• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.39-49
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyzed that the perceived price and VMD fitness of the SPA(speciality store retailer of Private label Apparel) brand characteristics impacts on multidimensional commitment consist of affective commitment, calculative commitment and behavioral commitment. Using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 by structural equation modeling analysis, we found that perceived price have effects on affective commitment, behavioral commitment and calculative commitment significantly, and VMD fitness have effects affective commitment significant only. Affective commitment and calculative commitment on behavioral commitment was affected significantly. Through this study we found that perceived price and VMD fitness SPA brand maintaining relationships between the consumer and the seller are an important factors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.541-557
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identifies services characteristics such as service customization, service ability, service empathy impacts on trust, affective commitment and calculative commitment, and explains causal role of affective commitment and calculative commitment by verifies relationships between trust and affective commitment and calculative commitment and customer loyalty in dental service setting. Analysis of structural equation modeling with SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 16.0 were performed to test the research hypothesis. The result of the study as follows: First, it was found that service customization had effect on affective commitment, and service ability had influence on trust, and service empathy impacts on both trust and affective commitment, but calculative commitment was not found to significant path coefficients in relationships with service characteristics. Second, trust had effects on calculative commitment, but not affective commitment. Third, affective commitment and calculative commitment positively had influence on customer loyalty. Therefore, Dental service providers should be increase user confidence by showing empathy and the ability to service. Customer who had formed trust is to build customer loyalty by inducing loyalty directly or by presents a variety of benefits indirectly. The high emotional attachment customer will have to present a suitable marketing strategies to build strong customer loyalty.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.161-182
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• 2005

This paper reports on a study testing a model that articulates factors affecting duration of the relationship between exporters and importers. The model posits that affective commitment and calculative commitment influence duration of the relationship. Affective commitment of an importer toward an exporter is hypothesized to be predicted by social satisfaction, which in turn may be predicted by cultural familiarity, perceived similarity, and credibility. In contrast, calculative commitment is hypothesized to be predicted by economic satisfaction, which in turn may be predicted by opportunism and relationship performance. A survey of importers was conducted to test the model. The study results provided support for most of the hypotheses. Theoretical and managerial implications of the study results are discussed too.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.110-135
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a mileage program on consumers' negative emotions and behavior when the program failed. To accomplish the purpose of this study, the failures in mileage programs were classified into three types(refusal, delay, reduced advantages) with two types of customers' commitment(affective and calculative), and an experimental design was used to verify the effect of customers' negative emotions on their negative behavior when the programs fail. A total of 600 university students in Seoul and Pusan areas were surveyed from 1st of Sept. to 30th in 2009. The result suggests that both consumers with affective commitment and those with calculative commitment felt negative emotions(regret, disappointment) when a mileage program failed. Consumers with affective commitment to a company are expected to give negative words of mouth to others. Also, consumers with calculative commitment to a company are expected to complain and give negative words of mouth to others.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.129-144
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• 2014

This study is to examine the effect of mutualistic benevolence, altruistic benevolence, and communication on affective commitment, calculative commitment, and switching intentions and investigate how two commitment dimensions play mediating roles between two benevolence constructs and communication, and switching intentions. For these purposes the author developed a structural model which consists of several constructs. In this model, benevolence factor that consists of mutualistic benevolence and altruistic benevolence, and communication were proposed to affect two commitment constructs and result in, increase switching intentions. Thus, two commitment constructs(e.g., affective and calculative commitment) were proposed as core mediating variables between mutualistic benevolence, altruistic benevolence, and communication, and switching intentions. The data were collected from 210 automobile parts buyers and were analyzed using frequency, reliability, and confirmatory factor analysis and SEM (structural equation model) with SPSS/WIN 20.0 and AMOS 20.0. The data were analyzed with structural equation modeling with AMOS 20.0 and SPSS Win/PC 20.0. The result of the overall model analysis appeared as follows: ${\chi}2=224.885$, d.f=123(${\chi}2/df=1.828$), p=0.000, GFI=.898, AGFI=.859, IFI=.967, NFI=.930, TLI=.958, RMSEA=.063, CFI=.966. Since the result of the overall model analysis demonstrated a good fit, we could further analyze our data. The findings can be summarized as follows: According to structural equation modeling analysis, firstly, mutualistic benevolence has direct effects on calculate commitment and affective commitment. Secondly, altruistic benevolence has a positively direct effect on calculate commitment. Thirdly, communication has a statistically direct effect on affective commitment. Fourthly, calculative commitment has direct effects on affective commitment and switching intentions. Lastly, affective commitment has a direct effect on switching intentions.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.31-66
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• 2009

This study investigates the effects of supervisors' leadership style on franchisees' trust and commitment in a franchise system. We classified leadership into two styles - transformational leadership vs. transactional leadership, and it was hypothesized and tested that these two leadership styles have differential effects on trust and two different types of commitment - calculative commitment vs. affective commitment. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the data and a total number of 184 Korean franchisees in diverse industries participated to the survey. Using a structural equation modeling, we confirmed some differential effects of the two leadership styles. Transformational leadership was found to have positive effects on franchisees' trust in and affective commitment to the franchisor, while it has no effects on calculative commitment. On the other hand, transactional leadership was positively related to calculative commitment to the franchisor. But it had no effects on trust and affective commitment. Meanwhile, we also found that trust positively affects on both types of commitment. The results of this study suggest that the quality of franchisor-franchisee relationships can be improved by supervisor's strong leadership, especially by transformational leadership, and that transformational leadership, when compared to transactional leadership, is more important for developing a long-term and stable franchisor-franchisee relationship.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.318-325
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• 2010

This study is to examine loyalty building model which reflected differentiated traits of professional service to establish strong loyalty for gaining competitive edge. Professional service is where consumer can not easily predict the result of service as well as other common traits. It also has trait that is difficult to evaluate service satisfaction and quality even after using the service because knowledge imbalance between service provider and user is great. Therefore, in professional service, satisfaction and emotion that consumer perceives in the service use process will play critical role in loyalty formation. As a result, the model of this study divided dimension into responsiveness satisfaction which is satisfaction dimension of professional service use process, interaction satisfaction, technical satisfaction and structurally examined the relationship between emotional commitment and cognitive commitment and the relationship between dimension of commitment and loyalty. The analysis result show that dimension of satisfaction which perceived in professional service use process increases both emotional commitment and cognitive commitment and these commitments effect to loyalty formation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.306-322
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to inquire into the effect of characteristics of public enterprise CEOs' leadership (transforming leadership and transactional leadership) on the leader trust and organizational effectiveness of organizational members. A survey was made on 1,124 persons being in the service of 14 marketable and quasimarketable public enterprises. The results of this study were as follows. First, it showed that the individualized consideration had an effect on the confidence level of leader. Second, it showed that the transforming and transactional leaderships had an effect on the organizational effectiveness, which the hypothesis was adopted. Third, it showed that calculable, intellectual and identical factors had a positive effect on the job satisfaction and organizational commitment, but the organizational commitment of calculable variable was rejected in the confidence level. In general, the effect of transforming and transactional leaderships as public enterprise CEOs' leadership characteristics on the organizational effectiveness by mutual confidence level of calculable, intellectual and identical standards showed that the organizational commitment was rejected in the base of identification. And other factors were adopted as a positive mechanism, which they were a mechanism suitable to public enterprise CEOs' leadership characteristics.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.225-235
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• 2013

Recently, in order to promote their marketing promotion, the entrepeneurs attach importance to many SNS services and execute it. The representative elements of the SNS service are interactivity, information offering. This study analyzes empirical effects on the SNS service depending on the Relationship Commitment and shows the strategies to enlarge the use frequency and the On-line Word-of-Mouth. The conclusion of this study shows that the Interactivity has a higher positive effects on Affective Commitment than those on information offering and Information offering has stronger positive effects on calculative commitment than interactivity. Also, these effects enlarge the high use frequency more than the low use frequency. This study also shows that the information offering affect the On-line Word-of-Mouth more positively than the Interactivity. And this study shows that SNS service affects the positive effects on the relationship commitment rather than the On-line Word-of-Mouth. Based on the results, the practical implications are offered.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.341-350
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• 2013

Recently, in order to promote their marketing promotion, the entrepeneurs attach importance to many SNS(Social Network Service)and execute it. The representative elements of the SNS service are interactivity, information offering. This study analyzes empirical effects on the SNS Marketing Features in Domesic Enterprise The conclusion of this study shows that the Interactivity has a higher positive effects on Affective Commitment than those on information offering and Information offering has stronger positive effects on calculative commitment than interactivity. Also, these effects enlarge the high use frequency more than the low use frequency. This study also shows that the information offering affect the On-line Word-of-Mouth more positively than the Interactivity. And this study shows that SNS affects the positive effects on the relationship commitment rather than the On-line Word-of-Mouth. Based on the results, the practical implications are offered.