• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.275-303
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• 1997

최근 각국은 자국의 해양자원을 보존한다는 명분으로 EEZ선포를 서두르고 있다. 한반도 주변과 같이 서로 인접한 수역에서의 EEZ설정은 필연적으로 각국의 이해관계가 상충될 수밖에 없고 따라서 이의 해결을 위해 인접국들은 합의에 의해 공동어로수역을 설정하고 이를 공동을 관할하려 할 것이다. 이 논문은 각국이 공동어로 수역을 설정하여 접속수역에 대해 인접국에게 관할권을 부여할 경우 초래될 수 있는 점을 게임이론과 정치경제적인 접근으로 이러한 문제를 다루었다. 즉, 접속수역에서 인접국은 자원의 채취에 있어서 다국과의 차별적인 규제를 시행하고 타국도 마찬가지의 정책을 구사할 경우 도덕적 위해(moral hazard)에 의해 각국의 접속수역에서의 자원이 가속적으로 고갈될 수 있다는 점을 보이고 있다. 또한 단기적인 전략적 산업정책의 수행은 타국의 희생하에 시장점유율을 확대시키며 그 결과 이윤의 이전을 가져오며 이는 자국 후생의 향상을 가져올 수 있다는 브랜드-스펜서(Brander-Spencer)의 결과는 수산자원과 같은 갱생지원의 경우에는 적용될 수 없다는 점을 보이고 있다.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.363-388
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• 2020

The purposes of this study are to not only estimate optimal harvests and efforts using the surplus production methods for Spanish mackerel caught by multiple fishing gears, but provide dynamic optimal fisheries management for these gears using the current value Hamiltonian method. To achieve the above purposes this study uses several models such as Gavaris's general linear model for standardizing fishing efforts, surplus production method for estimating biological and technological coefficients, current value Hamiltonian method for estimating dynamic optimal harvest and efforts, and sensitivity analysis for diagnosing economic influences of these fisheries. As a result, this study showed that Spanish mackerel was overfished by multiple fishing gears based on surplus production method and the current value Hamiltonian method. Also, this study found that when the price and cost proportionally changed, the optimal harvest and fishing effort sensitively responded to the stock level of Spanish mackerel. Next, this study suggested that the multiple fishing gears for Spanish mackerel should reduce unnecessary costs such as operating time or inefficient fuel consumption. Finally, this study provided reasons Spanish mackerel should be included in the TAC system in a view of profit maximization based on sustainable use of the Spanish mackerel.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.93-115
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• 2007

As strategies for creating profits are differentiated by the national economic system and development strategies related to firms' geographical scope, they depend on the spatial contexts and product characteristics. In this perspective, strategies for the profit creation of Korean textile and clothing FDI firms invested in Vietnam has involved in the geographical differentiations in accordance with the development path of transitional economies, changes in institutional environments and the characteristics of products. Therefore. the main purpose of this research is to identify the way in which they have their own identity in transitional economies by investigating business pattern, commodity chain and extra-firm relations, which are related to institutional dynamics in Vietnam. There are two main characteristics of Korean textile and clothing FDI firms in Vietnam. The first is that all business activities involved in the commodity chain of them from R&D to production is controlled by global retailer and distributors, which is the buyer-driven commodity chain and the typical commodity chain of the textile and clothing industry. The second could be defined as over- or unforced embeddedness into the institutional legacy of the Soviet system, because they have been incorporated into pre-existing networks based on reciprocal relations in Vietnam.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.111-130
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• 2001

Using the 1996 Expenditure Survey of Urban Famines from the Korea National Statistics Office, this study examines the economic status and the inequality of the elderly households. To explain the inequality of the single elderly households, this study divides the elderly into three groups of single, couple, and Living with admit children, and compares the total household income, total household expenditure and the net saving amount of these three groups. The results of Gini coefficients and Lorenz curries show that the inequality is higher in the single elderly household than couple elderly households or living with adult children elderly households. To investigate the reason of the inequality, this study compares the income, expenditure, and net saving amount by working condition of the household head in each three group. The result implies the need of employment to get household income especially for the single elderly who are in the higher inequality economic condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.167-172
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• 1998

접지설비는 전기에 의한 감전, 화재, 폭발 등의 사고를 방지하기 위한 기본적인 안전조치이며, 전력시스템에서 정상 또는 고장시 설비를 보호하거나 안정적으로 가동케 하는 등 전기설비의 운용이나 안전기술 중 하나로서 매우 유용하고 경제적이며 안전적인 수단의 설비이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.279-284
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• 2002

생물생산에 따른 생산시설 및 환경조절에 대한 생물 환경 조절 시스템은 식물이나 동물과 같은 생물을 보호하기 위한 간단한 구조물에서 환경조절, 생물의 성장, 그리고 공간과 노동력의 이용 둥이 효율적으로 상호 작용하는 복잡하며 정교한 시스템도 있다. 이 시스템이 어떠한 형태로 구성되어있더라도, 가장 중요한 목표는 시스템이 이루고자 하는 목적을 달성하고, 경제적인 이윤을 남기고 또한 경제적으로 살아남을 수 있는가에 있다. (중략)

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.55-67
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• 2015

This study analyzes the relationship between shipping profit and market return in the tramp trade from January 2000 to October 2014. First, we carry out the causality test and find a causal relationship between the studied variables. Second, the estimates from the Johansen cointegration test show that shipping profit is cointegrated with market return, which implies that a long-run relationship exists among the variables. The empirical results thus imply that shipping firms need diverse risk management strategies.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.399-416
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• 2016

The main aim of the research attempts to identify value relations appropriated and realized in the coffee frontier of Vietnam by investigating the ways in which it is integrated into coffee global value chains driven by multinational companies, and to provide some implications of the integration of the frontier into sustainable coffee global value chains for creating shared value in Dak Lak, Vietnam. Recently Dak Lak has gone through the transition of value relations from exploitative value chains based upon conventional coffee production into shared value chains relied upon the production of sustainable or certified coffee in Dak Lak. The transition has been expected to result in sustainability in the creation of value by enhancing regional competitive advantages and regional bargaining power in global value chains driven by multinational companies. However, the reality has shown the intensification of hierarchical profits allocation among stakeholders such as farmer, middlemen, and multinational companies in the region. The main reasons for this could be found in two perspectives. Firstly, the formation of exclusive relations among farmers, middlemen, and processors has led to stakeholders to secure market, but resulted in the intensification of hierarchy among them in global value chain, because multinational companies could control indirectly over the farming system through exclusive middlemen. Secondly, social and ecological costs imputed by multinational companies to coffee farmers in the name of creating shared value has deteriorated the economic profits of stakeholders such as farmers and middlemen. As a result, it has led to the configuration of systematically hierarchical and subordinated global value chain in Dak Lak.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.372-388
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• 2013

A series of coffee middlemen has come to be regarded as an exploitative force in the lives of small and poor coffee farmers, which is called 'coyote', controlling production, paying unfair prices for labor and goods, and participating in fraudulent practices to maximize their own profits. However, the reality of gains captured by coffee middlemen in the value chain might be exaggerated and even unfair. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to reconsider the implication of coffee middlemen for the development of coffee value chain in Vietnam. It also attempts to identify their characteristics by investigating relations among coffee farmers, middlemen and processing/exporting firms. In terms of middlemen's margin in the coffee sub-sector, their margin is quite small when compared to other actors higher in the value chain. Rather, coffee middlemen in Vietnam have played a critical role as an intermediary of change in local economies. More specifically, coffee middlemen in Dak Lak has played a significant role as a market facilitator by stimulating the access of farmers to markets by providing buyers for farmers thanks to changes in institutional environment. Also, they have played a critical role as an agent of sustainable coffee production by encouraging sustainable coffee production in accordance with the demand of processing and exporting firms.

• Environmental engineer
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• v.24 s.255
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• pp.20-24
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• 2007

60년의 역사를 바탕으로 'Global Leader'를 지향하고 있는 LG화학은 '차별화된 소재와 솔루션으로 고객과 함께 성장하는 세계적 기업'이라는 장래상을 가지고 경제적 이윤 창출은 물론 제품 생산 및 유통과정에 있어서의 환경.안전 리스크를 최소화하고 제품의 친환경성을 제고하며 다양한 사회공헌 활동을 통해 사회적 책임을 다하고자 노력하고 있다. 이를 위해 LG화학은 화학산업의 자발적 환경.안전.보건개선활동인 'Responsible Care'를 기반으로 환경친화기업, ISO14001, PSM, KOSHA18001 등 환경.안전.보건 경영시스템을 구축하고, 전사적 환경목표인 "오염물질 배출 'O'화"활동, 근로자와 지역주민의 건강과 안전을 확보하기 위한 사고예방활동, 에너지 절감 및 온실가스배출 감축, 친환경제품과 공정개발 등 환경.안정.보건.에너지 분야의 지속적인 개선을 위해 노력하는 한편 이동화학교실, 화학캠프 등의 사회공헌활동을 통해 자라나는 청소년들에게 화학에 대한 흥미를 북돋우고 화학의 중요성을 알려 미래 우리나라를 이끌어갈 과학인재를 육성하는데도 기여하고 있다.