• Korean Security Journal
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• no.11
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• pp.37-60
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• 2006

The area of security service has been maintaining the high growth curve annually by improving security consciousness from increase of the income and the progress of public services's level by the accomplishment in the info-communication field, recently the demand for unmanned security system is extended form commercial purposes into public offices and individual's houses. In addition to, the possible distance of offering services is scheduled to magnify. At the period when security company's influence has been becoming significant, the injustice transaction is the serious factor which obstructs the development of security companies. Therefore, it is urgent thing to devise counterplans to extirpate injustice transactions. There are the legalistic approaches of the breakthroughs against injustice transactions. One thing is settling the standard of the judgment and the other is renovating the provision of injustice transactions. Utilizing the principles of the fair competitions and importing self-obedience programs within the range of trade actions which is permitted by law, acted as the system approach. Moreover, there are such three things which can achieve mutual balances as establishing the range of the permitted action toward business corporations, applying spontaneously the fair competition principles and introducing the system of standard agreements. Gong further, this can establish order of security service areas and control them. Besides, it is possible for every organizations to make and operate the system appropriately by importing the self-observance system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.119-120
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• 2022

본 연구는 국가중요시설의 청사 내에 근무하는 청사보안과 안전유지, 질서유지를 담당하는 방호직 공무원에게 발생하는 다양한 민원인 불량행동의 유형과 국가중요시설에서 일어나는 각 유형에 맞는 민원인 불량행동에 대한 개선방안을 효율적으로 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이에 인터뷰를 통해 국가중요시설에서 근무하는 방호직공무원이 느끼는 민원인 불량행동이 어떠한 유형으로 있는지 조사하였고 개별면담을 통해 나타난 대표적인 민원인 불량행동의 유형들은 첫째, 국가중요시설 내에서 큰 소리를 지르고 욕설을 하는 언어폭력형 둘째, 각 국가기관 및 지자체의 국가중요시설에서 서비스 업무수행 과정 중 다른 타 민원인이 있음에도 본인 자신의 이익과 편의를 위해 행해지는 행위를 하는 이기주의형 셋째, 각 국가중요시설의 규정 및 내규가 있음에도 규정된 규칙을 무시하고 따르지 않는 규칙위반형 등이 있다. 이에 따라 각 유형별 민원인 불량행동에 대한 개선방안 항목들로 첫째, 방호직공무원 교육의 체계화, 둘째, 민원인을 응대할 수 있는 기관의 내규 및 규칙, 셋째, 민원인에게 겪는 스트레스를 해소할 수 있는 환경을 제시하였다.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze any hinderance factors for successful attending system of Korean National Assembly and to provide improvement plans of legal systems to ensure security of National Assembly. First, the conceptualization and functions of Korean National Assembly attending system were discussed and related regulations and laws were also examined. Second, hinderance factors, such as sharp increase in 1) illegal behaviors, 2) bring in prohibited items, and 3) possibility of National Assembly terror, for successful attending systems were analysed. Third, improvements of legal system for security enhancement of National Assembly Attending System were discussed: 1) new legislation for providing National Assembly's security officers with special judicial police power is needed to deal with criminal behaviors and to protect human rights, and 2) legal reforms are required to provide right to command to National Assembly's Security Planning Office rather than National Assembly security office under Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency in order to unify commanding system.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.39
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• pp.185-215
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• 2014

Since North Korea has used terror crime as a means of unification under communism against South Korea, South Korea has been much damaged until now. And the occurrence possibility of terror crime by North Korean authority is now higher than any other time. The North Korean terror crimes of Kim Il Sung era had been committed by the dictator's instruction with the object of securing governing fund. However, looking at the terror crimes committed for decades during Kim Jung Il authority, it is revealed that these terror crimes are expressed as a criminal behavior because of the conflict to accomplish the power and economic advantage non powerful groups target. This study focused on the power conflict in various causes of terror crimes by applying George B. Vold(1958)'s theory which explained power conflict between groups became a factor of crime, and found the aspect by ages of terror crime behavior by North Korean authority and responding plan to future North Korean terror crime. North Korean authority high-ranking officials were the Labor Party focusing on Juche Idea for decades in Kim Il Sung time. Afterwards, high-ranking officials were formed focusing on military authorities following Military First Policy at the beginning of Kim Jung Il authority, rapid power change has been done for recent 10 years. To arrange the aspect by times of terror crime following this power change, alienated party executives following the support of positive military first authority by Kim Jung Il after 1995 could not object to forcible terror crime behavior of military authority, and 1st, 2nd Yeongpyeong maritime war which happened this time was propelled by military first authority to show the power of military authority. After 2006, conservative party union enforced censorship and inspection on the trade business and foreign currency-earning of military authority while executing drastic purge. The shooting on Keumkangsan tourists that happened this time was a forcible terror crime by military authority following the pressure of conservative party. After October, 2008, first military reign union executed the launch of Gwanmyungsung No.2 long-range missile, second nuclear test, Daechung marine war, and Cheonanham attacking terror in order to highlight the importance and role of military authority. After September 2010, new reign union went through severe competition between new military authority and new mainstream and new military authority at this time executed highly professionalized terror crime such as cyber/electronic terror unlike past military authority. After July 2012, ICBM test launch, third nuclear test, cyber terror on Cheongwadae homepage of new mainstream association was the intention of Km Jung Eun to display his ability and check and adjust the power of party/military/cabinet/ public security organ, and he can attempt the unexpected terror crime in the future. North Korean terror crime has continued since 1980s when Kim Jung Il's power succession was carried out, and the power aspect by times has rapidly changed since 1994 when Kim Il Sung died and the terror crime became intense following the power combat between high-ranking officials and power conflict for right robbery. Now South Korea should install the specialized department which synthesizes and analyzes the information on North Korean high-ranking officials and reinforce the comprehensive information-collecting system through the protection and management of North Korean defectors and secret agents in order to determine the cause of North Korean terror crime and respond to it. And South Korea should participate positively in the international collaboration related to North Korean terror and make direct efforts to attract the international agreement to build the international cooperation for the response to North Korean terror crime. Also, we should try more to arrange the realistic countermeasure against North Korean cyber/electronic terror which was more diversified with the expertise terror escaping from existing forcible terror through enactment/revision of law related to cyber terror crime, organizing relevant institute and budget, training professional manpower, and technical development.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.37
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• pp.51-82
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• 2013

Traffic safety has been dramatically enhanced thanks to recent improvements in traffic environment. Nonetheless, many traffic accidents occur due to unchanging driving practices. Therefore, this study addresses the issues of traffic fine and penalty fine policies, and seek appropriate levels of traffic fines through a public attitude survey. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on 905 adult drivers over 20 years of age from 15 provinces and metropolitan cities. Analysis results are as follows. First, traffic environment in South Korea is generally not safe. Respondents perceive violation of traffic laws such as reckless driving, speeding and drunk and driving as an important cause. Second, 61.6% of respondents experienced over one speeding annually, but only 15.2% of respondents were caught in the last three years. Third, opposition to levels of traffic fines has decreased over the past, and responses were more positive when more information was provided. Fourth, to deter moral hazard of paying traffic fines to avoid traffic penalty points, traffic fines should be at least 50,000~70,000 won higher than penalty fines. Fifth, there was less opposition to implementation of accumulated penalty policy compared to income-based differential fine levels. Sixth, traffic fines for different types of traffic violations need to be reorganized. In conclusion, this study suggests the following policy improvements for the current traffic fine and penalty fine policies for violation of traffic laws. First, enough understanding and consensus must be developed for policy improvements. Second, administrative sanctions such as giving penalty points should be considered rather than financial sanctions. Third, there should be policy improvement for accumulative penalty. Current acts of traffic law violation should be reorganized.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.17
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• pp.143-155
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• 2008

Purpose of this study is to analyze actual perception of security business of security workers centering on employees working within building and to improve accomplishment of works for security workers. For this, first, activities of security workers are discussed. Second, perception of employees of companies for the necessity of security workers, non-necessity of security workers, qualification requirements of security workers for improving business recognition were established as a framework of the study. Changes for recognition of security works in modern life are a little falling behind compared to unstopping economic development and diversifying job classifications. Even at present, expression of security works is still regarded as manager of facilities or apartments in the past. In other words, it is recognized as a simple change of title and names from apartment guard to security workers. Security works in the modern job classification is settling down as a professional field of facility management and as a part of various controls such as protection and security and its field is also expanding. It is a professional job with the purpose to analyze and prevent diverse criminal actions occurring in the society and also to introduce alternative measures with the role to prevent accidents to be occurred in variety in advance instead of simple working format taking a fixed guard post. Area of security works for the purpose of maximizing necessity of security works shall have equipped with deployment of professional security workers, consideration of business satisfaction of security workers, prevention education for rapidly changing safety accidents, and substantiality in the field. We expect to have more sophisticated area of security works with ceaseless efforts and with instillation of recognition of professionalism by security workers themselves.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.43
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• pp.231-257
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• 2015

Today, the international community make every effort to suppress security crimes, to provide numerous institutional strategies and to prevent security crimes such as the terrorism and spy. Particularly, developed countries in the field of security are strengthening related legislation under new-security conditions. Things work a little differently about security crimes because the nation's benefit and protection of the law is the basis of individual benefit and protection of the law under investigation procedure of the security crimes. Therefore they have policy that permits major investigative agency under the arrest and detention procedure(e.g. security and communication monitoring ${\ldots}$). Criminal procedure's improvement and reinforcement are very important for events related security. But, The investigation procedure between criminal offense and security crimes makes no odds in the Korea. Continuance of such a national mood will accuse of not responding appropriately in preparation for new-security conditions recently. To revise with international best security legislation, We should institute a proper registration system in Korea's situation. This study have been discussing how to improve related legislation under new-security conditions through the cases analysis of the arrest and detention procedure in Korea.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.37
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• pp.197-220
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• 2013

To develop the tourism industry, which is a 'no smoking environment-friendly green industry' and can contribute to creating jobs, it is the goal of top priority to resolve foreign tourists' discomfort and fear by allowing them to look around the country satisfactorily without fear and return to their home and inducing them to naturally promote tourism in South Korea to people around them. No matter how great tourist attractions a country has, there is not many foreign tourists who will go on a tour trembling with fear of crimes such as thefts, frauds, threats and blackmail. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare the conditions of tourism free from various illegal acts and inconveniences for domestic and foreign tourists, and for this, it is urgently necessary to make efforts to improve laws and institutions. Domestic tourists can report their complaints themselves through the Tourist Complaint Center of Korea Tourist Service, Inc. or Korea Consumer Agency, or to the police through the 112 Crime Report. In contrast, there are a lot of cases in which foreign tourists cannot receive compensation as it is not easy for them to report due to the differences in language, culture and the criminal justice system though they have suffered illegal acts or inconveniences. This, consequently, has an adverse effect that would disturb the tourism in South Korea as the tourists may spread its bad images to people around them after they return to their home countries with discomfort, so it is urgently necessary to establish a foreign tourist-centered tourist police system.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.53
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• pp.83-105
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the problems of In-Flight Security Officer responsible for the security of the aircraft in the situation where Acts of Unlawful Interference in Aircraft shows an increasing tendency and the aircraft security is threatened by the terror threat of IS(Daesh) and to suggests its policy implications. Based on the problems of In-Flight Security Officer system found in the media reports and laws, the US Air Marshal system and the domestic similar system were presented to the In-Flight Security Officer developmental implications. First, it is necessary to revise the "Operational Guidelines for Airline Operators' In-Flight security officer" and the related qualifications to the "National Technical Qualifications" system. Second, the plan to change the national civil servants of In-Flight Security Officer in the aircraft, Third, it is a plan to use the registered security guard system in the aircraft. Although this study has limitations the accessibility of information related to aviation security. But, contributions of this study is that the government's efforts to create the public sector jobs, the "strengthening of public services in the country", "the establishment of national accountability for safety accident prevention and disaster safety management" in the "A five-year plan for Government Operation" that it has a timeliness in that it is together. In addition, since there are not many researches related to In-Flight Security Officer, this study also has another contribution as a basic study of the researchers in the aviation security aircraft in the future.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.50
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• pp.307-337
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• 2017

The freedom of assembly is the fundamental freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution. However, as far as our reality is concerned, the freedom of assembly is guaranteed only when it is under the control of the police, and otherwise it is perceived as an object to be suppressed. Police say even that they will not tolerate even a small illegal law while referring to the "broken window theory". Therefore, regardless of the peaceful nature of the rally, it is too obsessed with 'compliance'. This attitude is causing the citizens who participated in the assembly to be put to the object to be suppressed. This paper analyzes the requirements and current status of police force, focusing on the vehicle-wall-blocking and water cannon as a means of using the police force, which is a recent problem, and suggests ways to improve it. First of all, the installation of the wall cuts off the essential communication function of the assembly by separating the meeting place from the object of protest. Thus, despite the warning for prevention in the face of illegal acts, other than installing a barrier, it should be allowed only in the 'urgent case where there is a risk of causing damage to the life, body or property of the person'. Without this urgency, the vehicle-wall-blocking should not be allowed to be proactive as well as preventive. Secondly, the water cannon is a police force that is likely to harm people's life and body. Therefore, aiming shots, which could pose a significant risk to the human body, should in principle be prohibited. However, considering its risk, it should be supplementary used only when there is no other alternative, only when the direct risk to the legal interest of the other person or the order of public well-being is 'obvious'. In addition, as for the use standard of such a thing, it is necessary to be specified by law.