• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.149-163
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• 2004

Physical and chemical properties of root zone mixes and methods of green construction are important considerations for improving turf grass quality for putting greens. This study compared Penncross creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) performance as affected by three root zone construction systems with three amendments (sand, peat, and zeolite). The objective of this study was to determine if an amended California construction system would improve green performance during establishment (1998-1999) and maturation (2000-2001). Three treatments were tested: California ($100\%$ sand), USGA($90\%$ sand and $10\%$ peat, v/v), and California-Z ($85\%$ sand and $15\%$ zeolite, v/v). Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block with four replicates. Physical and chemical properties of the root zone and bentgrass performance were compared for the treatments. The California-Z treatment had the highest saturated hydraulic conductivity, field infiltration rate and the lowest bulk density. It also had the highest cation exchange capacity and plant available nutrient concentrations among the three treatments. The California-Z treatment produced bentgrass quality and color during green establishment and maturation that were equal to or higher than the California treatment, and consistently higher than the USGA treatment. The addition of an inorganic amendment to the California system improved physical and chemical properties of the root zone and improved quality and color of bentgrass during green establishment. During green maturation, creeping bentgrass in the California-Z treatment was equal (6 of 15 sampling dates) or $20\%$ higher (9 of 15 dates) in quality compared to the California system.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 2013

The Rhizoctonia blight causing by Rhizoctonia spp. is an important disease of turfgrass, requiring fungicide application to maintain acceptable conditions for turfgrass good qualities in the golf course. The experiment was conducted to determine the mean 50% effective concentration inhibiting mycelial growth ($EC_{50}$) value of to flutolanil, pyraclostrobine and hexaconazole to Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IB, Rhizoctonia cerealis and Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2IV isolated from Gyeongbuk province of Korea in vitro. Five discriminatory concentrations of each fungicide were used to detect in vitro sensitivity. The mean of $EC_{50}$ values to three systemic fungicides was the lowest isolate of R. solani AG-1 IB. However, the sensitivity of fungicides to Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2IV were higher mean $EC_{50}$ value of 0.026 ${\mu}g\;a.i.\;ml^{-1}$ of pyraclostrobine and 0.044 ${\mu}g\;a.i.\;ml^{-1}$ of flutolanil. R. cerealis was the lowest sensitivity to hexaconazole which was an average $EC_{50}$ value of 0.022 ${\mu}g\;a.i.\;ml^{-1}$. Inhibition of mycelial growth rate (%) by three combine fungicides using the $EC_{50}$ value of each fungicide was the highest R. solani AG2-2IV. Results of this study were may confirmed in vitro response fungicide of three Rhizoctonia species for control of Rhizoctonia blight in the field.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.69-75
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• 2012

In response of fungicides for control of gray snow mold, isolates of Typhula incarnata were collected from three golf courses in 2012 Yongpyeong, Korea and tested for sensitivity to propiconazole, tebuconazole and azoxystrobin fungicides. Four discriminatory concentrations were used to detect in vitro sensitivity of 50 isolates. Mean 50% effective concentration inhibiting mycelial growth ($EC_{50}$) values for tebuconazole was the lowest among the three fungicides. The $EC_{50}$ value of tebuconazole ranged from 0.0005 ${\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ to 0.014 ${\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ with a mean of 0.0048 ${\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$. The mean $EC_{50}$ values of propiconazole in triazole family was 0.5825 (0.78-1.651) ${\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$. $EC_{50}$ value of azoxystrobin ranged from 0.0017 ${\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ to 0.131 ${\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ with a mean of 0.0278 ${\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$. There was no correlation among $EC_{50}$ values for propiconazole, azoxystrobin and tebuconazole indicating no cross-resistance relationships with each other. Results of this study were confirmed no resistance isolates in vitro sensitivity of T. incarnata of three fungicides in Yongpyeong.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.237-242
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• 2011

The 2011 Japanese Society of Turfgrass Science was divided in oral presentation, sectional meeting and small symposium, and the total 55 subject was announced. The oral presentation was reported physiological ecology of turf, disease and weed; field management; pesticidal activity and spectrum of new turf pesticides. Above all, there was presentation that investigated control method of necrotic ring spot of new turf disease and Cyperus brevifolius, annual bluegrass and mouse-ear chickweed. In addition, the control effect of new registration fungicide (Furametpyr) and herbicides (S-metolachlor, Flucetosulfuron and Foramsulfuron) were announced. There was various information interchange through 4 kinds of subjects of a golf course, ground turf, a urban park greens and ground cover plants greening by the sectional meeting, and the genetic resource of turfgrass discussed by small symposium. Specially, park greens sectional meeting was announced about the radioactive material contaminated on mechanism and effectively removal method of the radioactivity contaminant from public park, school ground and domestic lawn.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.177-183
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• 2011

The susceptibility of cultivars of three bentgrass species (creeping, colonial, and velvet bentgrass) was evaluated on detached leaves assays with pink snow mold 9 isolates caused by Microdochum nivale in Petri dishes and whole plants under controlled conditions. The pink snow mold isolates obtained from infected turfgrasses on golf courses in Wisconsin were tested on response of fungicides and temperature. Detached leaf assay and susceptibility of bentgrass cultivars were evaluated with potted adult seeding during 80 days. Nine isolates were susceptible to two fungicides and were significantly different among isolates. Mycelial growth was varied in response of temperatures among isolates. There were significant differences in development and colonization of the fungus on detached leaf assay among bentgrass species include culvitars. There were significant differences on whole plants in disease severities among the three bentgrass species, particularly between tetraploids (creeping and colonial) and diploid (velvet) species, and among cultivars within each species, indicating that there are varying levels of susceptibility in species and cultivars to M. nivale. This study could be applied to evaluate the susceptibility of bentgrass to pink snow mold and also to predict a prospective evaluation of bentgrass cultivars to pink snow mold in fields in a breeding program.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the mixture ratio of soil amendments blended with coco peat (Coco) and American soldier fly cast (SFC) on the physicochemical properties on the sand green. pH and EC of soil were significantly related to mixture ratio of SFC, Mix1, Mix2 and Mix3. Capillary porosity, air-capillary porosity and total porosity of root zone mixed SFC, Coco, Mix1, Mix2 and Mix3 were met to the USGA green specification. The mixture ratios of Mix1 and Mix2 in root zone were positively related capillary porosity and total porosity, and air-capillary porosity was negatively related capillary porosity and hydraulic conductivity. Capillary porosity of Mix1, Mix2 and Mix3 blended SFC and Coco was affected by SFC and Coco, and total porosity by Coco. These results showed that soil amendments blended SFC and Coco was developed capillary porosity and hydraulic conductivity on the USGA sand green than these of SFC.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.2693-2696
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• 2003

The national standard physique research of Korea is being conducted every 5-6 year term after its first research was started in 1979, the fourth research was conducted in 1997. The result of the national physique research was reflected in manufactured goods design of allied industries such as clothing, shoes, furniture. In this thesis, we measured anthropometry value for every bodily figurative classification after dividing users according to gender, age, bodily figure using the result of the national standard physique research. We constructed 3D character through the process of analyzing interrelation of measured anthropometry and measuring representative category. For the process for organization, we measured anthropometry which can express sports action of golf, tennis and etc effectively. We made it by Presenting measurement which is able to form each type of 3D character after the category was decided. Quantitative and objective valuation for posture and action became possible by developing visible information offer and posture action analysis protocol in theoretical approach for analysis of posture and action in sports.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.73-81
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• 2001

Soil cement has been the typical material for the pavement and soft ground improvement. It has not been used up to date because that quality control is not easy and durability is not long enough for practical application. Since environmental influence is important, the application of high strength soil cement pavement has been increased for pedestrian roads of the garden, golf courses and sidewalks recently. In this study, the reference table was suggested for mixing design with appling statistical experimental technique to reference table. The reference table showed the relationship among improved strength, Soilcrete stabilizer, fine sand ratio and superplasticizer agent. The objective soil used in this study was the soft marine clay that is widely found in Korea, the compressive strength range of improved soil was between $50{\sim}150kg/cm^2$.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2008

Toll-gate in highways often received the pollution impact from transportation/vehicular activities. Thus, concentrated pollutants carried by stormwater runoff are directed to nearby streams affecting the water quality and ecosystem. In order to determine the environmental impact on nearby waterbodies and predict the future impact by stormwater runoff, the unit pollutant loads from various landuses are really important. This research was performed to characterize the stormwater runoff and to provide the unit loads from Toll-gate landuses in Korea. The monitoring was conducted at toll gate locating in Gaeryoung City during 2006-2007. The water quality parameters including TSS, COD, DOC, TN, and TP were analyzed and also the flow rates were measured during the monitoring. In this paper, EMCs will be calculated by using the monitored water quality concetraions and flow rates, which will be used to determine the unit pollutant loads from the toll-gate of highway.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.134-140
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• 2003

The national standard physique research of Korea is being conducted every 5∼6 year term after its first research was started 1979, the fourth research was conducted in 1997. The result of the national physique research was reflected in manufactured goods design of allied industries such as clothing , shoes, furniture. In this thesis, we measured anthropometry value for every bodily figurative classification after dividing users according to gender, age, bodily figure using the result of the national standard physique research. We constructed 3D character through the process of analyzing interrelation of measured anthropometry and measuring representative category. For the process for organization, we measured anthropometry which can express sports action of golf, tennis and etc effectively. We made it by presenting measurement which is able to form each type of 3D character after the category was decided. Quantitative and objective valuation for posture and action became possible by developing visible information offer and posture action analysis protocol in theoretical approach for analysis for analysis of posture and action in sports.