• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.177-186
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• 2021

This study examined the effects of the firm characteristics of the manufacturing industry on the female employment ratio. Three hypotheses regarding female employment ratio, were tested for 5,729 firms that could use financial data among the firms listed on the KOSPI from 2011 to 2019, in terms firm size, listing period, and foreign ownership. Follwing the analyses, three hypotheses were mostly adopted. It was found that as the size firm and foreign ownership ratio increased, the female employment ratio increased in the number of regular and permanent contract employees, fixed-term employees, and total employees. As for the listing period, the higher the value, the lower the female employment ratio in the number of regular and permanent contract employees, fixed-term employees, and total employees. These research results may be used as basic data for gender equal employment policies such as Affirmative Atcion for Gender Equal Employment.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-26
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• 2013

The objectives of this paper are to analyze the effect of government R&D expenditure on employment in the Korean manufacturing sector in which employment is rapidly declining. According to the results of our empirical analysis, government R&D expenditure decreases the level of employment in Korean manufacturing sector in short term period, but it has positive effect on employment by compensation effect in the middle and long term period. Second, the effect of private R&D expenditure on job creation is three times larger than that of government R&D expenditure. Third, costs of labor and capital has negative effect on employment. This study is believed to help understanding the relation between R&D expenditure and employment, and providing policy implications of how to plan and manage government R&D expenditure as a tool of job creation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.541-549
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• 2015

Research about U.S. and European countries demonstrated that startups and young firms account for nearly all net job creation. If we want to bring down unemployment and to increase economic growth rate, we need to create new companies and to make them to grow. Credit availability is one of the most important factors for entrepreneurs as they attempt to start or expand a business. For young firms, access to credit for business growth can mean the difference between survival and failure. Equity crowdfunding is an innovative means of raising capital for businesses. Crowdfunding campaigns can give new business access to a large pool of investors. This brings huge benefits for marketing and increase provability of success of business and ROI, so it leads follow-on investment from Venture Capital and Angel investors. In Korea, the survival rate of startups and average growth rate of survivors is far lower than those of the U.S or other countries due to lack of funds for startup or early business growth. Equity crowdfunding can be a new funding source for venture or startups. It can increase startup and survival rate, in addition to the growth rate of survivors, resulting in decreased unemployment rate. In Korea, Equity crowdfunding will be available from 2016. Further study is needed to determine whether the impact of crowdfunding in Korea on job creation will be similar to its impact in the U.S.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.411-418
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• 2021

In order to experimentally investigate the effect of Ni or Cu addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of high Si Solution Strengthened Ferritic Ductile cast Iron (SSF DI), a series of lab-scale sand casting experiment were conducted by changing initial concentration of Ni up to 3.0wt% or Cu up to 0.9wt% in the alloy. It was found that increase in Ni or Cu content in the alloy leads to increase in strength properties and hardness as well as decrease in ductility. The higher Ni or Cu content the SSF DI has, the higher fraction of pearlite was observed. At similar levels of Ni or Cu contents in the alloy, higher pearlite area fraction was observed in the Cu-containing SSF DI than that in the Ni-containing SSF DI. When the effect of the microstructure on the mechanical properties of Ni-containing SSF DI was considered, Ni-containing SSF DI was found to have excellent strength and hardness as well as good elongation when the pearlite fraction was controlled less than 10%. As the pearlite fraction in the Ni-containing SSF DI exceeds 10%, however, it shows drastic decrease in elongation. Meanwhile, gradual increase in strength and hardness, and decrease in elongation with respect to increase in pearlite fraction were observed in Cu-containing SSF DI. The different microstructure-mechanical property relationships between Ni-containing and Cu-containing SSF DI were due to the combined effect of the relatively weak pearlite stabilizing effect of Ni compared to that of Cu in high Si SSF DI, and matrix strengthening effect caused by the different amounts of those alloying elements required for similar pearlite fraction.

• The Safety technology
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• no.198
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• pp.16-17
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• 2014

지난해 산업재해율은 2012년과 동일한 0.59%를 기록했다. 2006년(0.77%) 이후 6년 연속 감소하던 재해율이 주춤하긴 했으나 2012년 사상 처음으로 0.6%대를 돌파한 이후 그 성과를 유지했다는 점에서 긍정적인 평가를 내릴 만하다. 지난해 연초부터 화학물질 누출, 붕괴 사고 등 대형재해가 빈발하면서 재해율이 크게 상승할 것이라는 우려가 있었지만 노 사 민 정 모두가 강한 재해예방 의지를 갖고 안전활동을 전개하면서 0.5%대를 유지하게 된 것이다. 하지만 내면을 들여다보면 여전히 문제점들이 발견된다. 특히 업종별로 건설업 재해가 지속적인 증가추세에 있고, 55세 이상 연령층의 재해자수가 늘어나는 등 안전관리체계의 부실점이 나타난 것이다. 이에 본지는 김규석 고용노동부 산업안전과 과장을 만나 문제점을 개선하기 위해 정부가 추진 중인 방안을 들어봤다.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2015

It is Korea Employment Agency for the Disabled that is facilities providing assistive technology services for supported employment since 2004's. This center have one central organization and 18 branch offices. The need of this service through satisfaction research of the demand is confirmed by precedent study Therefore foundation of assistive technology center for supported employment should be required by demand analysis because of improving professional and providing 'qualitative' services instead of 'quantitative' ones. So assistive technology center for supported employment can resolve a problem about various needs for increasing disabled population. Demand of establishing this center has been researched.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.453-459
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• 1997

용탕단조법에 의해 제조된 Mg-9AI-2Zn 합금을 미세조직관찰, 미소경도측정, 인장시험 등을 행하여 시효거동과 기계적 성질을 조사하였다. 용탕에 가압을 한 결과 주조결함이 제거된 미세한 주조조직을 얻었으며 미세조직은 초정 $\alpha$(Mg 고용체), 과포화고용체 $\alpha$상 및 $\beta$(Mg$_{17}$AI$_{12}$)화합물의 3가지 상으로 구성되어 있었다. 16$0^{\circ}C$및 20$0^{\circ}C$에서 시효열처리한 결과 $\beta$석출물에 의한 피크 경도값이 나타났으며 피크경도에서의 석출물의 형태는 lamella 형태의 불연속 석출물이 대부분이었고 과시효에 따라 불연속석출물의 조대화와 함께 연속석출물의 분율이 증가하였다. 용탕단조방법에 의해 제조된 Mg-9AI-2Zn 합금의 인장특성은 인장강도 261.4MPa, 연산율 7.6%로서 상용 AZ 92 합금보다 인장강도 및 연신율에서 우수한 기계적 성질을 가졌는데 이는 Zn의 고용강화 및 용탕의 가압에 의한 효과였다.다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.5-21
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the employment policy for persons with disabilities on their employment rates. The subjects were 10 OECD counties of which policies are based on quotas or the prohibition of discrimination. The time-series data for the analysis were collected for 12 years from 2000 to 2011. A Panel-Corrected Standard Error(PCSE) analysis was conducted for the time-series cross-sectional data of this study. As a result, unemployment rates, proportions of persons with disabilities, and public expenditures on disability and sickness benefits(in % GDP) were statistically significant among control variables, while the coverages of discrimination prohibition and the types of delivery systems of vocational rehabilitation for persons with disabilities among the employment policy variables. The wider the coverages of discrimination prohibition are, the higher the employment rates of the disabled are. In addition, the employment rates of the disabled are higher in countries with specialized delivery systems for vocational rehabilitation than in countries with general delivery systems for vocational rehabilitation.

• 월간산업보건
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• s.296
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• pp.52-56
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• 2012

산업안전보건의 규제에 대해서는 상반된 의견이 있다. 일부 사람들은 작업장의 규제가 기업의 경쟁력을 약화시키고 일자리를 없앤다고 하고, 다른 사람들은 규제가 사업주나 근로자에게 최소의 비용으로 작업장을 안전하게 지킨다고 주장한다. 저자들은 산업안전 감독이 산재율과 다른 결과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 보기 위해 통상적인 현장 감독을 분석했다. 무작위로 선정되어 감독을 실시한 409개의 캘리포니아 소재 기업과 감독대상이지만 감독을 실시하지 않은 동수의 기업을 대조군으로 선정하여 분석했다. 대조군에 비해 감독을 받은 기업은 재해율이 9.4%(95% 신뢰구간: -0.177~-0.021) 감소했고, 사고관련 비용은 26%(95% 신뢰 구간: -0.513~-0.083)가 감소했다. 저자들은 이러한 개선이 고용, 판매, 신뢰지수 및 기업의 생존의 희생 댓가로 얻어졌다는 증거는 찾지 못했다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.297-320
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• 2005

This study was attempted to give aids in making 'the Disability Discrimination Act' by estimating the potential Cost-Benefit in case that the discrimination on the disabled is removed. The potential benefits from this Disability Discrimination Act are calculated considering the income increase of the people with disabilities from additional employment for them and the decrease of employment levies and the public assistance benefits. The potential cost was made focusing on the following 2 expenses- the extra expenditures that the owners of companies had to invest from the employment of the disabled and the managing expenses for correcting discrimination organizations. As the result of this estimation, the potential net present value under the 7% discount rate is very high as 12,700,301 million won and the cost-benefit ratio is also great as 96.8. The consequence of the sensitive analysis in changing the discount rate also does not have great changes. As the result of these estimating results, it is known that when the discrimination is solved by the 'Disability Discrimination Act', the pure benefit of our society will become tremendous. After all, it could be said that the need for 'the Disability Discrimination Act' is emphasized and should be emphasized.