• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.3-11
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• 2009

The ratio of old persons among the total population is rapidly increasing and the apartment has become to the representative housing type in Korea. This means that many old persons would live in multi-family houses. Therefore the study was intended to examine the preferred characteristics of interior space organization in multi-family house by the aged. The characteristics were the number and usage of bedroom, necessity and type of dress room, type of living room, arrangement of work centers in kitchen, LDK type, the number and layout of bathroom, and type of entrance and balcony. The subjects were 122 old persons who lived in multi-family houses in Ulsan. The individual interview was carried out for collecting the data. The results were as the followings; The characteristics of interior space organization in multi-family houses preferred by the elderly were three bedroom, two bathroom, DK or LDK type, open planned living room, L shape arrangement of kitchen work center, entrance connected directly to outdoor space such as elevator hall or corridor, and the balcony located in front of living room and at the back of small bedroom. Even thouth the average age of population has increased, many apartments still be planned and provided without consideration of old persons. This study would contribute to plan the multi-family houses for the elderly.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.31-40
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• 2012

This study of elderly households living conditions to determine the overall status in the housing environment is to understand. To this end, the stage of elderly as a framework to target living consciousness, living space composition, housing Environment composition of elderly households with a comprehensive understanding and analyzes were employed. For this research is a survey conducted on senior citizens(over 60) in Busan, Korea. The major findings are as followings; In the living consciousness, the elderly households showed high perception of dependency but the age of the elderly increases, depends on the parent to the child. Also depending on the aging of the elderly considered health more important than economic conditions. The requirements for living space composition, most respondents prefer to stay in the same place where they currently reside. Move into the new housing was also identified. It was recognized that elderly households not only required living in co-residential space with their families, but also the necessity for individual space. The home environments composition, health care and social welfare support services appears overall the elderly of stage. The age of the elderly increases, a strong demand for care and support service were identified. Health activities in leisure and social activities and social activities, as age increased mainly done by the convenience of public transportation has been identified that are important.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.107-116
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• 2006

This study was to figure out the design characteristics of court housing type for the purpose of searching for the possibility of applying it to the housing design in Korea. In spite of changes of housing design condition in Korea, especially steep increase in density, there have been changes only in the height of housing block, not in the housing types, layout, spatial organization and other design properties. Due to such a situation, housing in Korea has been criticised as too high, monotonous one - especially types of housing block tend to be fixed into a slab block and a point block. As one of the alternatives to respond to the criticism, this study focused on the positive aspects of the court housing type, and suggested the design direction throughout the analysis of 8 entries in the design competition of EunPyeong New Town, which attempted to overcome the negative problems - mainly the daylighting, orientation, and privacy - and tried to maximize the positive properties of this type of housing.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.11-20
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to find out tendencies in the planning characteristics focused on the community, single building, shared spaces and interior concept of apartment houses in Daejeon City, and to analyze these characteristics according to apartment unit floor plan based upon the arrangement of room, the type of main entrance, the type of LDK, anbang, kitchen, bathroom and the 3rd space. This study used the content analysis method and analysis was made on drawings and descriptions showing planning characteristics of apartment houses. Above all, 34 cases of apartment houses and 159 unit plans were analyzed. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The most important characteristics of the direction of housing development was the "well-being" concept including greenzone and natural environment. The most mentioned community spaces were children's playgrounds and parks. The emphasized interior concepts were noble, well-being and natural concepts. 2) The most prominent front arrangement type was the 3-bay unit plan, front space arrangement was focused on rooms and, livingroom. The most prominent front space arrangement types were R/L/R, R/L/R/R and there is a new tendency towards KD/L/R/R. 3) The most prominent LDK floor plans were of the LDK type. The type of "Anbang" arrangement consisted mainly of room-bathroom-dressing room. The type of public bathroom arrangement consisted mainly of bathtub-toilet-washbasin and the "Anbang" bathroom arrangement was shower-booth-toilet-washbasin.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.189-189
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• 2011

최근 공동주택은 보편적인 도시주거 유형으로 자리매김 하고 있지만, 성장 위주의 경제 산업 정책에 따른 안전의식미약, 사회구조개편에 따른 급격한 증가, 생활환경 변화와 에너지 사용 증가 등 화재 유발인자의 다양화로 인해 인적 물적 피해가 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 특히 다른 건물들과는 달리 공동주택의 거주자가 유아, 노인, 신체장애자 등 다양한 인적 구성의 형태로 이루어져 있어서 화재 발생 건수에 비해 인명피해가 월등히 높은 편이다. 공동주택에서의 화재에 대한 위험성을 인식하고, 그에 대한 인적 물적 피해를 최소화하기 위한 대책 마련이 시급하다. 본 논문은 CFAST(Consolidated Model of Fire Growth and Smoke Transport)를 사용하여 공동주택을 대상으로 실물 화재 실험을 실시하고 공간화재에서의 화재 성상을 파악하여 화재 시 개구부의 개폐 여부에 따라 발생되는 산소와 이산화탄소의 농도와 온도가 인체에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아본다. 개구부를 개방 했을 경우에 외부창문의 개폐 여부에 상관없이 모든 방의 온도 분포가 뚜렷하게 나타났지만 개구부를 폐쇄 할 경우에는 발화지점인 거실의 온도 분포만 나타났다. Flashover현상과 Back Draft현상은 개구부의 개폐여부에 상관없이 외부 창문을 폐쇄 했을 경우에 나타났지만 특히 모든 개구부와 외부창문을 폐쇄 했을 경우에 더욱 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 각 실은 점화 후 4분경에 최고 온도를 보였으며 다른 방에 비해 발화지점인 거실의 온도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 온도에 의해서는 두 가지 영향이 일어날 수 있는데, 하나는 비교적 장시간에 걸쳐 발생하는 열응력이고, 다른 하나는 짧은 시간에 발생할 수 있는 화상이다. 만약 피부온도가 $45^{\circ}C$에 이르면 인체는 고통을 느끼게 되며, 이보다 더 높은 온도에서는 깊은 피부조직까지 손상을 줄 수 있다. 움직이지 않는 사람에 대한 고통 유발 임계온도는 약 $200^{\circ}C$이며, 인체는 땀의 발산으로 온도에 대한 내성이 증가하지만 이체가 장시간 열을 받으면 사망에 이를 수 있다. 결론적으로 공동 주택을 대상으로 CFAST를 이용해 분석한 결과 플래쉬오버 현상으로 인해 화재가 성장하여 급격히 온도가 상승하다가, 산소 부족으로 인해 화재가 성장하지 않고 온도가 떨어지는 것을 알 수 있다. 화재 시 온도, 산소, 이산화탄소를 고려하였을 때 약 3분 이내에 대피해야 온도 및 가스로 인한 피해를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

This study explores urban gardening and garden culture in residential area as an everydayness that has been overlooked during the modern period urbanization and investigates the meaning and value of urban gardening from the perspective of urban formations and growth in spontaneous urban residential area, Haebangchon. The result identified that urban gardening as a meaning of contemporary culture is a new clue to improving the urban physical environment and changing the lives and community network of residents. Haebangchon is one of the few remaining spontaneous habitations in Seoul, and was created as a temporary unlicensed shantytown in 1940s. It became the representative habitation for common people in downtown Seoul through the revitalization of the 60s and the local reform through self-sustaining redevelopment projects during the 70s through the 90s. This area still contains the image of times during the 50s to the 60s, the 70s to the 80s and present, with the percentage of long-term stay residents high. Within this context, the site is divided into third quarters, and the research undertaken by observation and investigation to determine characteristics of urban gardening as an everydayness. It can be said that urban gardening and garden culture in Haebangchon is a unique location culture that has accumulated in the crevices of the physical condition and culture of life. These places are an expression of resident's desires that seeking out nature and gardening as revealed in densely-populated areas and the grounds of practical acting and participating in care and cultivation. It forms a unique, indigenous local landscape as an accumulation of everyday life of residents. Urban gardens in detached home has retained the original function of the dwelling and the garden, or 'madang', and takes on the characteristic of public space through the sharing of a public nature as well as semi-private spatial characteristic. Also, urban gardens including small kitchen garden and flowerpots that appear in the narrow streets provide pleasure as a part of nature that blossoms in narrow alley and functions as a public garden for exchanging with neighbors by sharing produce. This paper provides the concept of redefining the relationship between the private-public area that occurs between outside spaces that are cut off in a modern city.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.68-79
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• 2008

Because local cities are different from large cities, they need to reflect their own characteristics of housing market. Thus in order to obtain useful implications for the establishing sound housing market in Jinju City, this paper investigated the characteristics of spatial distribution and determinant factors that affect apartment price in Jinju City. GIS representation of the apartments showed that most of old and small apartments were built in 'land readjustment project' areas executed in 1970s. On the contrary, new and large scale apartment complexes were built quite recently and distributed in the western and southern parts of the city. Next, in order to examine the factors which affect apartment price, this paper subtracted firstly several variables from the related studies. However in order to avoid multi-colinearity, variables were summarized by means of factor analysis. Then, setting apartment price as a dependant variable, 12 hedonic price models were established with 33 independent variables. As results, building age, floor area, accessibility to university and hospital, accessibility to arterial road, and stair-type building were turned out to be significant. These results will be used in making the supply and allocation plan of urban facilities and housing. Finally as conclusions this paper emphasized the need of periodic analysis of local housing market and establishing detailed housing information systems.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.4 s.62
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• pp.247-256
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• 2005

This study investigated the status of kitchen of units in elderly housing facilities and the housing needs of residents. Compared with a lot of comprehensive and alternative studies on elderly housing facilities until now, specialized studies of behavior of elderly housing life and detailed dimensional study have hardly made. Therefore we intend to examine the status of kitchen planning on representative elderly housing facilities in Korea. As the methods of this study, we executed a field study into 4 representative elderly housing facilities in Korea. We visited each 2 units out of the outstanding 4facilities and surveyed the total 8 kitchens. Then we analyzed the space planning and kitchen furniture design of them and the state of kitchen commodities, and measured the kitchen equipment. In addition, we executed interview about satisfaction, preference, use from the residents. As a result, we could find out that depending on whether residents were sewed with meal offered from the facilities or not, the pattern of usage and commodities were quite different. It is necessary to supply the simplest spaces just for preparing some refreshment and tea are suitable. And for the self-cooking residents, much larger cabinets and utility rooms are additionally needed. Safety and functional aspect were quite well designed. Washing machines are usually built-in the kitchen cabinets, and residents are satisfied with this arrangement. We hope that the supplementary study about old people habit and behavior will be a good data of kitchen planning for Korean-type elderly housing units of facilities.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.19
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• pp.405-415
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• 2015

Recently the development of China has attracted all over the world, many scholars of different areas are interested in Chinese Culture and Chinese Market. After sixties of last century development of the economic of the South Korea closer to modernization, but there are many problems, one of them is the urban living style boasts of the features of concentration. Because of this phenomenon the lack of housing space become more serious. It also come to be a social problems. Therefore narrow residential area become inevitability. At the same time, effective utilization of housing space become a demand. Especially for those families with limited living space, it's meaningful for them. Between the China and the South Korea. Chinese have the same situation too, the different is kitchen space of chinese is closed. It means they have to cook in limited space. With increased supplies and more small appliances, an inevitable requirement is opening out the kitchen space, but unreasonable furnishings and living space reduces the efficiency of the kitchen, which has led to the discontent of users. From this, base on the investigation and analysis of diet&living space of most chinese apartment, and through differences kinds and places of storage items. With them I would combine the food culture and feature of storage space of China to solve problems of the efficiency of the kitchen.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.6 s.72
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• pp.133-142
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the spatial composition characteristics of elderly housing facilities in Korea, in order to refer them in establishing the basic plan for elderly housing in Korea. The case study performed in this study from October 16 to October 31 is based on ten housing facilities for the elderly in KOREA. During the site visits, the interview with the custodians, survey of the space, picture taking and diagram gathering were carried out. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The type of floor plan was classified into ㅁ type, L type, and ㅡ type. And they hadn't an outside space called a garden(courtyard). 2. The kinds of common spaces could be grouped as the space for basic living, for leisure, and for convenient living. Also it was all common that the housing facility had common diningroom laundry room once, and activity room. The type of the common spaces was categorized into three types, the centralized type where the shared space was located at the center of the housing facilities, the distributed type, depending on the degree of separation between common spaces and units, and another each building type. 3. The kinds of units was classified into studio, oneroom, one bedroom and two bedroom. 4. Elevator, safety grab bar, emergency bell, and the door handle of lever or bar type were placed in these facilities.