• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.159-164
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• 2014

These days, inexpensive and high efficiency UAV of disaster prevention and spatial information has been given more attention. But studies about test of accuracy of UAV were not enough despite high interest. This research produced DSM and ortho photo and estimated accuracy by comparing coordinates with GNSS survey to evaluate outcome of fixed wing UAV. The ortho photo was found to make use of it to update 1/1,000 map. This research investigated spatial information construction using existing terrestrial LiDAR to suggest effectiveness of fixed wing UAV.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.16-23
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• 2021

Domestic and foreign manufacturers are developing VTOL UASs in various shapes in line with demand for future technologies. UASs have been developed in a shape classified as fixed/rotary wing, and verified by appropriate certification standards. However, airworthiness certification of recent VTOL UASs is strict with the absence of VTOL-specific certification standards. In this paper, criteria applicable to VTOL UAS were presented through analysis of STANAG-4671 and STANAG-4702, which are certification standards for fixed/rotary wing UAS of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Special Condition for VTOL Aircraft (SC-VTOL) of European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). For this, the categorization criteria of general/fixed-wing/VTOL characteristics were established for each standard item and utilized for analysis.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2019

In this paper, the performance of a small fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle is predicted theoretically with the minimum specifications and a low Reynolds number. Based on the results, it was compared with the results of an actual flight test and simple electric motor wind tunnel test. As a result of the validity of the analysis, a 3.5 kilograms class fixed wing small UAV can predict aerodynamic performance by general theory analysis. However, the required thrust was analyzed as a possible design error. Based on the results of this study, this paper proposed a method to minimize the design error when developing small fixed wing UAV flying in a low Reynolds number.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.527-533
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• 2015

This study performed an on-site demonstration of the topographic surveying technique at a large-scale open-pit limestone mine in Korea using a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV, Drone, SenseFly eBee). 288 sheets of aerial photos were taken by an automatic flight for 30 minutes under conditions of 300 m altitude and 12 m/s speed. Except for 37 aerial photos in which no keypoint was detected, 251 aerial photos were utilized for data processing including correction and matching, then an orthomosaic image and digital surface model with 7 cm grid spacing could be generated. A comparison of the X, Y, Z-coordinates of 4 ground control points measured by differential global positioning system and those determined by fixed-wing UAV photogrammetry revealed that the root mean squared errors were around 15 cm. Because the fixed-wing UAV has relatively longer flight time and larger coverage area than rotary-wing UAVs, it can be effectively utilized in large-scale open-pit mines as a topographic surveying tool.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.47 no.7
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• pp.499-507
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• 2019

Despite the well-known mathematical model of fixed-wing aircraft, there are various studies to meet desired performances by considering the modeling errors in the extended flight envelope. This paper proposes a new adaptation mechanism of model-reference adaptive control, which applies the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to the pitch attitude control of fixed-wing UAV. In addition, reference model in the adaptation law is set by referring to the dynamic properties of the plant model. The performance of the proposed adaptive control law is verified through simulations and flight tests.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.541-550
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• 2021

While open-air compost has value as a source of nutrients for crops in agricultural land, it acts as a pollution that adversely affects the environment during rainfall, and management is required. In this study, it was intended to analyze the accuracy of calculating open-air compost volume using fixed-wing UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) capable of acquiring a wide range of images and automatic path flights and to identify the possibility of utilization. In order to evaluate the accuracy of calculating the three open-air compost volume, ground LiDAR surveys and precision surveys using a rotary UAV were performed. and compared with the open-air compost volume acquired through a fixed-wing UAV. As a result of comparing the calculation of open-air compost volume based on the ground LiDAR, the error rate of the rotary-wing was estimated to be ±5%, and the error rate of fixed-wing was -15 ~ -4%. one of three open-air compost volume calculated by fixed-wing was underestimated as about -15 %, but the deviation of the open-air compost volume was 2.9 m3, which was not significant. In addition, as a result of periodic monitoring of open-air compost using fixed-wing UAV, changes in the volume of open-air compost with time could be confirmed. These results suggested that efficient open-air compost monitoring and non-point pollutants in agricultural for a wide range using fixed-wing UAV is possible.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.207-212
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• 2010

This paper presents a spiral descending path and a landing guidance law for net-recovery of a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle. The net-recovery landing flight is divided into two phases. In the first phase, a spiral descending path is designed from an arbitrary initial position to a final approaching waypoint toward the recovery net. The flight path angle is controlled to be aligned to the approaching direction at the end of the spiral descent. In the second phase, the aircraft is guided from the approaching waypoint to the recovery net using a pseudo pursuit landing guidance law. Six degree-of-freedom simulation is performed to verify the performance of the proposed landing guidance law.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2016

Recently, many studies have been conducted to use fixed-wing and rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, Drones) for topographic surveying in open-pit mines. Because the fixed-wing and rotary-wing UAVs have different characteristics such as flight height, speed, time and performance of mounted cameras, their results of topographic surveying at a same site need to be compared. This study selected a construction site in Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea as a study area and compared the topographic surveying results from a fixed-wing UAV (SenseFly eBee) and a popular rotary-wing UAV (DJI Phantom2 Vision+). As results of data processing for aerial photos taken from eBee and Phantom2 Vision+, orthomosaic images and digital surface models with about 4 cm grid spacing could be generated. Comparisons of the X, Y, Z-coordinates of 7 ground control points measured by differential global positioning system and those determined by eBee and Phantom2 Vision+ revealed that the root mean squared errors of X, Y, Z-coordinates were around 10 cm, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.183-188
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• 2017

As the price of small UAVs is getting cheaper and its controllability is getting greatly increased, many aerial applications using both fixed-wing and hoverable UAVs have appeared in recent years. In this paper, a new aerial advertising method is proposed using four hoverable UAVs. Using the UAV swarm control method, four UAVs are maneuvered to carry a $7.07{\times}7.07m^2$ square banner along collision-free and predefined waypoints for aerial advertising. According to simulation results, it takes about 270 s for UAVs to perform aerial advertising in $669{\times}669m^2$ size area and the minimum distance among UAVs turns out to be 0.45 m which proves there is no any collision. Due to abrupt direction changes of UAVs along the predefined waypoints, UAVs cannot always maintain exact square formation and it results the maximum and minimum side lengths of square formation to be 10.35 m and 1.96 m, respectively. Also, the maximum and minimum diagonal lengths of square formation turn out to be 14.75 m and 2.78 m, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.471-474
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• 2006

GPS수신기는 항법센서로서 여러 분야에서 널리 사용되고 있다. 단일 안테나 GPS수신기로부터 일반적으로 위치와 속도 및 시간 정보를 얻을 수 있다. 그러나 고정익 항공기의 운동 특성을 고려하여 단일 안테나 GPS수신기의 측정치로부터 무인항공기의 자세를 추정할 수 있다. 이로써 단일안테나 GPS수신기를 이용하여 무인항공기의 자동 제어가 가능함을 이전 논문에서 보인 바 있다. 본 논문에서는 단일 안테나 GPS수신기를 무인항공기의 기본 센서로 사용하여 자동 이착륙이 가능함을 비행실험을 통해 보인다. 무인항공기의 반응속도와 강건성을 향상시키기 위해 rate gyros의 각속도 측정치를 이용한다. 또한 활주로에 자동착륙하기 위해서는 높은 정확도의 위치 정보가 필요하므로 DGPS를 이용하였다. 비행 실험 동안 무인항공기는 이륙에서 착륙까지 모든 과정을 자동 제어로 수행한다. 대부분 비행은 경로 제어로 이루어진다. 비행 실험 결과를 바탕으로 단일안테나 GPS수신기가 General Aviation 항공기나 무인항공기의 백업이나 저가의 제어 시스템을 위한 주 센서로서 사용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.