test was used to compare the mean height and body weight of the control and ECC groups, and Likelihood Ratio Chi-square test was used to compare their growth percentile distribution. When the mean height and weight were compared, there was a common tendency observed even though statistical significance was not found in all cases. Before the age of 3-4, the mean height and weight tended to be greater in the ECC groups compared to the control groups, whereas after the age of 3-4, the mean height and weight of the ECC group tended to be less compared to the control group. In addition, in groups with age equal or greater than 3-4, which presented significant difference in height and body weight, the percentage of children showing less than 3 percentile growth was greater in the ECC group than the control group. These results imply the negative effects of the ECC on physical growth of the infants and children, and its effects on physical growth may present different characteristics according to chronologic age of the patients.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.129-138
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• 1976

The causes and problems underlying deaths in perinatal period are often similar and might be expected to yield to same type of preventive measures. This is one of the reasons for attempting to develop a reporting of perinatal mortality and its related matters. This study aims at figuring out the biologic risk factors onto the perinatal death. Considering stillbirth and early neonatal mortality separately, considerable associations between stillbirth and reproductive history of women, are observed, ana it is found that prematurity is the the far most important factor in the early neonatal mortality.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.113-156
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• 2016

Media scholars take a lion stake in power circle. Not only do they take a part in media policies but seize prestigious positions like board members in Korea Communication Commission(KCC). Unfortunately, though, little has been known about who they are, what qualifications they have, and whether they meet public interests. This paper attempts to unveil the mechanism of those politicized intellectuals who are specialized on the media. Two categories divided into 'representative' and 'expertise' are employed for this purpose. On the one hand, the representative means the degree of committment into such public services as participation in conferences or non-profit organizations. On the other hand, the number of research articles, books and projects belong to the expertise. Evaluation levels consist of 'excellence, good and average' were allocated to those scholars who are(were) in 'Power Hole,' where decision makings come into being. Some interesting observations were made though this study. First of all, such criteria as representative and expertise vaguely suggested by the laws were hardly fit into those intellectuals, Rarely did they commit into public service let alone showing vigilance in academic activities. Secondly, both ideological loyalty and political activities in line with the government had much to do with taking such positions. Thirdly, not surprisingly, it showed that to graduate from Seoul National University and have Ph.D. degree from U.S.A. was one of the most essential factors. In final, most of them were very good at taking advantage of the press in way of boosting their publicity. To attend at policy making processes either in form of board members or advisers is inevitable for media experts. However, as shown in this study, such qualification of public service and academic eagerness shouldn't be underestimated. Academic integrity not selling intelligence solely for private interests needs to be protected as well. The authors hope this study to provide a valuable opportunity to establish a kind of ethical standards in participating into politics.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.163-178
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• 2015

This study purported to test the independent impacts of positive and negative attributes of disconfirmation on satisfaction and loyalty of university students. The study utilized the nation-wide survey data previously collected from 1,400 students distributed across 32 universities in Korea. Using SPSS 22.0, the study adopted a 'Simple Regression Analysis' in order to calculate the causal coefficients among positive and negative attributes of confirmation, satisfaction, and loyalty. The study results showed that while positive disconfirmation had a positive impact(${\beta}=.188$) on satisfaction, but not on loyalty, negative disconfirmation had negative impacts on satisfaction(${\beta}=-.326$) and loyalty(${\beta}=-.105$). Based on the study results this study suggests that universities should implement differential strategies to increase students' satisfaction and loyalty. The results also showed that negative disconfirmation had 2~7 times greater impacts on satisfaction and loyalty than the impacts positive confirmation had. Supporting the 'asymmetric relations' of positive and negative disconfirmation, the study suggests that universities should pay special attention to students' complaints.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.399-407
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• 2013

Some groundwater in Korea contains high U concentrations, especially where two-mica granite occurs in the Daejeon area. The elemental U in the two-mica granite is lower than that in normal granites elsewhere in the world, and U-minerals have yet to be reported in the two-mica granite in the Daejeon area. This study focuses on investigating the occurrence of U-minerals serving as the U source in groundwater. In situ gamma ray spectrometry and mineralogical analyses using EPMA were performed. U-count anomalies were identified in a granitic dyke and in hydrothermally altered granite. Uraniferous granitic dykes occur along the contact zone between the two-mica granite and mica-schist. The uraniferous parts within the two-mica granite are developed in the hydrothermally altered zone, which contains numerous quartz veinlets within a fracture zone. Hydrothermal alteration is dominated by potassic and prophylitic alteration. Uraninite is a common U-mineral in granitic dykes and hydrothermally altered granite. Coffinite and uranophane occur in the hydrothermally altered granite. All of these U-minerals are commonly accompanied by hydrothermal alteration minerals such as muscovite, chlorite, epidote, and calcite. It is concluded that granitic dyke and hydrothermally altered granite are the main source rocks of U in groundwater.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1583-1592
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• 2001

연구의 목적은 병행수입제도의 정책운용적인 관점에서 고가품 수입의 큰 비중을 차지 하고있는 럭셔리의류 브랜드를 중심으로 병행수입제도 도입 이후 현 시점에서 공정경쟁의 관점에서 병행수입의 문제점 추출과 대안을 도출함으로써 정책적 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 연구 방법은 문헌조사와 in-depth 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 제도적 측면에서는 병행수입제도 도입 당시 병행수입과 직접 관련된 지적재산법과 독점규제법 사이에는 전용사용권자의 보호와 규제라는 입법적 목적이 서로 다른 이유로 병행수입 도입 여부에 대한 논란이 있는 것으로 나타났다 , 상표권 침해 기준의 모호, 세관절차에 있어서의 문제점 등이 추출되었다. 럭셔리의류 산업적 측면에서 병행수입제도는 수입물품의 가격인하를 선도하여 소비자 이익 증진에 기 여 하는 반면에 명품의 유통경로가 다양해짐에 따라 위조상품의 처벌실적 이 증가하고, 이월상품과overrun된 제품의 저가수입 등의 문제점이 야기되고 있다. 이에 대한 정책적 해결방안으로는 공정거래법의 개정을 통한 병행수입 허용기준의 보완, 지적재산권법 에 병행수입허용 규정 명시 , 소비자 관점에서의 병행수입 제품에 대한 정확한 정보의 전달 등의 내용 보완이 이루어져 야 한다. 본 연구의 시사점은 정책당국에게 경쟁조건의 Global Standard라는 견지에서 제도적 운용의 개선이 시급히 이루어져야 하는 논거와 토대를 제공하였다. 또한 전용사용권자와 병행수입업체에는 정보의 비대칭성에 의존한 판매전략을 지양하고 소비자 보호와 적 정 한 상표권 보호의 합리적 조화가 궁극적으로 생존의 핵심전략임을 인식시켜 줄 수 있는 계기를 마련해 주었다.가치관은 이들의 의복관심과 의복착용 그리고 구매에 지대한 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있다.포제로 평가되었다. 모든 남자포제가 전통적, 순수한 이미지의 포제로, 철릭을 제외한 모든 포제가 단순한 이미지로 나타나 조선시대 남자 포제가 공통적으로 가지는 이미지는 단순하고 순수한 이미지를 가지고 있음을 알 수 있다. 3. 남자 포제의 시기별 복식이미지에서는 조선전기(철릭, 답호, 직령)의 포제는 관할성 요인이 높은 의례적인, 관할한, 특이한 이미지로 평가되었고 조선중기(도포, 창의)의 포제는 품위있는, 절제된, 풍성한 이미지로 평가되었으며, 조선후기(주의)의 포제는 활동적인, 단순한, 직선적인 이미지로 나타났다. 따라서 시대별 남자 포제의 이미지는 시대적 여건과 상황에 따라 변화되어 왔으며, 시대에 따라 추구하는 이미지가 달랐다는 것을 알 수 있이러한 논란의 해결방안으로 관세법 고시에 의한 우회적 도입을 결정한 정부의 방침에 대해 제도적 측면에서의 문제점으로 저작권 침해 기준의 결여다.lavonoid 함량의 판단지표로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.20-36
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• 2001

The debate about whether depressive disorders should be divided into categories or arrayed along a continuum has gone for decade, without resolution. In our review, there is more evidence consistent with the spectrum concept than there is with the idea that depressive disorders constitute discrete clusters marked by relatively discontinuous boundaries. First, "depression spectrum", "is there a common genetic factors in bipolar and unipolar affective disorder", "threshold model of depression" and "bipolar spectrum disorder" are reviewed. And, a new subtype of depression is so called SeCA depression that is a stressor-precipitated, cortisol-induced, serotonin-related, anxiety/aggression-driven depression. SeCA depression is discussed. But, there is with the idea that depressive disorders constitute discrete subtypes marked by relatively discontinuous boundaries. This subtypes of depressive disorder were reviewed from a variety of theoretical frames of reference. The following issues are discussed ; Dexamethasone suppression test(DST), TRH stimulation test, MHPG, Temperament Character Inventory(TCI), and heart rate variability(HRV).

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.112-120
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• 2006

Although waste management in construction industry has a significant impact on both economical and environmental issues, the current level of waste management performance in Korean construction is reported as relatively low. To improve any type of management performance, it is necessary to diagnose the current status of the performance level. In this context, this research is aimed to identify important factors in influencing the waste management performance and to develop an evaluation tool for the purpose of assessing the level of the performance for a particular construction site. In this paper, 59 influential factors have been identified and categorized into five classes, i.e., manpower, material, method, management, and policy, in terms of the characteristics of the factors. In addition, an evaluation tool has been developed in order to effectively quantify all the 59 factors based on a thorough industry survey. The output of the Tool, which is Waste Management Index, effectively assess the level of waste management performance for a particular project and provide with the most leveraged factors in need for improvement in waste management performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.102-108
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• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic taxonomic relationships between Korean native black goat (KNBG) populations and crossbred goats. The 45,658 common single nucleotide polymorphisms present in the KNBG strain and crossbred goat were used for the analysis. The expected and observed heterozygosity (which can be indicators of genetic diversity) were in the order of crossbred, Gyeongsang National University, Jangsu, then the Tongyeong strains. The variance component represents the degree of genetic diversity between groups. The highest variance (19.98 %) was between the Dangjin and Gyeongsang National University strains. The lowest variance (8.87 %) was between the Jangsu and Tongyeong strains. In addition, the genetic distance between the populations showed that Jangsu and Tongyeong formed one branch (they were very similar genetically). The Dangjin and the Gyeongsang National University strains appeared to form a second branch. Furthermore, the crossbred formed one branch with the Dangjin and the Gyeongsang National University strains. Therefore, the results of this study can be used as basic data to reduce unnecessary inbreeding and genetic resource flow between the KNBG populations. The basic data indicates the uniqueness of the genetic resources of the domestic lineage. These findings provide a basis for differentiating KNBG and Crossbred goats to use to improve the desirable characteristics of this species.