• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.89-97
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• 2010

In the contingent valuation method (CVM) survey, we employed double-bounded discrete choice (DBDC) question to investigate the willingness to pay (WTP). The estimation results for the bivariate logit model show that respondents are willing to pay 329,256 won per year. The model with covariate variables suggests that the covariate effects help describe behavioral or preference tendencies. Double-bounded models increase efficiency over single dichotomous choice models, because the answers yes-no or no-yes yield clear bounds on WTP.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.129-156
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• 2008

This paper investigated labor force participation pattern changes of married women from 1980 to 2005. Using the micro samples of Population and Housing Census provided by the Korean National Statistical Office, the following results were obtained. The labor force participation rate of married women has substantially increased from 1980 to 2005, with some significant changes in labor supply pattern worthy of note. The most important finding concerns the highly educated women's and younger cohorts' labor supply patterns. Labor force participation rate rapidly increased among college educated married women and wives of college educated men. This is different from the stylized fact associated with married women's labor in Korea, that is, "More educated, less work." This change is more obvious among recent cohorts born from 1971-1975 and from 1976-1980. In contrast to the spouses who trigger less of an influence on married women's labor, the presence of children still proved to be a critical component.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.181-188
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• 2019

People can easily use a shared economic service system based on ICT technology. Most of the shared economic services are provided by private companies, and discussion on public goods is insufficient. If we look at the current shared economic service from the point of view of courier service, $\ddot{U}ber^{\prime}s$ system can be an alternative. The post office courier service uses ICT technology but differs from the service of the shared economy. This study uses Delphi analyzer method and AHP methodology to derive important factors in introducing shared economic system. As a result, socioeconomic characteristics were found to be the most important in the upper tier, and the shared economic platform, sharing of idle resources, popularization of smartphone, and increase of e - commerce were the four important factors in the lower tier. In order to maximize efficiency, which is the essence of the shared economy, the necessity of introduction into the shared economic system and important factors in the introduction of public goods are presented.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11b
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• pp.677-680
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• 2010

본 연구는 경기도 구리시의 2개 초등학교 5, 6학년 학생을 대상으로 시력 저하 실태 및 그와 관련된 요인들을 알아보고 시력 저하 예방교육의 기초자료로 활용하고자 시도 된 연구이다. 자료의 수집은 2009년 11월 1일부터 12월 10일까지 초등학교 5학년, 6학년 학생 793명(남 417명, 여 376명)이었고 2009학년도의 시력검사자료 분석과 문헌 및 기존의 조사도구를 토대로 개발한 자가 보고식 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS WIN 12.0(한글판)프로그램을 이용하여 빈도, 백분율, $x^2$-test 및 로지스틱 회귀분석의 통계적 방법으로 분석하였다. 시력저하에 유의한 영향요인으로 좌측시력을 종속변수로 한 경우 중 일반특성에 따른 변수인 부모 및 형제와 자매가 안경 및 렌즈 착용하는 경우, 경제적으로 어려울수록 시력 저하 자가 많았고, 환경특성에 따른 변수인 거실 및 방안밝기가 어두울수록, 컴퓨터 사용 시 실내밝기가 어두울수록, TV의 눈높이 및 컴퓨터 모니터의 눈높이가 높을수록 시력 저하 자가 많았다. 우측시력을 종속변수로 한 경우 중 일반특성에 따른 변수인 부모가 안경 및 렌즈를 착용할수록, 형제 와 자매가 안경 및 렌즈를 착용할수록, 경제적으로 어려울수록 시력 저하 자가 많았고, 환경특성에 따른 변수인 거실 및 방안밝기가 어두울수록, 컴퓨터 사용 시 실내밝기가 어두울수록, TV의 눈높이 및 컴퓨터 모니터의 눈높이가 높을수록 시력 저하 자가 많았다. 안경 및 렌즈를 종속변수로 한 경우 중 일반특성에 따른 변수인 부모 및 형제와 자매가 안경 및 렌즈를 착용할수록, 경제적으로 어려울수록 시력 저하 자가 많았으며, 환경특성에 따른 변수인 거실 및 방안밝기의 실내밝기가 어두울수록, TV의 눈높이 및 컴퓨터 모니터의 눈높이가 높을수록 시력 저하 자가 많았다. 눈 건강상태를 종속변수로 한 경우 중 일반특성에 따른 변수인 경제적으로 어려울수록 시력 저하 자가 많았고, 건강행동특성에 따른 변수인 주관적인 건강상태가 나쁠수록, 눈 피로감이 있을수록 시력 저하 자가 많았으며 환경특성에 따른 변수인 거실 및 방안밝기의 실내 밝기가 어두울수록 시력 저하 자가 많았다. 시력저하관련 요인을 연구한 결과 학생들의 시력 저하 자가 매년 증가하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었고, 유전적 요인에 의한 시력저하는 개인의 노력에 의하여 사전예방이 어렵지만 환경적 요인에 의한 시력저하는 노력과 관심으로 사전예방이 가능하므로 학생들의 시력건강증진을 위하여 학부모와 학교 및 전문 의료기관이 서로 연계적인 협조 하에 학생들 개개인에 맞는 효율적인 시력증진관리프로그램 개발하는 것이 필요하고, 현행학교시력검사의 정확성을 기하기 위하여 표준화된 시력검사 지침을 개발하여 사용할 필요가 있으며, 지역 및 환경적 배경이 다르다 보니 연구결과가 다르게 나타나는 경우가 있는데 객관적인 결과를 도출하기 위하여 여러 지역의 학생을 대상으로 다양하고 체계적인 연구를 해야 할 필요성이 있다고 생각한다.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.55-65
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the factors that affect start-up activities at the national level. Unlike most existing research about entrepreneurship at the individual level, this empirical analysis makes use of the total early-stage entrepreneurial activity(TEA) index at national level. This was developed by the Global Entrepreneur Monitor (GEM) as the measure for the degree of entrepreneurship of the countries. Based on the previous studies, not only national income level and unemployment rate, but also other factors including the cultural characteristics of the countries were included in our regression model. Using GEM's panel data, we found that the effectiveness of the factors depends on the stage of economic development. In particular, we found 'U-shape' relationship between the level of per capita income and entrepreneurship activity by the panel regression analysis using quadratic function. This analysis result can explicitly confirm what the existing literature have explained descriptively. Furthermore, the governmental support programs are shown to have significantly positive effects on the entrepreneurship or start-up activities in the factor-driven and efficiency-driven economies. On the contrary, those programs were not very helpful in the innovative economies. Lastly, this research suggests that the 'education and training' and the 'entrepreneurial culture' be the supportive norm for new business regardless of the economic development level.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.149-165
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• 2016

The objectives of this study is to assess the influence of individual characteristics and economic environment on the entrepreneurship such as entrepreneurial Intention and behavior based on the theory of Planned behaviors. This study used a country-level merged data set composed of GEM(Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) data and the OECD Statistics data. And this used the fixed effect model to analyze the panel data of 31 OECD countries during the period from 2005 to 2014. Our findings show that subjective norm has a significantly positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. In individual characteristics, the perceived opportunities has a significantly positive effect on early-stage entrepreneurial activity(TEA) and improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity. We identify the differences of between necessity-driven and improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity. For example, the effect on necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity is significantly negative. We also find the differences of between necessity-driven and improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity in economic environment variables. While real GDP growth as a demand variable has a significantly positive effect on necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity, unemployment rate as a supply variable has a significantly negative effect on early-stage entrepreneurial activity(TEA) and improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity. And GDP per capita as a supply variable has a significantly positive effect on early-stage entrepreneurial activity(TEA) and improvement-driven opportunity entrepreneurial activity. But the effect on necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity is significantly negative. We provide an interpretation of these empirical findings, emphasizing the importance of considering individual characteristics and economic environment simultaneously in promoting entrepreneurship.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.149-166
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the regional disparity and its determinants of $CO_2$ emission from the residential energy consumption in China. This study examines factors that affect the $CO_2$ emission per capita using the panel model. The panel model was set by a balanced panel data for 30 provinces and for the period of 2006~2011. $CO_2$ emission per capita is used as the dependent variable and characteristics of the household and regional physical environmental factors are selected as the explanatory variables. The important findings can be summarized as follows. $CO_2$ emission per capita is influenced by the ratio of the graduate students, household size, the ratio of the old-aged, female economic participation rate. High residential density is negatively affected on $CO_2$ emission. The findings suggest that the effect of policies reducing $CO_2$ emission per capita may vary by characteristics of the household, energy sources and regional climate. The results of this empirical study give some implications to reduce the residential energy consumption in the era of climate change.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.361-368
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• 2013

This research aims to offer the information required for demand increase on marketing strategy level by investigating Mudeungsan visitors' demographic characteristics and social economical variables. To accomplish this study, the proper analyzing model needs to be applied because a grave error of parameters will be led if regression model appropriate for analyzing the data of a continuous probability variable is applied, in case that dependent variable is a discrete random variable which have a discrete probability distribution. Therefore data analysis was performed with Poisson model. However, as the data was showing an overdispersion, parameter was estimated with the Binomial Poisson model able to cover the problem. As a result, some explanatory variables turned out to be significant such as visitor's age, occupation, preferred season to visit, type of company, five days working, and preferring type of tourism. Author could offer to the national park the information about characteristics of core market revealed and marketing strategy for it, based on those influential variables.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2005.02a
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• pp.268-286
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 OECD 주요 10개국을 대상으로 국가별 정보통신산업의 성장 추이를 각각 분석하고 국별 특성을 비교하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 바탕으로 각국의 정보통신산업이 경기순환 또는 단계별 발전 속성을 지니고 있는지를 파악하고 국가별 공통점과 특이점을 분석하고자 하였다. 방법론적으로 OECD 국가들의 정보통신산업 GDP 추이 및 성장률의 움직임을 국면전환 (regime change) 확산과정으로 묘사함으로써 각 국가별 정보통신산업 발전 양상의 특징 및 국면전환 시점 등을 포착해 내고자 하였다 추세를 갖는 대표적 확산과정인 GBM 모형과 평균회귀 성향을 갖는 대표적 확산과정인 Vasicek 모형에 각각 마코프 국면전환을 도입하여 국가별 정보통신산업 GDP 및 GDP 성장률의 추이에 있어 국면 전환 여부와 독특한 발전 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과 정보통신산업 GDP의 성장률과 변동성 사이에는 높은 상관관계가 있었으며, 한국, 멕시코 등은 고성장, 고변동성을, 미국, 프랑스, 일본 등은 저성장, 저변동성의 특성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다 또한 한국의 경우 유일하게 성장률과 변동성 모두 국면전환이 일어나는 국가로 나타났다. 장기평균 성장률의 특성에 따라 분류한 결과, 한국, 일본, 미국, 멕시코, 뉴질랜드는 고성장에서 저성장으로의 국면전환, 핀란드와 덴마크는 경기 순환적 국면전환, 노르웨이, 프랑스, 캐나다는 단일 국면으로 분류할 수 있었다. 특히 한국의 경우 평균회귀 속도와 변동성이 타 국가에 비해 높은 특성을 보여주었다. 본 연구는 정보통신산업을 미시적 분석이나 세부 항목별 정량적 분석을 통해서가 아니라 산업의 발전 속성 및 경기 순환 등의 관점에서 분석함으로써 정보통신산업 정책의 수립 및 집행을 거시적 안목 하에 정립할 수 있게 한다는 데 의의를 가진다. 또한 경제변수를 묘사하는데 있어 국면전환 확산과정을 사용함으로써 향후 실물옵션 등을 통한 기술 및 무형자산의 가치평가에 있어 기초자산의 움직임을 보다 정확히 포착해 낼 수 있는 프로세스를 제공하였다는데 또 다른 의의를 갖는다고 하겠다.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.235-242
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• 2013

For people with disabilities, getting a job makes it possible to advocate their own human rights, to improve their self-esteem and self-efficacy, to narrow economic, psychological and social divide between them and those without disabilities and ultimately to attain social integration. According to recent statistical data, there was an increase in the weight of people with disabilities, but their economic activities were on the wane, and it's required to explore what curbs the employment of people with disabilities to find feasible solutions. The purpose of this study was to examine influential factors for the economic activities of people with disabilities. The subjects in this study were the selected people with disabilities in the metropolitan area, on whom a survey was conducted to make an empirical analysis. The findings of the study were as follows: The people with disabilities engaged in less economic activities when they were basic livelihood security recipients, when they were older, and when they were female. And those who underwent job training and who were certified technicians were more likely to participate in economic activities. Therefore differentiated policy setting is required to boost the economic activities of people with disabilities after their general characteristics, characteristics as human resources and characteristics related to vocational training are carefully analyzed. As for general characteristics, whether they are basic livelihood security recipients or not should be considered to assess the degree of their poverty, and their gender, age and presence or absence of spouses should all be taken into account. In terms of vocational training, their certificates and job training experience should be investigated.