• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.41-48
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• 2008

Currently used 3D models, which are mostly focused on visualization of 3D objects and lack topological structure, have limitation in being used for 3D spatial analyses and applications. However, implementing a full topology for the indoor spatial objects is less practical due to the increase of complexity and computation time. This study suggests an alternative method to build a 3D indoor model with less complexity using a spatial DBMS. Storing spatial and nonspatial information of indoor spaces in DB tables enables faster queries, computation and analyses. Also it is possible to display them in 2D or 3D using the queried information. This study suggests a 2D-3D hybrid data model, which combines the 2D topology constructed from CAD floor plans and stored in a spatial DBMS and the 3D visualization functionality. This study showed the process to build the proposed model in a spatial DBMS and use spatial functions and queries to visualize in 2D and 3D. And, then, as an example application, it illustrated the process to build an indoor evacuation simulator.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.15-22
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to find problems and to provide architectural design standards of the Learning Space Unit(L.S.U.) in Elementary Schools through the Post-occupancy Evaluation(POE). In this study, we found six major problems of the type of the L.S.U. in elementary schools. More than 50% of users expressed dissatisfactions in these items : size, safety, cooling facility, noise, privacy and primary meaning for its original purpose. After the interrelation-analysis, we checked pros and cons about each forms of L.S.U. It is the result of analysis of the layout method in L.S.U. 1) "$8.4m{\times}8.4m$" classroom unit got the highest positive responses 2) "2-classroom type" and "4-classroom type" got higher score than "3-classroom type" 3) "Whole faced type" 1) made more active Multi-space than "Partial faced type" 4) prefered prepared "Open-classroom" to "Closed-classroom" 5) 'Zoning type between L.S.U.s' couldn't influence to user's responses. Designers can consult those informations when they plan a new, remodeling and additional elementary school.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.119-129
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• 1995

In this paper, we propose a schedulatility analysis method for real-time programs. Several approaches to anlayzing schedulability have been developed, but since these approaches use a fixed priority scheduling method and/or traverse all possible state spaces, there take place exponential time and space complexity of these methods, Therefore it is necessary to reduce the state space and detect schedulability at earlier time. Our schedulability analysis method uses a minimum unit time taken to terminate synchronization action, a minimum unit time taken to terminate actions after synchronization, and a deadline of processes to detect unschedulability at earlier time and dynamic scheduling scheme to reduce state space. We conclude that our method can detected unschedulability earlier 50 percent unit time than Fredette's method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.229-233
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to propose the standards for dimension system for unit space of the classroom in elementary school. The curriculum of elementary school has changed. It has been reflected the architectural plan of classroom of the nationwide elementary school. However the Ministry of Education repealed the statue about the facilities of the schools on September in 1997 and the new education curriculum -the 7th curriculum- demands various activities in the classroom. So we need to another size of unit space of the classroom in elementary school because the size of unit space will affect the quality of education. This study represents that the size of unit plan is based on the size of human body, education curriculum, established day, the number limit of classroom and teaching tools. In this study, regression analysis is used to find out a part of the body-size of Korean.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.169-177
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• 2015

The study aimed to classify the types of domestic dormitory furniture, and analyze the characteristics of each furniture type based on the empirical research methodology. The study consisted of literature review and field visit followed by survey and in-depth interview. The researchers collected 140 images of furniture from the web sites of 87 universities. Using affinity diagram, the dormitory furniture was classified into four different types: single fixed type, single semi-fixed type, multi fixed type, and multi semi-fixed type. The finding showed that the use of single fixed type was dominant in the domestic dormitory room, which had competitive price and easy maintenance. Both single fixed type and multi fixed type turned out to be lack of storage space. Meanwhile, both single semi-fixed type and multi semi-fixed type got the high value on the space efficiency due to the multi function. However, these two types could only be applied to a wide space enough for the furniture to be transformed and extended. The study analyzed the main characteristics of the dormitory furniture according to the type classification, and it is expected that this empirical study could work as a medium and database for the upcoming dormitory furniture design studies.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.163-173
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• 2012

In this study, the spatial analysis of the multi-housing unit plans was investigated since 1990 for the winners at the architectural competition which was held nationwide in Germany. The investigation was carried out from January in 1990 to December in 2010. 201Unit plans were analyzed. Space syntax model is used as analyzing tool of the Unit plans. The results of the study indicate followings: 1) The interior spaces in 3LDK types and 4LDK types, ordered by high value of integration are; (1) corridor, (2) entrance hall, (3) living room, (4) dining room. 2) The value of integration for the kitchen is higher in L/DK type than in LD/K type, and that for the living room is higher in LD/K type than in L/DK type. The mean value of integration for L/DK type is higher than that for LD/K type. This means that traffic line efficiency of L/DK type is higher than that of LD/K type. 3) The value of integration for corridor and entrance hall is gradually lower in recent years. That is, the type of Unit plans are changing from corridor types to hall types.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.63-67
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• 2000

디지털 영상 저장 과정에서 일어나는 문제점은 영상 저장부 센서계의 한계로 나타낼 수 있다. 센서계의 충분하지 못한 집적도는 물리적으로 피할 수 없는 현상이다. 이러한 현상을 디지털 신호처리 기술을 적용하여 극복할 수 있다. 센서계의 한계로 인한 문제는 디지털 영상의 가장 큰 문제중의 하나이며, 이러한 한계를 극복하는 고해상도 영상 복원 방법들은 많은 학자들에 의해 제안되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는, 기존의 고해상도 영상 복원 방법들과는 달리 원영상의 공간적 고주파 성분의 특성을 분석과, 주어진 저해상도 영상들의 부화소 단위 움직임 추정 오류에 대한 분석을 통해 영상 복원과정에 이러한 분석들의 결과를 반영한다. 위에서 언급한 추정 오류는 우리에게 하나의 잡음 형태로 나타날 수 있다. 이 잡음은 추정이 이루어지는 축에 따라 그 양이 다르게 나타나게 되고, 이러한 현상은 목적이 되는 영상의 공간적 고주파 성분의 분포와 밀접한 관련이 있다. 우리는 복원 과정에 기존의 영상복원 방법중의 하나인 정규화 방법을 도입한다. 위에서 분석된 현상을 이 복원 과정에 반영하여 기존의 고해상도 영상 복원 방법보다 향상된 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 제안하는 알고리즘은 부화소 단위 움직임 추정 오류의 분석 결과를 반영하므로 이러한 추정 오류에 강한 알고리즘이다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.91-99
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• 2004

This paper proposed two transcodiing methods, which maintain the same spatio-temporal resolution and reduce a spatial resolution, to convert a H.264 video bitstream into an MPEG-4 video bitstream. When the H.264 video bitstream is transformed into the MPEG-4 video bitstream, the conversions between H.264 block types and MPEG-4 block types are performed by minimizing distortion and the ${\times}4$ block-based motion vector mapping is performed. The proposed two transcoding methods run 4.14～5.1 times as fast as the cascaded transcoding methods in MPEG-4 encoder side, while the PSNR (peak-signal-to ratio) is slightly degrade with maximum 0.3dB.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2001

Till now a lot of studies has been performed to increase the efficiency of tunnel blasting. Nevertheless there are still uncertainties of input parameter to determine the specific charge. In order to solve this problem, the rock types and the charges of 17 road tunnel sites were analyzed. As a result of these analyses an empirical formula depending on rock type and charge was developed. Through this formula rational tunnel blasting will be designed by quantitative method rather than by assumption.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.401-401
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• 2011

본 연구는 Bayesian MCMC(Markov Chain Monte Carlo)를 이용한 비정상성 빈도해석 모형에 외부기상인자를 결합하여 계절단위의 강수량을 예측하는데 목적을 두고 있으며, 그 중에서도 홍수 위험도와 관련하여 유용하게 이용될 수 있는 여름강수량을 예측 대상으로 하였다. 비정상성 빈도해석 모형을 기반으로 외부 기상인자에 의한 변동성을 고려하기 위해서는 대상 수문량을 한정할 필요가 있으며 극대치강수량과 연관성이 높은 장마전선, 태풍 등의 기상인자는 공간적 변동성 및 복합적인 특성들로 인해 예측인자를 구성하는 기상인자로 사용하기에는 무리가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 계절단위의 수문량으로 여름강수량을 대상으로 하였으며, 이에 영향을 미치는 외부 기상인자로서 SST(sea surface temperature)와 OLR(outgoing longwave radiation)을 도입하였으며, 낙동강유역 여름강수량과의 공간 상관성이 높은 지역의 이전 겨울 SST와 6월 OLR을 예측인자로 활용한 7~9월 여름강수량 예측모형을 구성하였다. 모형의 검증은 결과를 알고 있는 2010년 여름 강수량을 대상으로 수행하였으며, 모형의 적용은 현재시점에서 관측된 2010년 겨울 SST와, 과거 관측 자료를 토대로 가정된 2011년 6월 OLR을 이용하여 2011년 여름 강수량을 예측하였다. 결과적으로 모형 매개변수들의 사후분포로부터 불확실성 구간을 포함한 예측결과를 구할 수 있었다.