• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.319-325
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• 2021

The urban regeneration project is an activity that promotes the economy in underdeveloped commercial or residential areas and maintains urban communities through improvement of living in residential areas. Through this study, various successful cases of urban regeneration at home and abroad and surveys related to urban regeneration in Bongsan Village, Yeongdo, Busan were collected and analyzed. Key keywords for each case were derived, grouped, and top keywords were created. The 13 top keywords were evaluated using Likert's 5-point scale, and AHP was conducted for the 10 keywords that were finally selected. As a result of AHP analysis, the preference for "spatial and physical properties" was derived in the order of "publicity", "sustainability", and "identity". The preference of "content and system properties" was derived in the order of "resident participation", "convenience", "locality", and "local government participation". It is necessary to present a role as a design guideline for establishing urban regeneration designs in relation to various urban regeneration projects that will become more active in the future through the analysis of preferences of urban regeneration keywords derived through this study.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.26-40
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• 2018

As urban regeneration and revitalization projects become increasingly popular in Korea, interests in residential environment, landscape improvement and community activities have risen, resulting in increased interest in community garden, a type of urban agriculture. However, the concept of community garden in Korea is yet to be defined apart from the general concept of urban agriculture. Also, any discussion regarding a practical scheme for community gardens remains nascent. Therefore, in order to define and to understand community gardens, and to draw meaningful implications for the community garden research in Korea, this study conducted a preliminary field survey of four North American cities from where the idea of community gardening originates. A total of 166 community gardens in Seattle, New York, Philadelphia and Vancouver were visited during this survey. Four community gardens from each city were selected for further analysis, with particular emphasis on spatial organization and social functions. The results showed that the community gardens in each city perform a diverse array of functions depending on location, type and societal needs. Community gardens in Seattle and Vancouver, which may be classified as 'uptown,' focused on their roles as fields of 'community participation.' Those in New York and Philadelphia, which are classified as 'downtown,' emphasized their function in 'urban beautification.' This study demonstrates that the community gardens in North America serve their roles as urban amenities and multi-functional public spaces for the entire local population. The implication of the results is that considerations for the social roles the community gardens serve and the spatial elements that allow the space to perform such functions are necessary for the further developments in the community garden research in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

This study explores urban gardening and garden culture in residential area as an everydayness that has been overlooked during the modern period urbanization and investigates the meaning and value of urban gardening from the perspective of urban formations and growth in spontaneous urban residential area, Haebangchon. The result identified that urban gardening as a meaning of contemporary culture is a new clue to improving the urban physical environment and changing the lives and community network of residents. Haebangchon is one of the few remaining spontaneous habitations in Seoul, and was created as a temporary unlicensed shantytown in 1940s. It became the representative habitation for common people in downtown Seoul through the revitalization of the 60s and the local reform through self-sustaining redevelopment projects during the 70s through the 90s. This area still contains the image of times during the 50s to the 60s, the 70s to the 80s and present, with the percentage of long-term stay residents high. Within this context, the site is divided into third quarters, and the research undertaken by observation and investigation to determine characteristics of urban gardening as an everydayness. It can be said that urban gardening and garden culture in Haebangchon is a unique location culture that has accumulated in the crevices of the physical condition and culture of life. These places are an expression of resident's desires that seeking out nature and gardening as revealed in densely-populated areas and the grounds of practical acting and participating in care and cultivation. It forms a unique, indigenous local landscape as an accumulation of everyday life of residents. Urban gardens in detached home has retained the original function of the dwelling and the garden, or 'madang', and takes on the characteristic of public space through the sharing of a public nature as well as semi-private spatial characteristic. Also, urban gardens including small kitchen garden and flowerpots that appear in the narrow streets provide pleasure as a part of nature that blossoms in narrow alley and functions as a public garden for exchanging with neighbors by sharing produce. This paper provides the concept of redefining the relationship between the private-public area that occurs between outside spaces that are cut off in a modern city.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.101-135
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine what influence the satisfaction of the services rendered by libraries has over the satisfaction of life, which is consisted of income employment, education, cultural leisure, family community, citizenry participation, safety environment, and subjective satisfaction. To this end, a questionnaire survey was conducted with the users of public libraries, and the extent of the measurement tools' regular distribution (skewness and kurtosis), validity and reliability were validated. First, it turned out that the satisfaction of library service has a significant influence over the satisfaction of life for income and employment. Second, the satisfaction of library service turned out to have a significant influence on the educational part of the satisfaction of life partially. Third, the overall satisfaction of library turned out to have influence over the satisfaction of culture, leisure, and health among the satisfaction of life. Fourth, it turned out that the greater the satisfaction of the library's program services and comprehensive parts, the higher the family and community satisfaction will be. Fifth, the citizenry participation increased as the library's program services and comprehensive parts increased. Sixth, as the satisfaction of library services increased, the satisfaction of safety and environment also increased. Finally, the subjective satisfaction increased as the library's space and place services and the library's overall satisfaction increased. Such research results suggest that various support for libraries could improve the quality of life and satisfaction of the people.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.261-272
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• 2006

As we cannot think of our lives without a nation, it is closely related to almost every part of our daily lives. The role of government is becoming more important in the complex modern society as an essential element of national authority even though the government has indirect and secondary characteristics in its functional performance. Therefore, the government has to be efficient in planning and executing its policies, and it needs to be representative and fair as part of a national authoritative community. In the 21st century when symbolic and cultural importance of images are becoming more important, it is crucial for the government organizations to have an integrated identity design system that can satisfy both of these requirements of the government. However, the C.I.(Corporate Identity) of each Korean administrative branch has been developed separately and sporadically, which resulted in lack of consistency as part of the government. Shape and material of their C.I.s that follow short term design trend and popularity also lack uniqueness which can be distinguished from those of any private corporation. This may show that our government lacks systematic administrative capability, since image of a feature represents its characteristics and reality, and their recognition and evaluation from others become identity of the feature. In this perspective, the purpose of this thesis is to suggest an identity design system that has certain rules and regularity with wide variety of possible alterations for the central administration in Korea. In order to represent this visually, identity design system with both integrity and variety of possible alteration is created based on traditional Korean culture, especially the concept of Umyang-ohaeng and Samjae.

• Journal of Public Diplomacy
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aims to discover how the spread of K-POP and the diversification of the Korean Wave affects Korea's national reputation. K-POP stars are diversifying their interactions with fandom by creating an online space to consume various products and services related to their stars and engage in fan activities. Because of this, this study aims to examine the relevance of K-POP to national reputation through a parasocial relationship with K-POP stars by fandom forming a community and utilizing media. Methods: An online survey was conducted in English using the Amazon survey company Mechanical Turk for BTS fans living in the United States. A total of 195 people's data, excluding incomplete responses, were used for the analysis. Results: It was found that BTS fans' social media participation activities themselves did not directly affect Korea's national reputation. But the mediating effect of BTS fans' parasocial relationship was found. That is, BTS fans' social media participation activities had a positive effect on their parasocial relationships with BTS which in turn had a positive effect on their national reputation. Conlusions: The use and participation of BTS fans in social media in Korea's national reputation has no significant effect on itself, but it has been found that it affects the national reputation through forming parasocial relationships. From the study results, the parasocial relationship of K-POP fans can be used as a strategic mechanism to enhance the national image and Korea's national reputation.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.151-170
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze performance factors of the school and community libraries in its beginning, growth, development, and expansion to identify the assignment of the movement at the present stage. In this study, we performed interviews with those concerned with the school community and library movement and collected various relevant literature. The school and community libraries movement can be divided into five stages including beginning, growth, development, expansion, and turning point. Therefore performance and significance of school and community libraries shown in the history of the movement may be summarized as follows. First, school and community libraries were established mainly in areas isolated from cultural benefits, contributing to resolving problems such as a lack of public libraries and concentration of small libraries in certain areas. Second, the movement promoted the operation of school libraries by providing books for small-sized elementary schools in farming & fishing villages and mountain villages, libraries that were insufficient in books. Third, the movement utilized the minimal personnel, books, and spaces of school libraries to provide library services to community residents, securing permanence of library services, if nothing else. Fourth, school and community libraries played the role of local community-based libraries, intensifying the community spirit of residents and vitalizing communities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.98-114
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• 2017

This study analyzed the commemorative landscapes of eight Holocaust concentration camp memorials(HCCM) of Germany and Poland from a landscape architecture point of view including historical landscape, places and remains, and monuments. A site survey was conducted at Dahau concentration camp memorial(CCM) and Bergen-Belsen CCM of Germany in September of 2015 and the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp memorial(ECM), Majdanek ECM, Belzec ECM, Sobibor ECM, Treblinka ECM, Chelmno ECM of Poland in April of 2016. The results are as follows. First, the landscape of the concentration camp at Dahau CCM, Auschwitz ECM, and Majdanek ECM liberated by the Allied Forces was well conserved with the maintenance of camp facilities and the spatial structure of camps while monuments and memorials seized by sociopolitical argument were built with restriction. But Belzec ECM, Sobibor ECM, Treblinka ECM, and Chelmno ECM devastated and planted artificially to forest were overwhelmingly surrounded with natural landscape, and also, excavated relics and remains were preserved and the monuments were built at the place of memory. Second, gas chambers, crematoriums, guard posts, electric wire fences, railroads and ramps, barracks, and drainage ditches were considered to be typical facilities present in the camp structure and the gas chambers, crematoriums, human ashes, and mass graves demonstrated the horrible history of these camps and the railroad and ramp where Jewish prisoners arrived also had the strong sense of place. These remains were regarded as symbolic elements to create a memory of the tragedy and place. Third, commemoration of victims was applied as the basic concept and recalling the memory of the Holocaust was also considered very important content. Religious reconciliation and peace was represented at Dahau CCM and the Jewish identity was strongly expressed at Treblinka ECM and Belzec ECM representing the Jewish community and Judaism. Fourth, the monuments with semi-abstract styles and abstract sculptures represented the Holocaust symbolically and narratively and came into the conflict caused by the abstractness to the memorial landscape at Auschwitz-Birkenau ECM and Bergen-Belsen CCM. Fifth, remains for recalling the memory of tragedy and place and symbolic monuments to stand for public memory were juxtaposed at the same place and preserving on the authenticity of camp site had been conflicted with monumentalizing intentionally. Further study will required a concrete investigation of the monuments in the HCCM and an attempt to comparatively study the commemoration characteristics of memorials in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.53-66
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to suggest indicator-based selection and improvement plans for evaluating urban regeneration projects. First, we selected the indicators by conducting expert surveys and analysis of the responses received. Additionally, using the selected indicators, we analyzed the residents' opinions in Wongogae Village, where urban regeneration projects were in progress. Based on these, we suggested a plan to improve Wongogae Village. According to the study, we classified the urban regeneration evaluation indicators into 'Physical environment', 'Social environment' and 'Economic environment' according to their characteristics. We selected urban regeneration evaluation factors through the first expert survey and MCB analysis. As a result, we selected six factors for the 'Physical environment' category: 'Traffic and pedestrian environment', 'Residential (housing) environment', 'Safety and security environment', 'Greenspace', 'Landscape improvement' and 'Public space', In the 'Social environment' category, four factors were chosen: 'Resident participation', 'Community activation', 'Role of the local government and support centers' and 'Resident education' while for the 'Economic environment' category three factors were selected: 'Local economic revitalization', 'Creating an economy-based environment', 'Job creation'. Next, we conducted a second expert survey and carried out an AHP analysis using the selected evaluation factors to derive the overall weight for each. Among the evaluation factors for urban regeneration, the 'Residential (housing) environment' has the highest weighted value of 0.108, followed by 'Local economic revitalization' and 'Resident participation'. Lastly, the analysis of the residents' opinions of Wongogae Village using the urban regeneration evaluation factors, Parking environment', 'Maintenance of old houses and living environment', 'Environment for founding town and social enterprises', 'Improve commercial and business environment', 'Maintain and activate existing business' and 'Vitalizing small regional economies such as domestic handicrafts and side-job' had high overall importance, but low satisfaction, which means that it is necessary to improve the focus. Therefore, in order to improve the urban regeneration project in villages, it is necessary to improve the parking environment by expanding public parking lots, eliminate close houses, and idle lands, or open a school playground in the village for the residents. In addition, it is essential to encourage economic activities, such as fostering village enterprises and social enterprises in connection with cooperatives and allow for the selling of the products through resident activities, such as neighboring markets.