• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.649-659
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• 2005

A window presentation style, either tiled window or single page design, determines the spatial arrangement of information in a modern computer-based instructional design. This study investigates the interaction between spatial ability and window presentation style in terms of student's achievement of cognitive knowledge through Web-based instruction. Seventy-one students from the Falk School in Pennsylvania were pre-tested to determine their level of spatial ability, then randomly divided into two treatment groups in order to study a Web-based instructional unit on flowering plants. The Web-based instructional package was organized with either tiled window presentation or single page presentation. A posttest measured participants'acquisition of the instructional content. Posttest and spatial ability test scores were analyzed using multi-variate linear regression for the full sample (n=71) and three sub-samples: (a) 4th and 5th grade students only, (b) female students only, and (c) 4th and 5th grade female students only. The goals of the data analysis included the examination of (i) the correlation between spatial ability and posttest scores; (ii) the correlation between window presentation style and posttest score; and (iii) the interaction between spatial ability (aptitude) and presentation style (treatment).The data from all four sample groups showed a significant relationship between spatial ability and achievement of cognitive knowledge at the 1% level of significance. The aptitude-treatment interaction between spatial ability and style of window presentation was not significant in the full sample, but was significant in the sub-samples either at the 10% or 5% level. In neither the full sample nor any sub-sample data did window presentation style have an impact on average posttest score. In all analyses, the higher the level of spatial ability, the higher the posttest score. The sub-samples revealed that students with low spatial ability performed better with the tiled window presentation, while those with high spatial ability did better with the single page presentation. Neither window presentation style was shown to better foster learning by children of all levels of spatial ability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.113-116
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• 2007

This paper describes the development of an optimal 3D maze path game as web-based game contents. Client user using web can access and run java applet program with download of java byte code with the independence of hardware system. The optimal 3D maze path game developed in this paper consists of random maze path generation module, selected path input module, weighted optimal path search module, and path comparison module. It enhances the cognition faculty of game users with the comparison of the maze path searched by optimal path search algorithm and the selected maze path by game users.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.63-76
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• 2006

Melody is defined as adding spatial dimension to the rhythm which is temporal concept. Being able to understand melodic pattern and to reproduce the pattern also requires cognitive skills. Since 1980, there has been much research on the relationship between academic skills and music cognitive skills, and how to transfer the skills learned in music work to the academic learning. The study purported to examine various research outcomes dealing with the correlational and causal relationships between musical and academic skills. The two dominating theories explaining the connection between two skills ares are "neural theory" and "near transfer theory." The theories focus mainly on the transference of spatial and temporal reasoning which are reinforced in the musical learning. The study reviewed the existing meta-analysis studies, which provided evidence for positive correlation between academic and musical skills, and significance of musical learning in academic skills. The study further examined specific skills area that musical learning is correlated, such as mathematics and reading. The research stated that among many mathematical concepts, proportional topics have the strongest correlation with musical skills. Also with reading, temporal processing also has strong relationship with auditory skills and motor skills, and further affect language and literacy ability. The study suggest that skills learned in the musical work can be transferred to other areas of learning and structured music activities may be every efficient for children for facilitating academic concepts.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.375-390
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• 2001

본 연구는 혼잣말이 유아들의 인지적 과정에 중요한 역할을 한다는 비고츠키의 이론을 검증하는데 그 목적이 있다. 비고츠키의 혼잣말에 관한 이론을 확인하고자 하는 선행연구들은 일관된 결과를 보이지 못해 왔다. 이에 본 연구에서는 두 가지 과제해결조건, 즉 혼잣말을 억제하는 경우와 혼잣말을 격려하는 조건하에서 두 종류의 과제를 수행할 경우, 유아들의 혼잣말의 발생 빈도와 과제수행력은 어떠한 양상으로 나타나는지를 알아봄으로써 혼잣말의 인지적 기능을 확인하고자 한다. 30명의 5세 유아들을 대상으로 하여 이루어진 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같았다. 유아들이 자발적으로 사용하는 혼잣말은 혼잣말이 적극 격려되는 조건일 때 그리고 언어적 과제유형보다는 공간-지각적 과제유형에서 더 높은 빈도로 관찰되었으며 높게 나타난 혼잣말은 공간-지각적 과제의 수행력에 긍정적인 영향을 보였다. 이는 비고츠키의 주장대로, 유아들의 혼잣말에 인지적 자기조절 기능이 있음을 지지하는 결과로 해석된다.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.43-46
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• 2010

최근 뇌에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며 뇌 기능의 중요성이 부각됨에 따라서 뇌 기능과 관련한 인지능력에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 인지능력은 정보의 입력, 처리, 저장 및 검색 등 광범위한 지적 능력을 가리키고 기억력, 주의력, 집중력 등이 포함된다. 하지만 이러한 인지능력의 중요성에도 불구하고 인지능력을 증진시키고 회복시키기 위해 많은 시간을 할애할 수 없다. 이는 현대의 사회적 환경과 시간적, 공간적인 제약이 많기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 휴대성과 시간의 효율성을 고려하고 사용자에게 다양한 기능을 제공할 수 있는 스마트폰을 활용하여 인지능력 진단 및 증진을 할 수 있도록 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.299-309
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop the method of distinction for sports gifted children, which evaluated as well as cognitive capability and physical fitness. For the validation verification of developed method, we measured physique, physical fitness and developed cognitive agility method for 369 children from 2nd grade to 6th grade. Results were followed as below: The frequency of success of sports gifted group was higher than normal group(p<.05). Total time for cognitive agility of gifted child's group in both sex were shorter than normal group(p<.05). There were no significant correlation between physique and cognitive agility time. 50m run and side step test had correlation with cognitive agility time in boys and girls(p<.05). In spatial skills, only higher tendency in sports gifted group showed. Cognitive agility had positive correlation with space perception in both boys and girls of upper grades. With theses results, we concluded that developed cognitive agility test might be synthetic evaluated method for cognitive agility as qualitative capacity for boys and girls in elementary school.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.497-505
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• 2001

In this study, the relationships among students' conceptual understanding of molecular structure and cognitive variables were investigated for 165 high school students. After they had learned 'High School Chemistry II' for two semesters, the tests of conception concerning molecular structure, spatial visualization ability, logical thinking ability, mental capacity, and learning approach were administered. The results indicated that students' conceptual understanding of molecular structure was not sound, and several misconceptions were found. The scores of the conception test were significantly correlated with all the cognitive variables studied. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the predictive influences of students' cognitive variables on their conceptual understanding. Meaningful learning approach was the most significant predictor and were followed by logical thinking ability, rote learning approach, and mental capacity. However, spatial visualization ability did not have the predictive power.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.279-287
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes of the cognitive function and health-related quality of life. Study subjects were 35 elderly living alone and they participated in the cognitive program for 8 weeks regularly. The assessment of cognitive function was used by the Loewenstein occupational therapy cognitive assessment battery and the orientation, visual attention, spatial perception, motor praxis, visuomotor organization, thinking operation, and attention. The assessment of health-related quality of life was used by the Short form-8 health survey and the gerneral health condition, physical function and role, pain, vitality, social function, mental health, and emotional role. As the results, all the results of variables showed the statistically significant increase after the participation in the cognitive program. To improve the cognitive function and health quality of life of the elderly living alone, the participation in the cognitive program should be considered.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.626-631
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• 2006

가상현실 시스템에서의 가장 기본적인 상호작용은 사용자가 원하는 위치와 방향으로 시야를 이동하는 네비게이션이다. 기존의 관련 연구들은 가상환경 네비게이션의 고전적인 문제인 'lost-in-cyberspace'에 대한 명확한 해결책을 제시하지 못하고 있다. 또한, 직관적이고 사용방법이 쉬운 상호작용에 대한 연구가 충분히 이루어지지 않았다. 본 논문에서는 증강현실 기반의 감각형 오브젝트를 이용한 네비게이션 인터페이스 시스템과, 사용자의 컨텍스트를 활용한 네비게이션 방법을 제안한다. 테이블의 표면에는 프로젝터를 이용한 후면 영사를 통해 가상환경의 지도와 사용자를 위한 네비게이션 정보가 보여진다. 사용자는 테이블 공간에서 카메라를 이용해 추적되는 감각형 오브젝트를 조작함으로써 가상환경을 네비게이션 할 수 있다. 또한, 사용자의 관심 지역 및 가상공간의 중요 지역 등의 컨텍스트는 사용자의 간단한 오브젝트 조작 정보와 결합되어 이동 경로 생성에 이용된다. 제안된 시스템은 본 연구실에서 제작된 Responsive Multimedia System (RMS) 의 인터페이스 시스템으로 연동되어 실험을 수행하였다. 제안된 시스템 및 네비게이션 기법은 사용자에게 전체 가상환경에 대한 인지력을 향상시키고, 직관적인 인터페이스를 제공하며, 최소한의 조작으로 만족스러운 네비게이션을 제공한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.233-245
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• 1986

The relationships between nutritional status and psychological functionings in elementart school children were studied using dietary survey, physical and biochemical examinations and psychological measures of both cognitive and personality traits. The results obtained are as follows: (1) Performance of Y school (higher economic class) children on the tests of cognitive functionings, was generally higher than that of B school(lower economic class) children. The means of all anthropornetric measurements were also higher in Y than B school children. (2) Nutrient intakes were found to be positvely correlated with the psychological funtionings of the children to the varing degrees depending on the variables tested. However, the correlations between the physical measures and psychological functionings were low. (3) Most nutrient variables showed positive correlations with body size. (4) The functionings of both cognitive and personality traits are of utmost importance reflecting the positive effects of balanced diet on behavior.