• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.153-159
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• 1996

Linear models for spatial data are proposed by example in the paper. This method was introduced to Korea for the first time in the early part of 1990's. The correlation of spatial patterns is computed by Moran Index., and then correlogram is proposed as the method to identify correlation of spatial patterns. Due to computational difficulties with ML, an alternative estimator has been used as an eigenvalue method.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.49-55
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• 2015

Current medical delivery system in Korea has been distinguished into three types; primary medical facilities, secondary facilities, and tertiary facilities since 1989. This system prevents the waste of medical resources along with the maintenance of balance according to the medical treatment subjects. However, it is inevitable that the imbalance of the medical services among regions has been generated due to the concentration of the medical facilities on large cities. In this regard, this study attempted to evaluate the quality of the primary medical services, emphasizing accessibility and convenience targeting Jinju city, a small and medium-sized city, based on the distribution characteristics of the space. The study results show that cohesion index about the spatial distribution of the primary care facilities was 0~0.25. It conducted a correlation analysis between the location of the hospitals and users, based on the study results. Finally, it is demonstrated the correlation between the location of the hospitals and users tended to be low, while, the cohesion of the Oriental medicine clinics was high in other treatment subjects, and the accessibility to the Oriental medicine clinics was the highest because most Oriental medicine clinics were distributed to the places where users were many. However, on account that the locations of the medical facilities and users were varied in other treatment subjects except for the Oriental medicine clinics, problems were generated in terms of the accessibility. Therefore, it is judged that the preparation of the measures to improve the selection of lots in consideration of users, who use the primary medical services, is required.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.3 s.70
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• pp.359-364
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• 2005

Spatial autocorrelation was applied to microgeographic variations of Sasa borealis populations in Korea. Separate counts of each type of join (combination of genotypes at a single locus) for each allele, and for each distance class of separation, were tested for significant deviation from random expectations by calculating the Standard Normal Deviation. Moran's I was significantly different from the expected value in 25 of 150 cases $(16.7\%)$. Seven of these values $(4.7\%)$ were negative, indicating genetic dissimilarity among pairs of individuals in the ten distance classes. Populations of S. borealis are small in Korea, and are distributed with occasional cutting of seed-bearing stems used for sieves. Thus, artificial disturbance may contribute to the fact that the S. borealis population of Jirisan is unusual in lacking spatial genetic structure.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2013

This study investigates the spatial distribution characteristics of Korean fashion industries during the last decade, in which the economic geography of fashion industries has changed dynamically with economic globalization and "thus resulted in increased" demand "of" diversification. In particular, this study examines the spatial distribution patterns of fashion industries in the Seoul metropolitan area where fashion industries are highly agglomerated. For the purpose, this study applies Moran's I Index of spatial autocorrelation analysis for seven functional sectors of fashion industries related to fashion production. The global and local agglomeration patterns are examined for each functional sector. The results clarify the distinction in the spatial agglomeration patterns among the seven functional sectors of fashion industries in the Seoul Metropolitan area. Logit models are developed to examine the interrelationships among functional sectors in their spatial agglomeration distribution patterns. By conducting binary logistic regression analysis, we find out how the spatial agglomeration of each functional sector is related to the others.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.251-260
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• 2003

Distribution pattern of seawater intrusion was analyzed from the spatial distribution map of chloride using the geostatistics and CIS analyses. The chloride distribution map made by kriging(ordinary kriging and co-kriging) after exploratory spatial data analysis. Kriging provides an advanced methodology which facilitates quantification of spatial features and enables spatial interpolation. TDS, Na$^{＋}$, Br$^{[-10]}$ were selected as second parameters of co-kriging which is higher value of correlation coefficients between chloride and others groundwater properties. Chloride concentration is highest in yeminchon and coastal area. And result in co-kriging was accurate than ordinary kriging.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2010.07a
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• pp.337-340
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• 2010

본 논문은 H.264/AVC를 이용한 근접 무손실 화면내 부호화에서 기존의 라인 기반 예측 방법에서 발생할 수 있는 오류 전파 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법을 제안한다. H.264/AVC의 화면내 예측 부호화는 주변 블록의 복원 화소들을 현재 부호화하려는 블록의 예측값으로 사용하여 공간적 상관성을 제거하고 부호화 효율을 향상시킨다. 기존의 라인 기반 예측 방법에서는 일반적으로 화소 간 거리가 멀어질수록 화소 간 상관성이 떨어지므로 라인 단위로 예측을 수행하여 예측의 정확도를 높였다. 하지만, 이 경우 오류 전파 문제에 취약하다는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 화면내 $16{\times}16$ 수직 및 수평 예측 모드에 대해 매크로블록을 라인 단위로 예측하면서 정해진 서브 블록마다 참조 화소를 업데이트하는 방법을 제안한다. 따라서, 라인 기반 예측 방법의 예측 정확도는 유지하면서 오류 전파 문제를 예방할 수 있다. 실험을 통해, 제안하는 방법이 High 프로파일에서 H.264/AVC 표준 소프트웨어 JM 12.2에 비해 평균 약 5.8%의 비트율을 감소시킬 수 있음을 보였다.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.835-847
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• 2016

To analyze lattice or areal data, a conditionally autoregressive (CAR) model has been widely used in the eld of spatial analysis. The spatial neighborhoods within CAR model are generally formed using only inter-distance or boundaries between regions. Kyung and Ghosh (2010) proposed a new class of models to accommodate spatial variations that may depend on directions. The proposed model, a directional conditionally autoregressive (DCAR) model, generalized the usual CAR model by accounting for spatial anisotropy. Properties of maximum likelihood estimators of a Gaussian DCAR are discussed. The method is illustrated using a data set of median property prices across Greater Glasgow, Scotland, in 2008.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.37
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• pp.342-376
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• 2007

This study attempted to explore relationship between self-identities in real space and in virtual space and to inspect empirically both self-identities' influence on addiction and society maladaptation of online role playing game users. The verified results through this study are summarized as follows. First, both self-identity in real space and self-identity in virtual space represent strong interrelationship. In detail, the user with strong self-identity in real space shows strong self-identity in virtual space. Second, self-identities in two spaces have the negative interrelationship with game addiction and maladaptation. Whether real space or virtual space, the higher self-identity, the lower the levels of game addiction and maladaptation. Especially, self-identity in real space appeared an influential variable determining the level of addiction and maladaptation. Although self-identity in virtual space have not an independent influence, it has the possibility to effect complementary with self-identity in real space. This fact means that virtual space is not the place where the user with weak self-identity in real space can discovers the ideal self. Because they also experience the negative recognition about oneself in virtual space.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.761-771
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• 2016

The GloSea5 (Global Seasonal forecasting system version 5) is provided and operated by the KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration). GloSea5 provides Forecast (FCST) and Hindcast (HCST) data and its horizontal resolution is about 60km ($0.83^{\circ}{\times}0.56^{\circ}$) in the mid-latitudes. In order to use this data in watershed-scale water management, GloSea5 needs spatial-temporal downscaling. As such, statistical downscaling was used to correct for systematic biases of variables and to improve data reliability. HCST data is provided in ensemble format, and the highest statistical correlation ($R^2=0.60$, RMSE = 88.92, NSE = 0.57) of ensemble precipitation was reported for the Yongdam Dam watershed on the #6 grid. Additionally, the original GloSea5 (600.1 mm) showed the greatest difference (-26.5%) compared to observations (816.1 mm) during the summer flood season. However, downscaled GloSea5 was shown to have only a -3.1% error rate. Most of the underestimated results corresponded to precipitation levels during the flood season and the downscaled GloSea5 showed important results of restoration in precipitation levels. Per the analysis results of spatial autocorrelation using seasonal Moran's I, the spatial distribution was shown to be statistically significant. These results can improve the uncertainty of original GloSea5 and substantiate its spatial-temporal accuracy and validity. The spatial-temporal reproducibility assessment will play a very important role as basic data for watershed-scale water management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.187-190
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• 2003

태백산 광화대는 1960년대부터 광물자원에 대한 조사 및 개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있는 지역으로 지질관련 자료들이 많이 축적되어 있으므로 자료의 이용이 용이하고 예측 모델링을 적용한 결과와 기존 결과의 비교가 가능한 지역이다. 본 연구에서는 태백산 광화대 지역의 금속광상의 부존가능지역 예측을 위하여 지화학 자료를 이용하여 주제도를 작성하였다. 부존가능지역 예측을 위하여 사용한 기법은 GIS 기반의 예측 기법 중하나인 Weights of Evidence 모델링 기법으로 연구지역에 시범 적용함으로써 국내 환경에의 적용 가능성을 검토하고 구조선과 광상간의 공간적 상관성을 확인하였다.